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An Overview of the Integrated Formalism RT-Z

Formal Aspects of Computing 2022年第2期13卷 94–110页

作者： Carsten Sühl Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (FIRST) Berlin Germany DE

We present an integration of the formal specification languages Z and timed CSP, called RT-Z, incorporating their combined strengths in a coherent frame. To cope with complex systems, RT-Z is equipped with structuring constructs built on top of the integration, because both Z and timed CSP lack appropriate facilities. The formal semantics of RT-Z, based on the denotational semantics of Z and timed CSP, is a prerequisite for preciseness and mathematical rigour. RT-Z is intended to be used in the requirements definition and design phases of the system and software development process. The envisaged application area is the development of real-time embedded systems.

关键词： Keywords: Embedded systems Formal methods Real-time Timed CSP Z

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The Radeox Wiki render engine 06

The Radeox Wiki render engine

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WikiSym'06 - 2006 International Symposium on Wikis

作者： Jugel, Matthias L. Schmidt, Stephan J. Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Kekuléstr. 7 12489 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)1595934138

The Radeox Wiki markup render engine is a basic component for the construction of a Wiki or any system that wishes to integrate basic Wiki functionality. With the availablility of such a component the compatibility of different Wiki systems can be improved and the simplicity of the Wiki way is now ready for deployment in business applications. This paper explains how this component emerged from its host Wiki SnipSnap and how it enables software developers to integrate the Wiki way into their own implementations and other software. Copyright 2006 ACM.

关键词： Search engines

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The use of the UML within the modelling process of modelica-models

The use of the UML within the modelling process of modelica-...

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1st International Workshop on Equation-Based Object-Oriented Languages and Tools, EOOLT 2007 - In Conjunction with the ECOOP 2007 Conference

作者： Nytsch-Geusen, Christoph Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Kekuléstr. 7 12489 Berlin Germany

This paper presents the use of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) in the context of object-oriented modelling and simulation of hybrid systems with Modelica. The definition of a specialized version of UML for the graphical description and model based development of hybrid systems in Modelica - the UMLH - was taken place in the GENSIM project [1, 2]. For a better support of the modelling process, an UMLH editor with different views (class diagrams, statechart diagrams, collaboration diagrams) was implemented as a part of the Modelica simulation tool MOSILAB [3]. In the EOOLTworkshop the use of UMLH and its semantics will be demonstrated by the development of a simplified model of a Pool-Billiard game in Modelica.

关键词： Hybrid systems

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Control variant-rich models by variability measures 11

Control variant-rich models by variability measures

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Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Variability Modeling of software-Intensive Systems

作者： Mann, Stefan Rock, Georg Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology FIRST Kekuléstrabe 7 12489 Berlin Germany University of Applied Science Trier Computer Science Department Schneidershof 54293 Trier Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450305709

The embedded systems market and especially the software part of it is growing drastically in automotive industry. Today we see that the value of software or functionality that is realized using software within cars is about 35% of the value of the car itself. We have typically more than 70 embedded control units (ECUs) in a car with functionality realized and controlled by software. The standardization of communication interfaces and operating system functionality as for example realized by AUTOSAR facilitates the distributed development of software. But the needs to produce software in time and in budget remain still a main task in automotive software industry. To cope with tight project plans, process models based on product line technology promise a good chance to be successful. Nevertheless, the need to control the product development remains still one of the most important questions in this area. The work presented here gives some new insights into the definition and application of measures with special emphasis on the variability aspects used within a product line development. Several known techniques as for example atomic sets or formal variability analysis are revisited and used within the context of variability metrics. The measures are categorized and can be used within a project to control and manage the defined variability. Copyright 2011 ACM.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Reducing domains for search in clp(Fd) and its application to job-shop scheduling 1st

Reducing domains for search in clp(Fd) and its application t...

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1st International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming, CP 1995

作者： Goltz, Hans-Joachim Research Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology GMD-FIRST Rudower Chaussee 5 BerlinD-12489 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540602992

This paper describes a generalization of the "labelling" search strategy and its application to scheduling problems. The assignment of a value to the selected variable is replaced by reduction of the domain of the variable. This strategy can be applied for solving problems modelled in CLP(FD). We discuss the application of this domain-reducing strategy to the well-known problem of 10 x 10 job-shop scheduling. The computation results obtained using this strategy show its advantages. A good solution, coming to within 3% of the optimal solution, is generated in less than 1 second, using only a simple heuristics for variable selection and domain reduction. Compared with the standard strategy, the domain-reducing strategy exhibits more robustness with respect to the given planning horizon. Assuming that there is a choice of machines, a good solution can be generated with the same strategy, deviating from the optimal solution by less than 4%. Our experience has shown that the domain-reducing strategy is suitable as a basic search strategy for solving job-shop problems by means of CLP, allowing good (near-to-optimum) solutions to be computed fast. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995.

关键词： Job shop scheduling

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Process-oriented collaboration in grid-environments: A case study in the construction industry

Process-oriented collaboration in grid-environments: A case ...

