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A Software Defect Prediction Method Using a Multivariate Heterogeneous Hybrid Deep Learning Algorithm

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3251-3279页

作者： Qi Fei Haojun Hu Guisheng Yin Zhian Sun College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China Information Technology Research Department Jiangsu Automation Research InstituteLianyungang222062China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Software defect prediction plays a critical role in software development and quality assurance processes. Effective defect prediction enables testers to accurately prioritize testing efforts and enhance defect detection efficiency. Additionally, this technology provides developers with a means to quickly identify errors, thereby improving software robustness and overall quality. However, current research in software defect prediction often faces challenges, such as relying on a single data source or failing to adequately account for the characteristics of multiple coexisting data sources. This approach may overlook the differences and potential value of various data sources, affecting the accuracy and generalization performance of prediction results. To address this issue, this study proposes a multivariate heterogeneous hybrid deep learning algorithm for defect prediction (DP-MHHDL). Initially, Abstract Syntax Tree (AST), Code Dependency Network (CDN), and code static quality metrics are extracted from source code files and used as inputs to ensure data diversity. Subsequently, for the three types of heterogeneous data, the study employs a graph convolutional network optimization model based on adjacency and spatial topologies, a Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-BiLSTM) hybrid neural network model, and a TabNet model to extract data features. These features are then concatenated and processed through a fully connected neural network for defect prediction. Finally, the proposed framework is evaluated using ten promise defect repository projects, and performance is assessed with three metrics: F1, Area under the curve (AUC), and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing methods, offering a novel solution for software defect prediction.

关键词： Software defect prediction multiple heterogeneous data graph convolutional network models based on adjacency and spatial topologies CNN-BiLSTM TabNet

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Data-driven output regulation control for constrained linear systems

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 338-353页

作者： Chaoyu XIA Yi DONG Chaoli WANG Shengyuan XU Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous SystemsTongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology Department of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology

This study introduces a data-driven approach for state and output feedback control addressing the constrained output regulation problem in unknown linear discrete-time systems. Our method ensures effective tracking performance while satisfying the state and input constraints, even when system matrices are not available. We first establish a sufficient condition necessary for the existence of a solution pair to the regulator equation and propose a data-based approach to obtain the feedforward and feedback control gains for state feedback control using linear programming. Furthermore, we design a refined Luenberger observer to accurately estimate the system state, while keeping the estimation error within a predefined set. By combining output regulation theory, we develop an output feedback control strategy. The stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously proved to be asymptotically stable by further leveraging the concept of λ-contractive sets.

关键词： output regulation constrained system data-driven.

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OCRBench: on the hidden mystery of OCR in large multimodal models

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 23-35页

作者： Yuliang LIU Zhang LI Mingxin HUANG Biao YANG Wenwen YU Chunyuan LI Xu-Cheng YIN Cheng-Lin LIU Lianwen JIN Xiang BAI School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of Technology Microsoft Research School of Computer & Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Large models have recently played a dominant role in natural language processing and multimodal vision-language learning. However, their effectiveness in text-related visual tasks remains relatively unexplored. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of large multimodal models, such as GPT4V and Gemini, in various text-related visual tasks including text recognition, scene text-centric visual question answering(VQA), document-oriented VQA, key information extraction(KIE), and handwritten mathematical expression recognition(HMER). To facilitate the assessment of optical character recognition(OCR) capabilities in large multimodal models, we propose OCRBench, a comprehensive evaluation benchmark. OCRBench contains 29 datasets, making it the most comprehensive OCR evaluation benchmark available. Furthermore, our study reveals both the strengths and weaknesses of these models, particularly in handling multilingual text, handwritten text, non-semantic text, and mathematical expression *** importantly, the baseline results presented in this study could provide a foundational framework for the conception and assessment of innovative strategies targeted at enhancing zero-shot multimodal *** evaluation pipeline and benchmark are available at https://***/Yuliang-Liu/Multimodal OCR.

关键词： large multimodal model OCR text recognition scene text-centric VQA document-oriented VQA key information extraction handwritten mathematical expression recognition

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Attention-Guided Integration of CLIP and SAM for Precise Object Masking in Robotic Manipulation

Attention-Guided Integration of CLIP and SAM for Precise Obj...

