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Short-cycled factory planning – motivation and existing challenges

Procedia CIRP 2024年 130卷 1708-1713页

作者： Fabian Bermpohl Simon F. Schäfer Andrea Hohmann Rüdiger Daub Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology IGCV Am Technologiezentrum 10 86159 Augsburg Germany Ingenics Consulting； Lessingstraße 70 38440 Wolfsburg Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management iwb at the Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstraße 15 85748 Garching bei München Germany

Factory planning is faced with an increasingly dynamic business environment. Product life cycles are being continuously shortened due to more frequent product, process and technology innovations and, thus, to ensure global competitiveness. Combined with increasing government and social restrictions, factories must be adapted in shorter cycles. Assuming a constant need for adjustments to ensure production under optimal settings, a more frequent factory replanning leads to a decreasing operating time and thus directly impacts the overall efficiency of the factory. This publication analyzes the existing needs and challenges for short-cycled factory planning. To approach this topic, the conditions of the factory must be considered holistically: both planning and operation phases must be taken into account. Therefore, it is illustrated how the combination of the factory operator’s individual strategy influences the optimal operation level of a factory over its life cycle. Furthermore, a first characterization of short-cycled factory planning is presented, and potentials for consistency of planning information through the factory life cycle are analyzed.

关键词： factory planning life cycle digitization sustainability short-cycled replanning

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Usage-based leasing of complex manufacturing systems: A method to transform current ownership-based into pay-per-use business models

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 107卷 1238-1244页

作者： Mohaned Alaluss Chris Drechsler Robin Kurth Anton Mauersberger Steffen Ihlenfeldt Michael Marré Rainer Labs Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strafβ 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstr. 7a 01069 Dresden Germany South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences Frauenstuhlweg 31 58644 Iserlohn Germany

Manufacturing technology with its cost- and resource-intensive manufacturing machines like machine tools, whose amortization often takes several years, is characterized by a high degree of individualization. Here, the need for increasingly complex as well as individualized products leads to the demand for high flexibility and resilience in complex manufacturing systems. The increasing uncertainty and volatility in the markets pose high economic risks for machine operators with ownership-based business models to enter new technologies. Consequently, this restrains the innovative and creative power of manufacturing companies. Although leasing models exist in various industry sectors like printing industry or compressed air supply, their implementation is still challenging due to the high degree of complexity regarding machine system, process, and services of the leasing product. In this paper, a novel method, with increased consideration of technical-technological aspects, to transform current ownership-based into usage-based business models like pay-per-use, is proposed. The resulting method also considers the pay-per-use readiness through an initial assessment of the existing manufacturing system.

关键词： perfomance-based contracting pay-per-use method business models manufacturing machines machine tools industry 4.0 agile production

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Reliable Deep Learning-Based Analysis of Production Areas Using RGB-D Data and Model Confidence Calibration

Reliable Deep Learning-Based Analysis of Production Areas Us...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Johannes C. Bauer Kutay Yilmaz Sonja Wächter Rüdiger Daub Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management (iwb) Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Conti Temic microelectronic GmbH Ingolstadt Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology IGCV Augsburg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

In order to quickly adapt the factory layout to changed product variants or quantities, fast re-planning cycles are crucial for manufacturing companies. A promising approach to speed-up such processes is the acquisition of 3D scans of the factory's shopfloor. These can be used to correctly assess its current state and generate an up-to-date database for layout planning. However, the manual analysis of these 3D scans still constitutes a time-consuming task and the terrestrial LiDAR sensors commonly used for data acquisition are associated with high investment costs. We therefore present an approach for automated analysis of factory layouts based on data captured by a low-cost RGB-D sensor. Semantic segmentation is performed using the acquired color and depth images to classify the different visible areas automatically. On the one hand, the potential of multi- and uni-modal deep learning models is assessed. On the other hand, the use of model confidence calibration approaches is evaluated to improve the reliability of the predicted segmentation masks, avoid false predictions, and hence increase users' trust in the results.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Semantic segmentation Layout Semantics Predictive models Production facilities Calibration Sensors Planning Reliability

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Inductive Sintering Module for Improved Multi-Die Attach in the Field of Power Packaging

Inductive Sintering Module for Improved Multi-Die Attach in ...

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IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan

作者： Christian Hofmann Patrick Rochala Martin Kroll Sushant Panhale Mario Baum Harald Kuhn Kiyoshi Oi Masaki Sanada Kei Murayama Department System Packaging Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS Chemnitz Germany Professorship for Forming and Joining Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes (IWP) Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Department Systems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS Chemnitz Germany Process Development Dept. SHINKO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES CO. LTD. Nagano Japan

This work presents a heating technology for multi-die attach based on inductive silver sintering. Thus, the heat for the sintering reaction is confined locally to the bond region, avoiding heating of the entire power ...

