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2022 Interoperability for Enterprise systems and Applications Workshops, I-ESA Workshops 2022

作者： Jaekel, Frank-Walter Knothe, Thomas Fraunhofer Institute Production Systems and Design Technology Pascalstr. 8-9 BerlinD-10587 Germany

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Supporting Changes in Digital Ownership and Data Sovereignty Across the Automotive Value Chain with Catena-X

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Procedia Computer Science 2025年 253卷 374-383页

作者： Marvin Manoury Theresa Riedelsheimer Malte Hellmeier Tom Meyer Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstrasse 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST Speicherstraße 6 44147 Dortmund Germany

Considering the concept of a Circular Economy, which entails several life cycles of, e.g., vehicles, their components, and materials, it is important to investigate how the respective Digital Twins are managed over the lifecycle of their physical assets. This publication presents and compares three approaches for managing Digital Twins in industrial use cases. For the aggregation of these approaches, a user-centered design approach has been used in the research project Catena-X which focuses on the automotive industry. The results are analyzed qualitatively based on aspects such as data ownership and data sovereignty. It was identified, that all three approaches have limitations and benefits which make them useful in different scenarios. An overview of their strengths and weaknesses is presented to select an appropriate approach In similar setups. The results described in this publication can be used to select the best update approach in data spaces where multiple stakeholders are able to update information on a single asset.

关键词： Digital Twins Ownership Circular Economy Data Sovereignty Supply Chain Catena-X

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Requirements for an AI driven Extended Reality assistance system for assembly tasks

Requirements for an AI driven Extended Reality assistance sy...

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Virtual Reality (ICVR), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Kathrin Konkol Hannah Reusing Extended Reality Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350364231

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364248

Nine qualitative expert interviews were conducted to assess the requirements for an intelligent assistance system for virtual assembly in extended reality applications. The research interest lies in understanding current industry and research needs for assistance features of AR, VR, and MR applications that support manual assembly tasks. Additionally, the use of artificial intelligence as a supporting technology was investigated. We gathered expert opinions on relevant features and grouped them into seven categories: Augmentation of information in-situ, identification of components, provision of data, analysis of user action, analysis of environment, optimization of processes, and Usability improvements. The experts feedback on the concept of a software demonstrator was collected and structured. The research shows a need for adaptive assistance systems that are capable of categorizing the user’s actions and intent in order to assist efficiently.

关键词： Industries Data analysis Extended reality Manuals Software Artificial intelligence Usability Interviews Assembly Optimization

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High Resolution 2D-/3D-Scanning and Deep Learning Segmentation for Digitization of Fragmented Wall Paintings

High Resolution 2D-/3D-Scanning and Deep Learning Segmentati...

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2023 Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage, GCH 2023

作者： Kroeger, O. Krumpek, O. Koch, P. Pape, M. Schneider, J. Krueger, J. Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany Technische Universität Berlin Germany MFB MusterFabrik Berlin GmbH Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783038682172

The preservation and study of mural wall paintings often involve the collection of numerous fragments with unknown context. In this paper the authors present a case study involving a Roman wall painting discovered in 2013 at the European Cultural Park Bliesbruck-Reinheim. The objective of this work was to develop a semi-automated assistance system for the digitization, visualization, and digital repositioning of the Roman wall painting fragments. Therefore an easy-to-use scanner system was developed, that captures high-resolution 2D images of the front and back surfaces of the fragments, along with a height map of the backside. The contributing partners also developed a control and operating software for the scanner, as well as an automated software platform for visualization and repositioning of the digital fragments. The contributions of this paper include the introduction of a ML-based algorithm for background subtraction and segmentation of the front surface of the fragments. The technical realisation for fast and accurate image acquisition of the fragments, including sensor registration and high-resolution capture, has been worked out. The system calibration process, hardware setup and data correction techniques are described in detail. Additionally, the challenges of pixel-wise image segmentation for distinguishing between background, inner contour (wall painting), and outer contour (fragment surface without painting) are discussed. Our proposed approach overcomes the limitations of training ML algorithms on high-resolution images by employing patch-wise training and leveraging small features instead of large-scale features. The digitization and segmentation process demonstrated promising results in preserving and reconstructing the roman wall painting fragments. The findings of this study contribute to the field of cultural heritage preservation and provide valuable insights as the developed equipment and methods are highly transferable to future digitization

