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An adaptive synthetic sampling and batch generation-oriented hybrid approach for addressing class imbalance problem in software defect prediction

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Soft Computing 2024年第23期28卷 13595-13614页

作者： Taskeen, Anam Khan, Saif Ur Rehman Mashkoor, Atif Islamabad45550 Pakistan Islamabad45550 Pakistan Institute of Software Systems Engineering Johannes Kepler University Altenbergerstraße 69 Linz4040 Austria

Learning classifiers with uneven class distribution datasets poses a significant challenge in software defect prediction. This problem arises when the number of samples representing one class is significantly smaller than the others, leading to weak classification performance, particularly for minority class instances. Traditional classification models assuming equal class instances can result in low prediction accuracy and decision-making precision for minority class instances, raising concerns about identifying such instances accurately. To overcome this issue, this research proposes a hybrid technique that combines the Adaptive Synthetic Sampling (ADASYN) approach with a batch generator named the HADAB technique. ADASYN generates synthetic samples for the minority class, balancing the dataset and improving prediction accuracy. Conversely, the batch generator feeds data to the model in batches, enhancing training efficiency. The Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) serves as the base classifier in this study. The proposed HADAB technique significantly improves prediction accuracy and training efficiency without requiring additional parameter tuning, algorithm modification, or increasing complexity. We validate the performance of HADAB using publicly available NASA datasets encompassing diverse types. The results demonstrate the superiority of HADAB over traditional prediction accuracy methods. In conclusion, the proposed HADAB technique offers a practical and effective solution for handling class imbalance in software defect prediction, leading to improved prediction accuracy. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Prediction models

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Artificial Intelligence Applications for Resilience in Manufacturing-A Systematic Literature Review 6

Artificial Intelligence Applications for Resilience in Manuf...

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6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication, ICAIIC 2024

作者： Maier, Florian A. Puppala, Sivaphani Oberle, Michael Software Defined Energy-Cell Manufacturing Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Center for Digitalized Battery Cell Manufacturing Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Centre for Digital Tools in Manufacturing Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350344349

This review provides a structured literature analysis of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in enhancing manufacturing resilience. The research is guided by three primary questions addressing the use cases, technologies, and benefits of AI across the five resilience phases: Prepare, Prevent, Protect, Respond, and Recover. Findings from 78 papers reveal that AI significantly contributes to predictive maintenance, risk mitigation, and quality control, with machine learning and deep learning being the predominant technologies. The study highlights the pivotal role of AI in advancing manufacturing towards proactive, resilient, and adaptable operations. The insights gleaned offer a roadmap for future research and practical AI integration in manufacturing, underscoring the value of AI in driving industrial innovation and efficiency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Brick by Brick - Findings of an of-the-Shelf Automation System Application for Building Block Component Group Disassembly 9

Brick by Brick - Findings of an of-the-Shelf Automation Syst...

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9th International Conference on Mechanical engineering and Robotics Research, ICMERR 2025

作者： Briechle, Dominique Geger, Tobias Schartow, Lena Rausch, Andreas Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Clausthal University of Technology Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509262

Automation is one of the key drivers in today's global economy. It ensures the conduction of a manifold of standardized processes which helps tackle the decreasing amount of skilled workers in certain areas as well as reducing cost. Although automation is broadly used nowadays, the overall applicability of automated processes is often limited to use cases with predefined process steps of minor flexibility. However, new and upcoming sustainable industries that are focusing on product life-cycle prolonging (e.g. repair, refurbish, and remanufacture (3Rs)) options to enable Circular Economy-friendly treatment, require a high amount of adaptability in automated systems to tackle the high variability of product compositions in disassembly scenarios. The goal of the conducted case study is therefore to investigate the possibilities of a nowadays available of-the-shelf automation system regarding its functions and mechanisms towards enabling automated adaptability by using disassembly scenarios of component groups consisting of different building blocks as an example scenario and the concluding future research areas. The paper, therefore, investigates the different methods offered by the default system and applies them to various levels of disassembly scenarios. The conducted study helps to clarify the capabilities of the system's functionalities in the overall goal to enhance adaptability in disassembly processes. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Automation Circular Economy Cobots Computer Vision Disassembly

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Design of a ML-based trust prediction model using intelligent TrustBoxes in challenged networks

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International Journal of systems, Control and Communications 2024年第3期15卷 209-234页

作者： Barai, Smritikona Kundu, Anindita Bhaumik, Parama Department of Computer Science and Engineering Heritage Institute of Technology Kolkata India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu India Department of Information Technology Jadavpur University Kolkata India