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2025 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration, SII 2025

作者： Muttaqien, Muhammad A. Motoda, Tomohiro Hanai, Ryo Yukiyasu, Domae Automation Research Team National Institute of AIST Tokyo Japan University of Tsukuba Department of Computer Science Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531614

This paper introduces a novel pipeline to enhance the precision of object masking for robotic manipulation within the specific domain of masking products in convenience stores. The approach integrates two advanced AI models, CLIP and SAM, focusing on their synergistic combination and the effective use of multimodal data (image and text). Emphasis is placed on utilizing gradient-based attention mechanisms and customized datasets to fine-tune performance. While CLIP, SAM, and Grad-CAM are established components, their integration within this structured pipeline represents a significant contribution to the field. The resulting segmented masks, generated through this combined approach, can be effectively utilized as inputs for robotic systems, enabling more precise and adaptive object manipulation in the context of convenience store products. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Robotics

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Semi-asynchronous personalized federated learning for short-term photovoltaic power forecasting

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1221-1229页

作者： Weishan Zhang Xiao Chen Ke He Leiming Chen Liang Xu Xiao Wang Su Yang College of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum(East China)China Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Tsinghua UniversityChina School of Computer and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Science and TechnologyChina State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityChina

Accurate forecasting for photovoltaic power generation is one of the key enablers for the integration of solar photovoltaic systems into power *** deep-learning-based methods can perform well if there are sufficient training data and enough computational ***,there are challenges in building models through centralized shared data due to data privacy concerns and industry *** learning is a new distributed machine learning approach which enables training models across edge devices while data reside *** this paper,we propose an efficient semi-asynchronous federated learning framework for short-term solar power forecasting and evaluate the framework performance using a CNN-LSTM *** design a personalization technique and a semi-asynchronous aggregation strategy to improve the efficiency of the proposed federated forecasting *** evaluations using a real-world dataset demonstrate that the federated models can achieve significantly higher forecasting performance than fully local models while protecting data privacy,and the proposed semi-asynchronous aggregation and the personalization technique can make the forecasting framework more robust in real-world scenarios.

关键词： Photovoltaic power forecasting Federated learning Edge computing CNN-LSTM

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Detection of Perfect Stealthy Attacks on Cyber-Physical Systems Subject to Measurement Quantizations: A Watermark-Based Strategy

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 114-125页

作者： Yu-Ang Wang Zidong Wang Lei Zou Bo Shen Hongli Dong the College of Information Science and Technology Donghua University the Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology Ministry of Education IEEE the College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London Uxbridge the Sanya Offshore Oil and Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University the Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking and Intelligent Control Northeast Petroleum University

In this paper, the attack detection problem is investigated for a class of closed-loop systems subjected to unknownbutbounded noises in the presence of stealthy attacks. The measurement outputs from the sensors are quantized before transmission.A specific type of perfect stealthy attack, which meets certain rather stringent conditions, is taken into account. Such attacks could be injected by adversaries into both the sensor-toestimator and controller-to-actuator channels, with the aim of disrupting the normal data flow. For the purpose of defending against these perfect stealthy attacks, a novel scheme based on watermarks is developed. This scheme includes the injection of watermarks(applied to data prior to quantization) and the recovery of data(implemented before the data reaches the estimator).The watermark-based scheme is designed to be both timevarying and hidden from adversaries through incorporating a time-varying and bounded watermark signal. Subsequently, a watermark-based attack detection strategy is proposed which thoroughly considers the characteristics of perfect stealthy attacks,thereby ensuring that an alarm is activated upon the occurrence of such attacks. An example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed mechanism for detecting attacks.

关键词： Attack detection cyber-physical systems (CPSs) perfect stealthy attacks watermark-based strategy

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Modeling a fuzzy expert system for predicting customers’ behavioral intention for restaurant business through parallel prediction of perceived values and satisfactions

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第2期17卷 1007-1014页

作者： Akhtaruzzaman, M. Shahryer, Fahim Halder, Sachitra Tanvin, Jamal Uddin Department of Computer Science and Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST) Mirpur Cantonment Dhaka 1216 Bangladesh Quantum Robotics and Automation Research Group (QRARG) Dhaka Bangladesh

This paper focuses on the modeling of a recommendation process for the restaurant industry. It is a challenge job for a restaurant owner to ascertain the intentions of customers to evaluate their services, further improve their profit margin. So, the objective of this study is to design a fuzzy-based prediction model of customers’ intentions for a fine dining experience. To facilitate a comparative analysis and to identify the optimal approach, various membership functions (MF) and de-fuzzification methods are employed along with the analysis of the correlational behavior among various input subsets. Results have shown that CoA method with triangular MF are well enough to implement the model. The fuzzy-correlation analysis presents various levels of membership strengths for a same recommendation score in some cases. Moreover, the evaluation of the proposed model based on a custom dataset shows prominent results with as 0.938. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Customer intension Customer satisfaction FIS Perceived value Recommendation

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Random Separating Hyperplane Theorem and Learning Polytopes 51

Random Separating Hyperplane Theorem and Learning Polytopes

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51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, ICALP 2024