关键词： Image segmentation

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Laser beam welding of additive manufactured components: Applicability of existing valuation regulations

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Welding and Cutting 2022年第2期21卷 109-113页

作者： Jokisch, Torsten Gook, Sergej Marko, Angelina Üstündağ, Ömer Gumenyuk, Andrey Rethmeier, Michael Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Berlin Germany Berlin Germany Berlin Germany Berlin Germany Berlin Germany

With additive manufacturing in the powder bed, the component size is limited by the installation space. Joint welding of additively manufactured parts offers a possibility to remove this size limitation. However, due to the specific stress and microstructure state in the additively built material, it is unclear to what ex-tent existing evaluation rules of joint welding are also suitable for welds on additive components. This is in-vestigated using laser beam welding of additively manufactured pipe joints. The welds are evaluated by means of visual inspection, metallographic examina-tions as well as computed tomography. The types of defects found are comparable to conventional com-ponents. This is an indicator that existing evaluation regulations also map the possible defects occurring for weld seams on additive components. © 2022, DVS Media GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： Welds

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Challenges and Opportunities of Enterprises Network design and Services

Challenges and Opportunities of Enterprises Network Design a...

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2022 Interoperability for Enterprise systems and Applications Workshops, I-ESA Workshops 2022

作者： Jaekel, Frank-Walter Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 BerlinD-10587 Germany

Enterprise networks in terms of business partners cooperating to achieve common business objectives are challenged by communication and technical conditions. A usual way to manage these challenges is to look from a single enterprise perspective. If it is a large organisation it tries to force the partners to follow its strategy. In terms of small or medium size companies they try to follow standards or the requests of larger organisations. However, the investment to improve the business is located within single partners of the network. This raises the question of which technology and standard will be suitable in the future. The related technology changes can require high investments. The question arises which technology, standard, IT system, architecture, model should be used. The paper will discuss the use of enterprise models together with open source utilities to reduce the risk of loss of investments. Starting with the identification of requirements in the form of as-is models, the development of conceptual to-be models, the enrichment to implementation models and finally a realisation model that guides the implementation. In terms of a vision the paper will especially focus on the options for the software implementation and reduction of costs of change. © 2022 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Investments

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The Use of Digital Twins to Overcome Semantic Barriers in Hyperconnected Ecosystems for Industry

The Use of Digital Twins to Overcome Semantic Barriers in Hy...

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2022 Interoperability for Enterprise systems and Applications Workshops, I-ESA Workshops 2022

作者： Jaekel, Frank-Walter Gering, Patrick Knothe, Thomas Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 BerlinD-10587 Germany

To establish business networks a match between businesses demands and potential partner information is required. Publicly available information on the Internet about companies, products and services usually don’t follow a common standard. The concept of a digital twin could be used to organise the different information and, in the future, to harmonise the way company data is made available on the web. Every company usually has a web presence, related documents, web pages and a trace on the web, which can be used for an initial structure of the digital twin. Hereby, first services for the correlations between partner companies and requirements can be designed. But it requires the management of legal aspects e.g. the access of bots to the public available information. The paper provides initial ideas and feasibility checks and it propose an evolution of the current heterogeneous content and structure of the data into a well-structured digital twin including content related ontologies to describe the company characteristics. © 2022 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supply chains

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Semi-automatic process control for efficient refurbishment of turbine blades 23

Semi-automatic process control for efficient refurbishment o...

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23rd International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2023

作者： Uhlmann, E. Polte, J. Mühlich, C. Mönchinger, S. Ebrahimi, P. Technische Universität Berlin Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management IWF Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany Gestalt Robotics GmbH Germany Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781998999132

The refurbishment of turbine blades requires the precise removal of damaged surface coatings. In manufacturing companies, this usually involves time-consuming activities such as detecting residual coatings and adapting process settings to varying turbine blade geometries. The use of automated systems therefore opens up opportunities to improve the efficiency of turbine blade refurbishment processes by replacing manual tasks. This paper presents an conceptual approach for a semi-automatic decoating process of turbine blades that integrates abrasive blasting technology into a closed loop process control system. The experimental setup consists of a robot for guiding the turbine blade in a blast machine and a nozzle system for local removal of residual coatings using abrasive material. Based on image processing the residual coatings of a turbine blade are labeled by a neural network and mapped to a 3D model of the turbine blade, which is used by a software control system to coordinate the decoating process. Using a prototype setup this paper investigates the applicability of the proposed approach and evaluates its feasibility. © 2023 Euspen Headquarters.