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15th Americas Conference on Information Systems 2009, AMCIS 2009

作者： Dollmann, Thorsten Fellmann, Michael Thomas, Oliver Loos, Peter Hoheisel, Andreas Katranuschkov, Peter Scherer, Raimar J. Saarland University Saarbruecken Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Berlin Germany Institute of Construction Informatics TU Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781615675814

This paper addresses the process-oriented collaboration based on a grid-based platform for the support of virtual organizations (VO), illustrated on the example of the construction industry. Distributed, organizational and IT-structures of teams involved in vintage complex projects cannot be managed with conventional methods in an appropriate manner. Both using a grid platform and grid-based services, in conjunction with semantic methods for consistency saving and goal-oriented process management can increase the efficiency of collaboration processes in large-scale projects. A hybrid grid- and web service-based architecture for the next generation of VO service and a gateway solution was developed integrating the process-oriented perspective and prototypically implemented. The problem, as well as the solution on the basis of the hybrid system architecture combing the benefits of the cutting-edge technologies, the methodical concept for modeling VO processes and their automated execution on a grid platform are discussed in detail.

关键词： Web services

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GENERIC PROGRAMMING OF PARALLEL APPLICATIONS WITH JANUS

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Parallel Processing Letters 2002年第2期12卷 175-190页

作者： JENS GERLACH Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (FIRST) Kekuléstraße 7 12489 Berlin Germany

Janus is a conceptual framework and C++ template library that provides a flexible and extensible collection of efficient data structures and algorithms for a broad class of data-parallel applications. In particular, finite difference methods, (adaptive) finite element methods, and data-parallel graph algorithms are supported. An outstanding advantage of providing a generic C++ framework is that it provides application-oriented abstractions that achieve high performance without relying on language extension or non-standard compiler technology. The C++ template mechanism allows to plug user-defined types into the Janus data structures and algorithms. Moreover, Janus components can easily be combined with standard software packages of this field.

关键词： Generic programming parallel programming scientific computing

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Lowering HPF procedure interface to a canonical representation 10th

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10th Annual International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, LCPC 1997

作者： Borowiec, Jan Veen, Arthur GMD FIRST Research Institute For Computer Architecture and Software Technology Rudower Chaussee 5 Berlin12489 Germany Parallel Computing Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)3540644725

Handling the procedure interface in an HPF compiler is complex due to the many possible combinations of Fortran 90/HPF properties of an actual array argument and its associated dummy argument. This paper describes an algorithm that reduces this complexity by mapping all the combinations of properties to a small set of canonical Internal Representations. These internal representations as well as the necessary run-time descriptors are also described. The algorithm has been implemented in the commercial HPF compiler produced by the Prepare project. © 1998, Springer-Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Program compilers

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An Evaluation of the Performance of DPWS on Embedded Devices in a Body Area Network

An Evaluation of the Performance of DPWS on Embedded Devices...

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International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (AINAW)

作者： Robert Hilbrich Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Berlin Germany

In view of the aging society, intelligent devices pervading everyday life are faced with important challenges, such as the ease of use and the ease of configuration. The whole potential of using a body area network with several sensors to monitor vital functions of a human body can only be tapped, if the sensors used are highly specialized and tightly integrated to collaborate in a decentralized way and exhibit true plug-and-play behavior. Although the aspect of interconnecting vital sensors close to the human body bears a variety of technical challenges in itself, the development of the necessary abstraction layer in software to hide the heterogeneity of the highly specialized sensor boards is confronted with even higher challenges as these devices are often equipped with very limited resources to reduce power consumption. However, this abstraction layer is a necessary prerequisite to facilitate the development of software for a body area network with the previously mentioned characteristics. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to evaluate the performance and overhead of using web services on embedded devices to implement an abstraction layer for a body area network. In several experiments, two different implementations of the Devices Profile for Web Services (DPWS) were evaluated: the Microsoft . NET Micro Framework and the open-source DPWS-plugin from the Web Services for Devices initiative. These were used to measure absolute latencies and the "web service overhead" in the communication between three different types of resource-constraint devices.

关键词： Body area networks Web services Intelligent sensors Humans Aging Monitoring Collaboration Sensor phenomena and characterization Energy consumption Open source software

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From AUTOSAR Models to Co-simulation for MiL-Testing in the Automotive Domain

From AUTOSAR Models to Co-simulation for MiL-Testing in the ...

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International Conference on software Testing, Verification, and Validation, ICST

作者： Marcus Mews Jaroslav Svacina Stephan Weißleder Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science Technische Universität Berlin Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology FIRST Berlin Germany

Models in testing are important for describing, understanding, and managing tests. In the automotive domain, AUTOSAR is an important standard to model components of electronic control units. AUTOSAR, however, lacks information about tests or test scenarios. Early testing in the automotive domain is often done by Model-in-the-Loop simulation. Simulations of several components are run in different environments, each. Thus, they need to be connected (co-simulated) for integration testing of these components, e.g., via simulator coupling. This paper is focused on closing the gap between AUTOSAR models and co-simulation-based test scenarios that use simulator coupling. Our main contribution is the definition of a modeling language to describe test environments. The instances of this language can be derived from existing AUTOSAR models and can also be used to automatically generate co-simulation-based test environments. Furthermore, we provide a workflow to integrate this model in the engineering process and an experiment report to demonstrate the applicability and the advantages of the approach.

关键词： Testing software Automotive engineering Couplings Connectors Adaptation models Data models

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