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Production of Sulfidic Cylindrical All-Solid-State Batteries

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Procedia CIRP 2025年 134卷 199-204页

作者： Santiago Navarro Pascal Hennrich Florian Steinlehner Stefan W. Zangerle Markus S. Ding Rüdiger Daub BMW AG Battery Cell Competence Centre (BCCC) Lemgostraße 7 Munich 80935 Germany. Fraunhofer Institute for Foundry Composite and Processing Technology IGCV Am Technologiezentrum 10 Augsburg 86159 Germany Technical University of Munich Institute of Machine Tools and Management Sciences Boltzmannstraße 15 Garching 85748 Germany.

All-solid-state batteries promise higher energy densities than conventional liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries. This new battery technology is demonstrated in the pouch design with flat electrodes and solid electrolytes. However, pouch design requires an external compression system, such as springs, reducing energy density at the battery pack level. This challenges the scale-up of this new technology. In contrast, a cylindrical cell housing design, used in lithium-ion battery batteries, ensures a high operational pressure through its hard case. Adapting the new all-solid-state technology to the cylindrical design would increase energy density at the battery pack level. Nevertheless, the cylindrical design necessitates windable and ionic conductive solid composite electrodes and solid electrolytes, which have yet to be developed. This work proposes potential solutions to produce a sulfidic cylindrical all-solid-state battery. Through literature review and BMW experience, we first described the state-of-art of both technologies. Subsequently, we compared them and identified three major technical obstacles. First, the roll-to-roll process must replace the current discontinuous manufacturing process. Herein, we proposed the calendering process to replace uniaxial pressing. Secondly, the high pressure required for ionic conductivity makes the solid composite electrodes and the solid-electrolyte separator brittle. This fact difficulties their windability. A production balance between ionic conductivity and mechanical flexibility needs to be found. Third, the cylindrical cell housing must provide the operational pressure given the missing springs. Pre-warming the cell housing and using a dynamic cell core might be solutions. This work provides researchers and industry with a concrete approach for cost-effective scaling of all-solid-state batteries.

关键词： ASSB LIB Pouch packing Cylindrical cell can Re-Use Manufacturing Systems Production Process Requirements

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Application of a product-centred process-independent meta-model for multi-stage production data to enable predictive quality for additive manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 118卷 799-804页

作者： Ronja Witt Anna-Lena Knott Simon Cramer Robert H. Schmitt Chair for Production Metrology and Quality Management of the Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen Campus Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 52074 Aachen Germany

In multi-step production processes with countless information sources, it is vital to accompany process data with meta-information to enable an efficient aggregation of the collected data. The relationships of process- and meta-data has been described through a previously presented flexible and process-independent meta-model, which is especially suitable for predictive quality applications. We propose an enhancement for the attribution of process parameters and quality characteristics. The two novel meta-classes provide information about tolerances and hence increase the process and product model. Our results show how the refined meta-model enhances the mapping of an additive manufacturing process. Further, we introduce an industry-ready implementation and make the code accessible on Github.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Data analytics Meta-model Medical technology Process data Predictive quality Digital shadow Smart production

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Investigation of the potential of dipping as a technology for bifunctional assemblies as a coating material

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 121卷 186-191页

作者： Fan Yang Hakim El Kadaoui Jan Gebauer Duygu Deniz Akolpoglu Basaran Lars Stauder Sebastian Barth Thomas Bergs Ulrich Schwaneberg Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany Chair of Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 3 52074 Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 52074 Aachen Germany

The biologicalisation of production represents an innovative approach to increase sustainability and efficiency, as well as improve the functionality of existing products and processes by incorporating bio-based materials into production. One area of biologicalisation of production involves the use of customized proteins for surface functionalization. The potential functionalities that can be achieved are diverse. For example, customized proteins have the potential to achieve antibacterial and anticorrosive functions. The resulting potentials can be utilized, for instance, in medicine and production technology. However, currently, there is a lack of fundamental knowledge regarding the application of customized proteins as bio-based coating materials for various conventional materials. This leads to new challenges for research and industry. Technologies for the scalable processing and application of bio-based materials such as bifunctional assemblies have not been sufficiently investigated yet. For the application of bifunctional assemblies for coating surfaces, coating technologies have been identified in the past, which are potentially capable of applying customized proteins as coatings to ensure individual functionalities. One of the identified coating technologies with high potential is dipping. The aim of this work is to present the results of initial investigations on the coating of different base materials with the fluorescent bifunctional assembly eGFP-LCI. The fluorescent bifunctional assembly was used because by measuring the fluorescence, an evaluation of the adhesion and based on that, the identification of possible cause-effect relationships in the coating of different materials with tailored bifunctional assemblies is possible. The findings from this series of experiments show that with increasing dipping duration, peptide concentration, and surface roughness of the workpiece cause an increase of the coating quality of PLA. While for other investigated

