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Concept for a GaN-Based Intelligent Motor Controller with Integrated Failure Prediction for the Inverter and the Drive

Concept for a GaN-Based Intelligent Motor Controller with In...

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2024 International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, PCIM Europe 2024

作者： Schellenberger, Martin Hofmann, Maximilian Blechinger, Christoph Mensing, Michael Gensch, Marc Westerhoff, David Barylla, Patrick Kapels, Holger Stanitzki, Alexander Krupp, Lukas Lüdecke, André Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISB Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Silicon Technology ISIT Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800762620

Power electronics based on gallium nitride (GaN) or silicon carbide enable more efficient and compact drives for industry and mobility - with particularly demanding requirements for dynamics and reliability. In the joint research project "PowerCare", three fraunhofer institutes combine their expertise to research a novel, miniaturized motor controller with integrated real-time failure prediction, yielding increased time-to-market for novel power electronics in mission critical applications. The custom controller combines integrated fault prediction for both the inverter electronics and the motor, utilizing a domain-specific RISC-V processor. This paper gives an insight into the system concepts for modelling the degradation of power electronics and the motor in electrical drive systems. Additionally, opportunities and application scenarios of vertical GaN MOSFETs and intelligent motor controllers are highlighted, and initial development results are provided. © VDE VERLAG GMBH · Berlin · Offenbach.

关键词： Gallium nitride

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Influences on rPPG-Based Spatial Blood Perfusion Maps

Influences on rPPG-Based Spatial Blood Perfusion Maps

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作者： Kobel, Svenja Nicola Wuerich, Carolin Ernst, Anna Lotta Fusshoeller, Eva Grueter, Jan Niclas Haendler, Jakob Wiede, Christian Seidl, Karsten Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Duisburg Germany University Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany

Recent studies show the feasibility of using local remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) for non-contact blood perfusion assessment by creating spatial pulsatile blood perfusion maps. While global rPPG has been widely studied for its robustness, e.g. for non-contact measurement of heart rate, local analyses pose greater challenges in terms of noise suppression and thus reliability. In this paper, the effect of temperature and illumination changes on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) perfusion maps is analysed. The results show the importance of consistent temperature and controlled illumination for improving SNR and ensuring reliable blood perfusion measurements using rPPG. This emphasises the need for standardised external conditions for accurate interpretation of the results and medical applicability. © 2024 The Author(s),

关键词： Photoplethysmography

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Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array detector for high-throughput fluorescence lifetime flow cytometry

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Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2023年第1期9卷 363-366页

作者： Rottmann, Jonas Schierbaum, Nicolas Netaev, Alexander Ligges, Manuel Seidl, Karsten Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Finkenstraße 61 Duisburg Germany Department of Electronic Components and Circuits University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany

Time-domain measurement of the fluorescence lifetime in flow cytometry offers a complementary method to traditional flow cytometry, especially for the analysis of cells and biomolecules. Short measurement times due to high throughputs (cells/s) make a suited detector mandatory for a sufficient detection of the fluorescence signal and therefore the application of this method. We summarize the requirements for a suited detector for time resolved flow cytometry (TRFC) and present a new developed SPAD array detector with 100 pixels and 340 ns time between measurement windows, allowing a high-throughput of up to 60,000 cells/s. The functionality of the detector is shown with the measurement of a 22.2 ns laser pulse, making it applicable for an improved TRFC. © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Particle beams

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Comparative Analysis of Color Models for improved rPPG Signals in Remote Blood Pressure Measurement

Comparative Analysis of Color Models for improved rPPG Signa...

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作者： Wuerich, Carolin Heinrich, Kira Wiede, Christian Seidl, Karsten Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Duisburg Germany Department of Electronic Components and Circuits University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany

The quality of remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signals presents a significant challenge in contactless optical blood pressure measurement. Feature and morphologybased approaches heavily rely on subtle changes in signal characteristics, but rPPG signals are highly susceptible to noise and interference. This study aims to evaluate rPPG signal quality by assessing correlation with a reference PPG and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) across various color models and rPPG methods. Analyses are performed under different measurement conditions, accounting for common sources of signal artifacts. © 2024 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Blood pressure

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Towards Integrated 3D Microbatteries: Study of LiPON on Porous Electrodes

Towards Integrated 3D Microbatteries: Study of LiPON on Poro...

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MikroSystemTechnik Kongress 2023: Mikroelektronik, Mikrosystemtechnik und ihre Anwendungen - Nachhaltigkeit und TechnologiesouveranitatMicrosystems Technology Congress 2023: microelectronics, Microsystems Technology and their Applications - Sustainability and Technology Sovereignty

作者： Cipo, Julia Neubieser, Rahel-Manuela Mörtel, Reinhard Lisec, Thomas Michel, Marvin Lofink, Fabian Gojdka, Björn Fraunhofer Institute for Silicon Technology ISIT Itzehoe Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Duisburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800762040

The demand for higher surface and energy densities in 3D all-solid-state microbatteries (ASSMB) is increasing. The state-of-the-art primarily involves thin film batteries, in which the 3D aspect is achieved by deposition of solid-state electrodes and electrolytes on high aspect ratio structures, such as nanotubes or finger-like structures. Our aim is to develop 3D powder-based electrodes for substrate-integrated microbatteries by mimicking the electrode fabrication in macrobatteries. Here, lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) is used as a solid-state electrolyte on porous powder-based electrodes. The study demonstrates the successful solidification of electrode powders by LiPON thin films. © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach.

关键词： Deposition

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Contactless Camera-Based Detection of Oxygen Desaturation Events and ODI Estimation During Sleep in SAS Patients

Contactless Camera-Based Detection of Oxygen Desaturation Ev...

