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2022 Geothermal Rising Conference: Using the Earth to Save the Earth, GRC 2022

作者： Zielinski, Laurie A. Glen, Jonathan M. Earney, Tait E. Rea-Downing, Grant H. Vaughan, R. Greg Kelly, Peter J. Keller, Gordon H. Dean, Branden J. Schermerhorn, William D. U.S. Geological Survey Geology Minerals Energy and Geophysics Science Center Moffett FieldCA United States University of Utah Department of Geology and Geophysics Salt Lake CityUT United States U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Science Center FlagstaffAZ United States U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program VancouverWA United States University of California Santa Cruz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Santa CruzCA United States Mount Vernon WA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713871040

Unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) can accommodate a variety of tools for mapping and monitoring hydrothermal systems (e.g., magnetic, gas, photogrammetry, and thermal infrared [TIR]). These platforms offer increased speed, coverage area, and uniformity compared to ground-based measurements, as well as lower flight height - and therefore higher resolution - than occupied aircraft. We adapted a suite of tools for use with UAS and implemented these methods in a study focused on the area around Shady Rest Park, Mammoth Lakes, California, within the Long Valley Caldera. This location, which contains tree kills, gas vents, soil gas emissions, heated ground, and hydrothermal alteration, is the site of ongoing efforts to monitor changes in the surface expression of the local hydrothermal system. The methods applied in this study included: (1) airborne visible imagery for surficial mapping and the creation of high-resolution digital elevation models;(2) airborne magnetic measurements;(3) airborne TIR imagery;(4) airborne gas emission measurements;and (5) ground-based gravity measurements. We conducted these surveys in May and October of 2021, in part to establish baseline TIR and gas data against which future changes to the hydrothermal system may be assessed. UAS-based magnetic and ground-based gravity data were collected to map subsurface geology and to characterize potential subsurface controls on thermal anomalies and gas emissions. Results of these efforts at mapping and monitoring the hydrothermal system at Mammoth Lakes demonstrate how an integrated UAS- and ground-based approach may be applied more broadly to study other known or potential hydrothermal and volcanic systems. We consider the benefits and limitations of each method, particularly the TIR and gas sensors, which have less well-developed processing techniques in place for UAS applications. By integrating results from several of these different methods, however, the limitations facing each individual approach

关键词： Mapping

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Implications for fault locking south of Jakarta from an investigation of seismic activity along the Baribis fault, northwestern Java, Indonesia

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2022年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： Widiyantoro, S. Supendi, P. Ardianto, A. Baskara, A. W. Bacon, C. A. Damanik, R. Rawlinson, N. Gunawan, E. Sahara, D. P. Zulfakriza, Z. Husni, Y. M. Lesmana, A. Global Geophysics Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Maranatha Christian University Bandung 40164 Indonesia Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) Jakarta 10720 Indonesia Department of Earth Sciences Bullard Labs University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0EZ UK Geophysical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia PT. Reasuransi Maipark Multivision Tower Menteng Atas Jakarta 12960 Indonesia

Recent borehole seismic deployments conducted along the Baribis Fault in northwestern Java reveal that it may be active. In this study, we exploit these data to locate proximal earthquakes using a relative relocation technique, estimate their moment magnitudes using a spectral fitting method and compute their focal mechanisms via waveform inversion. We observe that seismicity in the eastern part of the fault is significantly higher than in the west, where a previous GPS study of the region south of Jakarta demonstrated the existence of high compression rates. These observations imply that the western Baribis Fault is locked, and that neighbouring areas, including southern Jakarta and its surroundings, may be highly vulnerable to future sizeable earthquakes when accumulated elastic strain energy is eventually released during fault rupture. Significantly, the current generation of Indonesia's national hazard maps have not considered seismicity along the Baribis Fault. Our new results therefore call for an urgent reappraisal of the seismic hazard in northwestern Java that carefully takes into account the Baribis Fault and its earthquake potential, particularly in light of its proximity to Jakarta, a megacity that lies at the heart of one of the most densely populated islands in the world.

