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Formalization of autonomous dynamic reconfiguration in distributed constraint satisfaction

Fundamenta Informaticae 2000年第1期43卷 129-151页

作者： Hannebauer, Markus Planning and Optimization Laboratory Research Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (FIRST) GMD — German National Research Center for Information Technology eMail: hannebau@first.gmd.de

Several interesting practical problems in process control, planning and scheduling can be expressed and solved using the model of constraint satisfaction problems. At least four drawbacks of this classical model directly relate to areas of distribution: complexity, scalability, privacy and robustness. Hence, research on distributed constraint satisfaction problems is a new direction in the area of multi-agent systems. A typical engineering task in distributed constraint satisfaction is the design of the distribution itself. A careful look at this task reveals that the design of distribution is critical to the quality and efficiency of the problem solving process and is itself an optimization problem. In this article we formalize different variants of this configuration problem and prove them to be all at least N P-complete. For solving these problems, we present two local operators, agent melting and agent splitting, that can be combined to allow for an autonomous and dynamic reconfiguration of the organizational structure of the problem-solving agents. We prove sequences of these operators to be sufficient for solving any given configuration problem. We also briefly describe what practical steps are necessary to exploit the rather theoretical result of the proof in realistic applications.

关键词： multi-agent systems distributed constraint satisfaction autonomous dynamic reconfiguration partitioning agent melting agent splitting

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Analysis of nonstationary time series by mixtures of self-organizing predictors

Analysis of nonstationary time series by mixtures of self-or...

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IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing

作者： J. Kohlmorgen S. Lemm G. Ratsch K.-R. Muller GMD FIRSTGerman National Research Center for Information Technology Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Berlin Germany

Presents a method for the analysis of time series from drifting or switching dynamics. In an extension to existing approaches that identify switches or drifts between stationary dynamical modes, the method allows one to analyze even continuously varying dynamics and can identify mixtures of more than two dynamical modes. The architecture is based on a mixture of self-organizing Nadaraya-Watson kernel estimators. The mixture model is trained by barrier optimization, a technique for constrained optimization problems. We apply the proposed method to artificially generated data and EEG recordings from the wake/sleep transition.

关键词： Time series analysis Predictive models Electroencephalography Kernel Constraint optimization Information technology computer architecture software Electronic mail Switches

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Lowering HPF procedure interface to a canonical representation 10th

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10th Annual International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, LCPC 1997

作者： Borowiec, Jan Veen, Arthur GMD FIRST Research Institute For Computer Architecture and Software Technology Rudower Chaussee 5 Berlin12489 Germany Parallel Computing Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)3540644725

Handling the procedure interface in an HPF compiler is complex due to the many possible combinations of Fortran 90/HPF properties of an actual array argument and its associated dummy argument. This paper describes an algorithm that reduces this complexity by mapping all the combinations of properties to a small set of canonical Internal Representations. These internal representations as well as the necessary run-time descriptors are also described. The algorithm has been implemented in the commercial HPF compiler produced by the Prepare project. © 1998, Springer-Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Program compilers

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HITERM - high-performance computing for technological risk management

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Transactions of the Society for computer Simulation 1998年第3期15卷 109-114页

作者： Unger, Steffen Gerharz, Irene Mieth, Peter Wottrich, Susanne GMD - Research Inst for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Berlin Germany

HITERM is a decision support tool for the management of the accidental release of toxic substances. It consists of several interconnected (possibly remotely located) parts. The main server supervises the actions of the system. It contains a graphical user interface (GUI), including a geographical information system (GIS) and other databases. It is connected to mobile clients at the place of the accident to collect data and to inform about the situation and the recommended actions. On the other hand, the main server can start a model server to perform simulation of the pollution evolution. Decision support tools provide guidance to the user for the management of an evolving emergency situation. The underlying simulation system for the air domain is discussed in more detail and results of a simulation of a traffic accident in the Reuss Valley in Switzerland are shown.

关键词： Parallel processing systems

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Environment simulation and monitoring system for urban areas

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Transactions of the Society for computer Simulation 1998年第3期15卷 115-121页

作者： Mieth, Peter Unger, Steffen Jugel, Matthias L. GMD - Research Inst for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Berlin Germany

A prototype of an environmental simulation and monitoring system for urban areas has been developed. This system provides state-of-the-art air and water pollution calculation and analysis tools. A distributed client-server architecture based on the Internet has been chosen to allow authorities to run large models requiring HPC hardware on remote model servers. The main focus of this paper is the description of a model designed for the computation of the extra ozone production in urban areas and for short-term ozone forecast purposes. Within the framework of an integrated simulation and monitoring system, this model benefits from the easy exchange of modeled and monitored data. Automatic interfaces to monitoring nets allow an operational use of the model.