作者： Bhattacharyya, Chiranjib Kannan, Ravindran Kumar, Amit Department of Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Department of Operations Research Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773225

The Separating Hyperplane theorem is a fundamental result in Convex Geometry with myriad applications. The theorem asserts that for a point a not in a closed convex set K, there is a hyperplane with K on one side and a strictly on the other side. Our first result, Random Separating Hyperplane Theorem (RSH), is a strengthening of this for polytopes. RSH asserts that if the distance between a and a polytope K with k vertices and unit diameter in ℜd is at least δ, where δ is a fixed constant in (0,1), then a randomly chosen hyperplane separates a and K with probability at least 1/poly(k) and margin at least Ω(δ/√d). RSH has algorithmic applications in learning polytopes. We consider a fundamental problem, denoted the "Hausdorff problem", of learning a unit diameter polytope K within Hausdorff distance δ, given an optimization oracle for K. Using RSH, we show that with polynomially many random queries to the optimization oracle, K can be approximated within error O(δ). To our knowledge, this is the first provable algorithm for the Hausdorff Problem in this setting. Building on this result, we show that if the vertices of K are well-separated, then an optimization oracle can be used to generate a list of points, each within distance O(δ) of K, with the property that the list contains a point close to each vertex of K. Further, we show how to prune this list to generate a (unique) approximation to each vertex of the polytope. We prove that in many latent variable settings, e.g., topic modeling, LDA, optimization oracles do exist provided we project to a suitable SVD subspace. Thus, our work yields the first efficient algorithm for finding approximations to the vertices of the latent polytope under the well-separatedness assumption. This assumption states that each vertex of K is far from the convex hull of the remaining vertices of K, and is much weaker than other assumptions behind algorithms in the literature which find vertices of the latent polytope. © Chiranjib Bhatt

关键词： Set theory

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Power Switching Based on Trajectory Planning and Sliding Mode Control for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第6期12卷 1968-1979页

作者： Zhen Wang Guoqiang Liu Xingbo Liu Jie Wang Zhiyang Jin Xiaowei Fu Zhuo Wang Bing Jin Zhonghua Deng Xi Li Key Laboratory of Imaging Processing and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and AutomationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen ShenzhenChina Hubei Huazhong Electric Power Technology Development Co. Ltd.WuhanChina School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChinaand he is also with the Wuhan Huamao Automation Co.Ltd.WuhanChina

To improve the safety of the solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)systems and avoid the generation of large amounts of pollutants during power switching,this paper designs a power switching strategy based on trajectory planning and sliding mode control(TP-SMC).The design elements of the power switching strategy are proposed through simulation analysis at ***,based on the gas transmission delay time and the change of gas flow obtained from testing,trajectory planning(TP)is *** with other power switching strategies,it has been proven that the power switching strategy based on TP has significantly better control ***-thermore,considering the shortcomings and problems of TP in practical application,this paper introduces sliding mode control(SMC)on the basis of TP to improve the power switching *** final simulation results also prove that the TP-SMC can effectively suppress the impact of uncertainty in gas flow and gas transmission delay *** with TP,TP-SMC can ensure that under uncertain conditions,the SOFC system does not experience fuel starvation and temperature exceeding limit during power ***,the NOx emissions are also within the normal and acceptable *** paper can guide the power switching process of the actual SOFC sys-tems to avoid safety issues and excessive generation of NOx,which is very helpful for improving the performance and ser-vice lifeof the SOFCsystems.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)system power switching safety NOx emission trajectory planning sliding mode control

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PANSA: A Framework for Threat Knowledge Graph Construction 3

PANSA: A Framework for Threat Knowledge Graph Construction

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3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing, Big Data Application and Software Engineering, CBASE 2024

作者： Chen, TianXiang Zhuang, Yi Xu, Tao Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing China Jiangsu Automation Research Institute Lianyungang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506582

Cyber intelligence provides new prevention ideas for cyberattacks, but it is difficult to use effectively due to its multi-source heterogeneity and fragmentation. To address this problem, we propose a threat knowledge graph construction framework based on Pretrained Adversarial NER and relationship Subgraph-based Alignment called PANSA. First, the cyber threat domain ontology model is constructed in combination with the existing cyber threat intelligence standards. Secondly, SecBABC threat entity recognition model is designed, which incorporates pre-training and adversarial training modules to extract high-quality threat intelligence data. Then the Multi-Relation GAT for Entity Alignment framework (MRGEA) is designed. MRGEA considers the impact of different relationships on entities, and uses a multi-relation graph attention network to mine deep information. Finally, the cyber threat knowledge graph is visualized. Experimental results show that PANSA effectively integrates security intelligence and outperforms existing methods in knowledge extraction and entity alignment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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