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Application of 2-D and 3-D Geo-electrical Resistivity Tomography and Geotechnical Soil Evaluation for engineering Site Investigation:A Case Study of Okerenkoko Primary School,Warri-Southwest,Delta State,Nigeria

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Advances in Geological and Geotechnical engineering Research 2023年第2期5卷 1-23页

作者： U.Stanley Eze M.Edirin Okiotor J.E.Ighodalo B.Jennifer Owonaro A.Saleh Saleh A.Sikiru Jamiu Department of Earth Sciences Federal University of Petroleum ResourcesEffurun330102Nigeria Department of Marine Geology Nigeria Maritime UniversityOkerenkokoWarri SouthDelta State332105Nigeria Department of Physics(Applied Geophysics program) University of BeninBenin CityEdo State300213Nigeria Department of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences Petroleum Training InstituteEffurun330102Nigeria

In the design of building structures,joint efforts must be decided to resolve the depth of competent layers across the intended site to safeguard the durability of civil engineering structures and to avert the disastrous consequences of structural failure and *** this study,an integrated methodology that employed DC resistivity tomography involving 2-D and 3-D techniques and geotechnical-soil analysis was used to evaluate subsoil conditions for engineering site investigation at Okerenkoko primary school,in the Warri-southwest area of Delta State,to adduce the phenomena responsible for the visible cracks/structural failure observed in the *** results obtained brought to light the geological structure beneath the subsurface,which consists of four geoelectric layers identified as topsoil,dry/lithified upper sandy layer,wet sand(water-saturated)and peat/clay/sandy clayey soil(highly water-saturated).The deeply-seated peat/clay materials(ρ≤20Ωm)were delineated in the study area to the depths of 17.1 m and 19.8 m from 2-D and 3-D tomography respectively.3-D images presented as horizontal depth slices revealed the dominance of very low resistivity materials ***/clay/sandy clay within the fourth,fifth and sixth layers at depths ranging from 8.68-12.5 m,12.5-16.9 m and 16.9-21.9 m *** dominance of mechanically unstable peat/clay/sandy clay layers beneath the subsurface,which are highly mobile in response to volumetric changes,is responsible for the noticeable cracks/failure detected on structures within the study *** observations were validated by a geotechnical test of soil samples in the study ***’s limits of the samples revealed plasticity indices of ***,the soil samples within the depth analyzed were representatives of sandy soil that does not possess any *** methods justifiably provided relevant information on the subsurface geology beneath the study site and should be appropriated as major tools for

关键词： 2D and 3D resistivity tomography engineering site/structure Atterberg limits Orthogonal lines Radar sounding

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Hypocenter dimension of 7.5 mw Palu earthquake using fractal approach 2

Hypocenter dimension of 7.5 mw Palu earthquake using fractal...

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2nd International Conference of Interdisciplinary Research on Green Environmental Approach for Sustainable Development, ICROEST 2020

作者： Rasimeng, Syamsurijal Alimuddin Rustadi Sinambela, Rudy Z. Mandang, Idris Bakri, Samsul Zaenudin, Ahmad Department of Geophysical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Lampung Indonesia Disaster and Mitigation Center Faculty of Engineering University of Lampung Indonesia Study Program of Geophysics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Mulawarman University Indonesia Department of Forestry Graduate Program of Environmental Sciences University of Lampung Indonesia

Research on the Palu earthquake in the period of August to October 2018 has been carried out in the Palu Koro Fault (PKF) zone with a hypocenter of 5-20 km. This study aims to determine the fractal dimensions of these earthquakes based on the relationship between logarithmic frequency and earthquake magnitude correlation introduced by Gutenberg-Richter. Statistical correlation between logarithmic frequency and earthquake magnitude was calculated using the inversion approach. Based on the calculation results obtained fractal dimension value of 1.0378, which describes the seismicity pattern at a depth of 5-20 km. It indicates that the earthquakes triggered by the movement in rupture segments which seen as points along the PKF zone. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Earthquakes

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Geophysical investigation for engineering construction assessment in Karst

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PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE EARTH 2023年 129卷

作者： [Anonymous] [a]Program of Geology Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia [b]School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Malaysia [c]Geo Technology Resources Sdn. Bhd (1174319 - P) 31-1 Jalan Mawar 5B Taman Mawar 43900 Sepang Selangor Malaysia [d]Geophysics Unit School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 Pulau Pinang Malaysia