Challenged networks (CNs) contain resource-constrained nodes deployed in regions where human intervention is difficult. Opportunistic networks (OppNets) are CNs with no predefined source-to-destination paths. Due to their inherent properties, CNs and OppNets are highly susceptible to black-hole (BH) attacks, resulting in degraded packet-delivery ratio. In this work, an ML-based trust prediction model (MLTPM) is proposed to identify potential BH nodes in OppNets. MLTPM uses a novel function to calculate the total-trust-value (TTV) of each node. Intelligent TrustBoxes are introduced in the network to identify possible BH nodes, using TTV, along with five more node-behaviour features. TrustBoxes reduce the computational overhead of the resource-constrained nodes. Three simulated scenarios are compared - no detection, non-ML-based detection, and MLTPM, each using epidemic, prophet, and spray-and-wait routing protocols. MLTPM performs best with spray-and-wait, exhibiting about 25.21% and 80% mean improvement in delivery-ratio and dropped-message numbers respectively, compared to non-ML-based detection. An overall 12.62% improvement in delivery-ratio and 26.7% improvement in dropped messages is observed using MLTPM, compared to the above-mentioned scenarios. © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： HTTP

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Foreword to the 1st InternationalWorkshop on Methodological Issues with Empirical Studies in software engineering (WSESE'24)

Foreword to the 1st InternationalWorkshop on Methodological ...

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Methodological Issues with Empirical Studies in software engineering (WSESE), IEEE/ACM International Workshop on

作者： Sira Vegas Andreas Jedlitschka Jeffrey C. Carver Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering Kaiserslautern Germany University of Alabama Tuscaloosa USA

ISBN: (数字)9798400705670

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388688

In the field of software engineering (SE), researchers and practitioners develop new methods, techniques, tools, processes, theories, and principles. The primary goal of SE is to assist practitioners in making informed decisions about the utilization of methods to create their solutions. The objective of empiricism in SE is twofold: (1) serving as a meaningful research paradigm for a discipline not based on natural laws, and (2) providing professionals with evidence regarding the appropriateness of various methods in a given context. To achieve these goals, researchers conduct empirical studies (e.g., experiments, case studies, or surveys) and synthesize their findings to gain a comprehensive understanding.

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Flexible assembly planning for self-organizing production cells 6

Flexible assembly planning for self-organizing production ce...

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6th International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing, ISM 2024

作者： Lehner, Christian Kosak, Oliver Ponsar, Hella Reif, Wolfgang Institute for Software & Systems Engineering University of Augsburg Universitätsstraße 2 Augsburg86159 Germany

In the era of Industry 4.0 and individualized mass customization, the demand for adaptable manufacturing systems is paramount. Therefore, assembly plans used in such systems must also allow a high degree of flexibility to adapt to changing requirements and conditions. At the same time, they must still guarantee the successful execution of the assembly process. In this paper, we present a novel approach to modeling assembly plans in the context of an ongoing, larger project in which we intend to implement flexible manufacturing in a real production cell. In our assembly plans, we specifically emphasize flexibility regarding the order of assembly steps, the allocation of appropriate teams of robots to execute these steps with applicable parts, and the ability to respond to failures in the system. We present a comprehensible modeling of flexible assembly plans, accompanied by the semantics of Petri nets, illustrated by example, and comparatively evaluated against other approaches. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Flexible manufacturing systems

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Municipal AI integration: a structured approach

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Frontiers of Urban and Rural Planning 2025年第1期3卷 1-11页

作者： Eichholz, Lutz Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering IESE Kaiserslautern Germany

This research aims to develop a structured approach for implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in municipal governance. The study addresses three key questions: (1) What principles can be derived from existing AI implementation frameworks? (2) How should an approach for municipal AI projects be designed? (3) What are the main risks at each implementation stage? The research methodology combined three components: (1) a literature review of AI and software implementation approaches and municipal challenges, (2) analysis of findings from long-term collaborations with German municipalities and two specific AI implementation projects, and (3) low-threshold validation through two webinars with municipal representatives. The study produced an eight-phase implementation framework emphasizing iterative experimentation and risk awareness, while highlighting the distinct challenges of AI compared to traditional software implementation. Key phases include task identification, AI suitability assessment, data evaluation, solution development/procurement, MVP creation, testing, operational transition, and continuous monitoring. Each phase incorporates AI-specific steps and risk factors tailored to municipal contexts. While the framework provides practical guidance for municipal AI implementation, positioning cities for the gradual transition toward post-smart cities with AI-enabled governance, its current foundation primarily reflects German municipal experiences. Further research and case studies are needed to validate and adapt the framework for diverse global contexts.