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17th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2024

作者： Alić, Belmin Tauber, Samuel Viga, Reinhard Wiede, Christian Seidl, Karsten Department of Electronic Components and Circuits University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems Duisburg Germany

Recurrent nocturnal breathing cessation leads to the reduction of the blood oxygen level and eventually to oxygen desaturation. Oxygen desaturation events are traditionally detected during a polysomnography in a sleep laboratory. In this work, a contactless camera-based oxygen desaturation detection and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) estimation method based on the analysis of multispectral videos is proposed. The method is based on the extraction and analysis of remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signals at wavelengths of 780 nm and 940 nm from the forehead and a breath temperature signal via far-infrared (FIR) thermography from the subnasal region. A manual feature extraction is designed to extract relevant medical and physiological parameters out of the aforementioned signals in order to design a Feed-Forward Neural Network (FFNN)-based classifier, which classifies between periods with and without desaturation events. For the evaluation of the proposed method, a patient dataset involving 23 symptomatic sleep apnea patients is collected. The classification accuracy between desaturation events and periods without a desaturation based on the leave-one-patient-out cross-validation (LOPOCV) metric is 95.4%. The ODI stage estimation resulted in a correct estimation in 22 out of 23 patients for a two-stage ODI classification and in a correct estimation in 21 out of 23 patients for a four-stage ODI classification. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS–Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Photoplethysmography

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Contactless camera-based AHI score estimation in SAS patients

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Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2023年第1期9卷 218-221页

作者： Alic, Belmin Zauber, Tim Viga, Reinhard Seidl, Karsten Wiede, Christian Seidl, Karsten Department of Electronic Components and Circuits University of Duisburg-Essen Bismarckstr. 81 Duisburg Germany Department of Electronic Components and Circuits University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems Duisburg Germany

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a common sleeprelated breathing disorder characterized by recurring cessations of airflow during sleep. The gold standard for diagnosing SAS is polysomnography (PSG) which requires the patient to spend one or several nights in a sleep clinic. A PSG involves a significant amount of contact-based sensors, which leads to discomfort and deviations in sleep behavior. In this work, a contactless, multispectral camera-based approach for the autonomous detection of events of nocturnal airflow reduction is presented. The detected events are further employed in estimators of sleep diagnostic metrics, such as the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the SAS stage. The AHI estimation resulted in a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.9993. The SAS stage estimator correctly predicted the SAS stage for all three recruited patients. © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Data fusion

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A High Temperature SOI-CMOS Chipset Focusing Sensor Electronics for Operating Temperatures up to 300°C

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Journal of microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 2022年第1期19卷 1-7页

作者： Kappert, Holger Braun, Sebastian Kordas, Norbert Kosfeld, Andre Utz, Alexander Weber, Constanze Rämer, Olaf Spanier, Malte Ihle, Martin Ziesche, Steffen Kokozinski, Rainer Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Duisburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Dresden Germany Department of Electronic Components and Circuits University Duisburg- Essen Duisburg Germany

Sensors are the key elements for capturing environmental properties and are increasingly important in the industry for the intelligent control of industrial processes. While in many everyday objects highly integrated sensor systems are already state of the art, the situation in an industrial environment is clearly different. Frequently, the use of sensor systems is impossible, because the extreme ambient conditions of industrial processes like high operating temperatures or strong mechanical load do not allow the reliable operation of sensitive electronic components. fraunhofer is running the Lighthouse Project "eHarsh"to overcome this hurdle. In the course of the project, an integrated sensor readout electronic has been realized based on a set of three chips. A dedicated sensor frontend provides the analog sensor interface for resistive sensors typically arranged in a Wheatstone configuration. Furthermore, the chipset includes a 32-bit microcontroller for signal conditioning and sensor control. Finally, it comprises an interface chip including a bus transceiver and voltage regulators. The chipset has been realized in a high-temperature 0.35-micron SOI-CMOS technology focusing operating temperatures up to 300_C. The chipset is assembled on a multilayer ceramic low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) board using flip chip technology. The ceramic board consists of four layers with a total thickness of approximately 0.9 mm. The internal wiring is based on silver paste while the external contacts were alternatively manufactured in silver (sintering/soldering) or in gold alloys (wire bonding). As an interconnection technology, silver sintering has been applied. It has already been shown that a significant increase in lifetime can be reached by using silver sintering for die attach applications. Using silver sintering for flip chip technology is a new and challenging approach. By adjusting the process parameter geared to the chipset design and the design of the ceramic bo

关键词： Silver

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Integrated High Temperature Electronics for Sensors in Harsh Environments 21

Integrated High Temperature Electronics for Sensors in Harsh...

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21. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung Sensoren und Messsysteme - 21st ITG/GMA Conference on Sensors and Measuring systems

作者： Kordas, N. Kappert, H. Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS Duisburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800758364

As part of the fraunhofer Lighthouse project "eHarsh" conducted by eight fraunhofer institutes, a universal chipset was designed for the readout of sensors in harsh environments. The SOI-CMOS technology used was especially developed for high-temperature applications and allows operating temperatures of up to 300 °C. The chipset consists of an analogue sensor front-end IC for resistive sensors, a microcontroller and an interface IC. Measurements of the analog frontend IC show functional performance up to 300 °C and only aslight decrease of the measured SNR from 87 dB at 25 °C to 84 dB at high temperatures. © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach.

关键词： High temperature applications

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Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array detector for high-throughput fluorescence lifetime flow cytometry

Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array detector for high...

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关键词： Particle beams

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