关键词： computer simulation

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Modeling node architectures

Modeling node architectures

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： W.K. Giloi C. Lindemann S. Pletner Software Technology GMD FIRST GMD Institute for Computer Architecture Berlin Germany

This paper presents a modeling approach based on deterministic and stochastic Petri nets (DSPN) for analyzing the performance of node architectures for MIMD multiprocessor systems with distributed memory. DSPN are a numerically solvable modeling formalism with a graphical representation. The modeling approach supports design decisions for node architectures by providing quantitative results concerning processor and memory utilization for several design alternatives. To illustrate the proposed approach, DSPN of two node architectures are presented and employed for a comparative performance study.

关键词： computer architecture Multiprocessing systems Petri nets Stochastic systems Performance analysis Computational modeling Delay estimation Application software Stochastic processes Memory architecture

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Simulation of traffic-induced air pollution for mesoscale applications

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MATHEMATICS AND computerS IN SIMULATION 1997年第3-6期43卷 285-290页

作者： Sydow, A Lux, T Mieth, P Schafer, RP GMD Research Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (GMD FIRST) Rudower Chaussee 5 D-12489 Berlin Germany

Recent investigations have shown that vehicular traffic is the main source for emissions leading to summer smog. A study of the impact of traffic emission on urban air quality requires a complex air-pollution simulation system. This paper presents results of the development and application of an air-pollution simulation system at gmd FIRST which aims at supporting users in government administration and industry with forecasting and operative decision-making as well as short- to long-term regional planning. The components of the simulation system are parallelly implemented simulation models for meteorology, transport and air chemistry, data bases for model input and simulation results, as well as a graphic user interface for spatial data visualization. In order to study the influence of traffic emissions, a traffic-flow and a traffic-emission model have been added to the simulation system. Results presented are from two recent applications in the regions of Berlin/Brandenburg and Munich (Germany). Further applications are in preparation.

关键词： computer simulation

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Proof presentation for isabelle 10th

Proof presentation for isabelle

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10th International Conference on Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics, TPHOLs 1997

作者： Simons, Martin GMD Research Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Technische Universität Berlin Forschungsgruppe Softwaretechnik Franldinstr. 28/29 BerlinD-10587 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540633790

We present an approach to the intelligible communication of formal proofs. Observing a close correspondence between the activities of formal-proof development and program development, and using this as a guideline, we apply well-known principles from program design to proof design and presentation, resuiting in formal proofs presented in a literate style, that are hierarchically structured and emphasize calculation. We illustrate the practicability of this approach by describing its instantiation to the case of the interactive theorem prover Isabelle and by presenting a proof of the Church-Rosser theorem. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997.

关键词： Theorem proving

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Towards abstraction of message passing programming

Towards abstraction of message passing programming

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Proceedings of the Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing

作者： Hua Bi RWCP Laboratory at GMD-FIRST GMD Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0818678763

Data-parallel applications are usually programmed in the SPMD paradigm by using a message passing system such as MPI or PVM. However programming by using message passing primitives is still tedious and error-prone. This paper presents an abstraction of message passing programming in C++ to relieve programmers of low-level considerations. The runtime overhead introduced by the abstraction is shown to be negligible.

关键词： Message passing Concurrent computing Application software computer architecture Programming profession Topology Parallel processing Bismuth Laboratories computer errors

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A semi-automatic multiple-strategy approach to mapping tree-structured symbolic processing programs

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JOURNAL OF SYMBOLIC COMPUTATION 1996年第4-6期21卷 615-634页

作者： Sodan, A GMD Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology Germany

Symbolic applications such as expert systems, theorem provers, and computer algebra exhibit dynamic, tree-structured behavior with respect to control and data structures. This is why it is difficult to parallelize a program and get it running efficiently on a parallel computer, especially one with distributed memory. This paper introduces a semi-automatic mapping environment providing a set of support tools, intended for application to large, real-life programs. Mapping can perform adaptive granularity control, dynamic load balancing, and scheduling on parallel programs with dynamic data and control behavior, providing a set of strategies for all components. A set of mapping rules are extracted, describing when which strategy is appropriate. The approach systematically selects and configures its strategies to suit the characteristics of the application and is thus superior to a universal heuristic. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited

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