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WIP: An Engaging Undergraduate Intro to Model Checking in software engineering Using TLA+

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Läufer, Konstantin Mertin, Gunda Thiruvathukal, George K. Software and Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Loyola University Chicago United States Institute for Software Engineering and Programming Languages University of Lübeck Germany

Background: In this Innovative Practice Work in Progress, we present our initial efforts to integrate formal methods, with a focus on model-checking specifications written in Temporal Logic of Actions (TLA+), into computer science education, targeting undergraduate juniors/seniors and graduate students. Many safety-critical systems and services crucially depend on correct and reliable behavior. Formal methods can play a key role in ensuring correct and safe system behavior, yet remain underutilized in educational and industry contexts. Aims: We aim to (1) qualitatively assess the state of formal methods in computer science programs, (2) construct level-appropriate examples that could be included midway into one’s undergraduate studies, (3) demonstrate how to address successive "failures" through progressively stringent safety and liveness requirements, and (4) establish an ongoing framework for assessing interest and relevance among students. Methods: We detail our pedagogical strategy for embedding TLA+ into an intermediate course on formal methods at our institution. After starting with a refresher on mathematical logic, students specify the rules of simple puzzles in TLA+ and use its included model checker (known as TLC) to find a solution. We gradually escalate to more complex, dynamic, event-driven systems, such as the control logic of a microwave oven, where students will study safety and liveness requirements. We subsequently discuss explicit concurrency, along with thread safety and deadlock avoidance, by modeling bounded counters and buffers. Results: Our initial findings suggest that through careful curricular design and choice of examples and tools, it is possible to inspire and cultivate a new generation of software engineers proficient in formal methods. Conclusions: Our initial efforts suggest that 84% of our students had a positive experience in our formal methods course. Our future plans include a longitudinal analysis within our own institution and

关键词： Students

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Challenges and Opportunities for Enabling the Next Generation of Cross-Domain Dataspaces 2

Challenges and Opportunities for Enabling the Next Generatio...

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2nd International Workshop on Semantics in Dataspaces, SDS 2024

作者： Deshmukh, Rohit A. Collarana, Diego Gelhaar, Joshua Theissen-Lipp, Johannes Lange, Christoph Arnold, Benedikt T. Curry, Edward Decker, Stefan Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT Sankt Augustin Germany RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST Dortmund Germany Insight Centre for Data Analytics University of Galway Galway Ireland

Dataspaces are regarded as a standardized solution for sharing data in a trusted way. However, providing and sharing high-quality data across dataspaces poses several scientific and technical challenges, opening new research avenues. Developing governance models and technologies for supporting cross-domain integration of data and services from the existing single-domain dataspaces represents a significant challenge. In this vision paper, we discuss the challenges for enabling next-generation dataspaces and propose an innovative approach that aims at developing a vision and identifying requirements and building blocks for next-generation dataspaces, followed by defining a roadmap and practical migration paths for the existing dataspaces towards the next-generation dataspaces. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

关键词： Interoperability

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A data quality assessment tool for agricultural structured data as support for smart farming 43

A data quality assessment tool for agricultural structured d...

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43. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Informatik in der Land-, Forst- und Ernahrungswirtschaft - Resiliente Agri-Food-Systeme: Herausforderungen und Losungsansatze, GIL 2023 - 43rd Annual Conference of the Society for Informatics in Agriculture, Forestry, and Food Industry - Resilient Agri-Food systems: Challenges and Solutions, GIL 2023

作者： Schroth, Christof Kelbert, Patricia Vollmer, Anna Maria Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering IESE Department Data Science Fraunhofer-Platz 1 Kaiserslautern67663 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885797241

In the field of precision farming or smart farming, more and more sensors are used and produce a massive amount of data. Examples are machinery, weather stations, or georeferenced data, which can be used, among other things, by Artificial Intelligence decision support systems to improve or facilitate farmers’ daily work tasks. Even if there are no issues in transferring (Internet of Things) sensor data from machines to farm management information systems, data still contain errors such as missing, implausible, or incorrect data values. In this paper, we present an automated data quality assessment (DQA) tool based on the ISO25012 standard. We describe the process of how we developed this tool with support from practitioners who produce agricultural data in the context of the EU Horizon 2020 project DEMETER. Additionally, we highlight some of the requirements we collected for such a tool and briefly discuss how we addressed them. For example, we learned that in the context of developing smart farming services, the data quality dimensions Accuracy, Completeness, Consistency, and Credibility are the most important ones for practitioners such as farmers, digital service providers, or machine suppliers. Therefore, we included them in the DQA tool and implemented it in Python. It is released under the open-source Apache 2 license. Individual parameters can be provided as input for calculations (e.g., thresholds or time lengths) to meet different users’ needs. The output of the DQA is provided in machine-readable JSON format and can be used for further analysis, e.g., to improve the quality of the data collection or the followup data analysis. This can help practitioners develop more valuable smart farming services. © 2023 Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI). All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision support systems

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