关键词： Turbomachine blades

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Effect of thermo-mechanical conditions during constrained friction processing on the particle refinement of AM50 Mg-alloy phases

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2298-2311页

作者： Camila Caroline de Castro AndréMartins Neves Benjamin Klusemann Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Material and Process DesignSolid-State Materials Processing21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Hydrogen TechnologySystem Design for Mobility21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmut Schmidt University/University of the German Federal Armed Forces Hamburg Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering22043 HamburgGermany Leuphana University Lüneburg Institute for Production Technology and Systems21335 LüneburgGermany

Constrained Friction Processing(CFP)is a novel solid-state processing technique suitable for lightweight materials,such Mg-and *** technique enables grain size refinement to fine or even ultrafine *** this study,the effect of CFP on the microstructural refinement of AM50 rods is investigated in terms of particle size and morphology of the eutectic and secondary phases originally present in the base material,in particular the eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)and Al-Mn *** that purpose,as-cast and solution heat-treated base material and processed samples were *** Al_(8)Mn_(5) intermetallic phase was identified as the main secondary phase present in all samples before and after the processing.A notorious refinement of these particles was observed,starting from particles with an average equivalent length of a few micrometers to around 560 nm after the *** refinement of the secondary phase refinement is attributed to a mechanism analogous to the attrition comminution,where the combination of temperature increase and shearing of the material enables the continuous breaking of the brittle intermetallic particles into smaller *** for the eutectic phase,the results indicate the presence of the partially divorcedβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles exclusively in the as-cast base material,indicating that no further phase transformations regarding the eutectic phase,such as dynamic precipitation,occurred after the *** the case of the processed as-cast material analyzed after the CFP,the thermal energy generated during the processing led to temperature values above the solvus limit of the eutectic phase,which associated with the mechanical breakage of the particles,enabled the complete dissolution of this ***,CFP was successfully demonstrated to promote an extensive microstructure refinement in multiple aspects,in terms of grain sizes of theα-Mg phase and presence and morphology of the Al-Mn and eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12).

关键词： Constrained friction processing AM50 Refill friction stir spot welding Extrusion β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) Al-Mn phases

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ABRASIVE PROPERTIES OF MAGNETO-RHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS FOR IMMERSED TUMBLING PROCESSES 38

ABRASIVE PROPERTIES OF MAGNETO-RHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS FOR IMMERS...

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38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Precision Engineering, ASPE 2023

作者： Sordon, Fabian Ludwig, Jonas Schreiner, Valentin Hocke, Toni Uhlmann, Eckart Maas, Jürgen Mechatronic Systems Lab EMK Technische Universität Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management IWF Technische Universität Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781887706599

Micro-milling tools, widely used in industrial environments for manufacturing micro- and precision components, experience premature tool failure primarily due to cutting edge wear. In immersed tumbling processes, the cutting edges can be post-processed to gain homogeneous edge radii and reduce the tool wear. However, immersed tumbling processes exhibit limitations in the adjustability of the cutting edge geometry as well as difficulties in the directed processing of main and secondary cutting edges. Therefore, a novel immersed tumbling process using magnetorheological fluids (MRF) is investigated to enable a directed processing method in an applied magnetic field. The focus of this work is to identify a suitable composition of the MRF for an increased abrasive effect on high-speed steels. For this purpose, variously composed MRF samples are blended with abrasive particles and then examined using a custom-designed test bench that replicates the immersed tumbling process. The material removal rate on high-speed steel specimens is determined by optical analysis of the edge rounding of the samples before and after the abrasive process in order to find an optimized abrasive MRF composition with the highest material removal rate on high-speed steels. © 2023 Proceedings - ASPE 2023 Annual Meeting. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetorheological fluids

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