Since antennas are essential for both the transmission and reception of information, the study of antennas encompasses a wide range of topics and is applicable to nearly every academic field. Antenna performance is in...
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The objective of this endeavor is to develop a dynamic traffic signal system that adjusts the timing of traffic signals based on the density of traffic at any given junction. Traffic jam is a major issue in most citie...
详细信息
Since antennas are essential for both the transmission and reception of information, the study of antennas encompasses a wide range of topics and is applicable to nearly every academic field. Antenna performance is in...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350380583
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350380590
Since antennas are essential for both the transmission and reception of information, the study of antennas encompasses a wide range of topics and is applicable to nearly every academic field. Antenna performance is influenced by a number of factors, including as patch arrangement, directivity, S11, VSWR, and more. A variety of ground plates, substrates, and patch configurations are explored in this study as they pertain to the construction of implantable antennas. The ISM band, which these antennas are optimized for, runs from 2.4 to 2.48 GHz and is mostly utilized in biomedical applications. A thin substrate layer constructed of a material with a high dielectric constant is used to construct the implanted antenna in order to guarantee biocompatibility. Because of its design, the antenna is more versatile and provides better protection from electromagnetic fields. The biocompatibility, miniaturization, and safety of the implanted antenna are the three main elements that are examined in this investigation.
This paper presents an in-depth comparison of array antenna theory, all about 5 G mm wave spectrums. Those millimeter-wave frequencies are very important to make sure 5G networks can be real fast, have low delays, and...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331541583
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331541590
This paper presents an in-depth comparison of array antenna theory, all about 5 G mm wave spectrums. Those millimeter-wave frequencies are very important to make sure 5G networks can be real fast, have low delays, and hold lots of data. We look at what current research says, the ways to design these antennas, and how they work in real life. We focus on key parameters such as gain directivity, bandwidth, efficiency, and beamforming abilities. The review contrasts the propagation characteristics, design complexities, and performance metrics at mm wave spectrum, discussing challenges and finding solutions. By identifying gaps in existing research and suggesting future directions, this paper aims to guide the development of high-performance 5G antennas for advanced wireless networks
The objective of this endeavor is to develop a dynamic traffic signal system that adjusts the timing of traffic signals based on the density of traffic at any given junction. Traffic jam is a major issue in most citie...
The objective of this endeavor is to develop a dynamic traffic signal system that adjusts the timing of traffic signals based on the density of traffic at any given junction. Traffic jam is a major issue in most cities worldwide, and there is a need to transition from manual or fixed timer-based traffic signal systems to automated systems with decision-making capabilities. Current traffic signal systems are based on fixed time intervals, which can be inefficient if one lane is more active than the others. To solve this problem, we propose a smart traffic management system that adjusts the green and red-light timings based on the traffic density. This is accomplished using Proximity Infrared Sensors (PIR). Once the density is calculated, the microcontroller (Arduino) determines the duration of the green light. Sensors on the sides of the road detect the presence of vehicles and transmit information to the microcontroller, which decides how long a lane should be open or when to switch signal lights. The subsequent sections provide a detailed explanation of the framework.
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