关键词： Biologicalisation protein manufacturing coating dipping test

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Prediction of Quality in Thermographic Spray Spot Applications with machine Learning Algorithms

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 120卷 1215-1219页

作者： Eckart Uhlmann Julian Polte Nikolaos-Stefanos Koutrakis Lasse Pyka Müslüm Ider Georg Thomas Christian Rupprecht Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management (IWF) Technische Universität Berlin Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin 10587 Germany

Due to the high number of influences in production applications, quality fluctuation and deviating results in thermal spray applications are a challenging issue in manufacturing processes. This paper presents a concept for an adaptive process control based on different machine learning algorithms that are utilized to correlate input parameters with output results in thermal spray processes. For that purpose, a test environment was developed, incorporating different application scenarios with various input parameters. During the experiments, a series of measurements was performed, that is used to describe and evaluate the process. The extracted data of the conducted experiments are transformed into features and serve as the data input for the development of machine learning models based on various algorithms. These algorithms offer a prediction of the peak position, which describes the deviation of the programmed application spot, thus offering a quality prediction by utilizing solely the input process parameters. This work provides an approach based on the compared algorithms, that can be applied to create an adaptive process control, by adjusting the input parameters during the thermal spray application process.

关键词： machine learning thermal spray process quality prediction process control

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Towards a manufacturing related description of bifunctional assemblies

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 125卷 331-336页

作者： Hakim El Kadaoui Fan Yang Sebastian Apelt Gonsalves Grünert Chiara Nenninger Philipp Niemietz Thomas Bergs Ulrich Schwaneberg Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany Chair of Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 3 52074 Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 52074 Aachen Germany

Biological transformation unlocks untapped potential for innovative, high-value products. Bifunctional assemblies enable diverse functionalities through modular combinations of biobased modules and offer the potential for cost-efficient and environmentally friendly functionalization of components. Component functionalization can be applied in industries with high economic and technological potential and societal relevance. In medical technology, for example, bifunctional assemblies have the potential to apply an antimicrobial coating to implants to ward off bacterial contamination of the surface. At present bifunctional assemblies have not yet been used in manufacturing in a scalable manner. Therefore, it is not possible to exploit these potentials because, from a manufacturing technology perspective, bifunctional assemblies are a new class of materials and therefore pose new requirements for manufacturing technology. It is not sufficiently known which manufacturing technologies can apply bifunctional assemblies to components in a scalable manner, i.e. over large areas, homogeneously and in large quantities. To identify biocompatible manufacturing technologies potentially suitable for the application of bifunctional assemblies to components, a description model is needed that provides technology-related manufacturing requirements of bifunctional assemblies. This work contributes to the systematic identification and quantification of these technology-related manufacturing requirements.

关键词： bifunctional assemblies biobased function modules component functionalization biocompatible manufacturing technologies coating

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Local Microscopic and Integral Macroscopic Analysis of Magnetic Pulse Welds and Deformations for Dissimilar Metal Joints 13th

Local Microscopic and Integral Macroscopic Analysis of Magne...

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13th International Conference on the technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2021

作者： Huberth, Frank Ragupathi, Balaji Scheffler, Christian Psyk, Verena Preußner, Johannes Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM Woehlerstrasse 11 Freiburg79108 Germany Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering EFM University of Freiburg Faculty of Engineering Emmy-Noether-Str. 2 Solar Info Center 4 Freiburg79110 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030753801

Magnetic pulse technology is used for high-speed forming as well as for joining. Joining by magnetic pulse welding (MPW) is the combination of high-speed forming, impact, and a resulting weld in the collision zone of the accelerated flyer and the impacted target. This MPW process allows the welding of dissimilar metals, like aluminum and steel for lightweight construction or aluminum and copper for E-mobility applications. Investigations showed up scattering in binding strength and failure for comparable welds. The effects leading to the bond formation and the reasons for the quality variation are not fully understood until now. For further understanding, a combined experimental investigation of integral and local mechanical weld properties supported by simulations and microstructure analysis was performed considering dissimilar metal joints of aluminum EN AW1050 H14/24 and copper Cu DHP R240 for different configurations and impact energies. Lap shear tests served for quantifying integral mechanical properties, while local mechanical properties were determined by microtensile tests on samples prepared in the thickness direction of the welded metal sheets and microstructural analysis. These local microscopic testing and analysis results provide information about the weld strength distribution. These investigations give new hints on the bond-forming mechanisms and local process depending on material effects. © 2021, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

关键词： Welds

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