A geophysical survey involving electrical resistivity imaging was carried out in various parts of Perak state, Malaysia, to assess the risk of establishing engineering structures in a karst system. The area is underlain by the Palaeozoic Kinta limestone bedrock. A total of 9 survey lines were established on the proposed sites. The data collected from the survey areas was processed and subjected to computer iteration to simulates physical models of the most common karstic features in the area. The study results are remarkably vital in evaluating weathered zones and hard limestone bedrock, as well as in locating infiltrated water and cavities beneath them. This study emphasized the significance of geophysical surveys for foundation investigation because they can properly assess the competence of subsurface physical properties.

关键词： Electrical resistivity imaging Induced polarization Karst Perak Peninsular Malaysia

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Glacial isostatic adjustment shifted early Holocene river hydrology in Maine, USA

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Geology 2025年第5期53卷 446-450页

作者： Sanborn, Lily H. Pico, Tamara Donnelly, Jeffrey P. Perron, J. Taylor Massachusetts Institute of Technology Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Cambridge 02139 Woods HoleMA02543 United States Earth & Planetary Sciences Department University of California Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA95064 United States Department of Geology & Geophysics Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods HoleMA02543 United States Department of Earth Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Glacial isostatic adjustment produces crustal deformation capable of altering the slope of the landscape and diverting surface water drainage, thereby modulating the hydraulic conditions that govern river evolution. These effects can be especially important near the margins of ice sheets. In Maine, USA, post-glacial changes in sedimentation within major river systems have been interpreted as the result of regional tilting and drainage rerouting due to glacial isostatic adjustment. In this study, we model isostatic adjustment driven by retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, quantify the associated tilting and drainage rerouting, and explore how these changes impacted sediment transport in Maine’s rivers. Through an analysis of changes to river slope and drainage area produced by glacial isostatic adjustment, we show that ice sheet retreat altered the median sediment grain size that rivers could entrain. We also find support for previous estimates of the timing and direction of drainage reversal at Moosehead Lake, Maine’s largest lake. Our results suggest that the history of sedimentation in Maine’s rivers reflects time-dependent effects of glacial isostatic adjustment that are superimposed on any changes in runoff associated with deglaciation. Further, our case study demonstrates that isostatic adjustment affects alluvial channel evolution and sediment delivery to the coastline for several millennia after an ice sheet retreats. © 2025 Geological Society of America.

关键词： Glacial geology

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Experimental Instrumentation of Water Stage Monitoring Stations in Mountain Streams Bedrock Using Pressure Transducers

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Quezada, Victor M. Hernandez Anguiano, Jesus Horacio Miranda, Raúl Padilla, Francisco Li, Yanmei Knappett, Peter S.K. Murrieta, Daniel Vázquez, Antonio Bian, Jianmin Doctoral Program of Water Science and Technology Engineering Division University of Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato36000 Mexico Department of Mining Metallurgy and Geology Engineering University of Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato36020 Mexico Department of Geomatics and Hydraulic Engineering University of Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato36000 Mexico ETS of Engineering of Roads Canals and Ports University of La Coruña C. de Elviña 15071 Spain Department of Geology and Geophysics Texas A&M University College StationTX778432 United States Master Program of Water Science Engineering Division University of Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato36000 Mexico Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130021 China College of New Energy and Environment Jilin University Changchun130021 China

This study presents a new method of installing non-vented pressure transducers with dataloggers to monitor river/streams stage in mountain areas. The installation was performed in the bedrock of the streams using a protective copper casing, next to streams natural control and without affecting their characteristics since it does not require infrastructure. This allowed the installation of 18 pressure transducers in areas with mining influence, urban and natural protected areas, among others. The results obtained show that the risks of damage to the pressure transducer due to extreme floods or vandalism are significantly reduced, and that it is possible to build monitoring stations using the natural section/channel controls or structure controls. The proposed method considerably reduces infrastructure and maintenance costs for stage monitoring, making it feasible to install in mountain rivers and streams with similar characteristics to those presented in this study. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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A comprehensive review on natural convection in trapezoidal cavities with mono and hybrid nanofluids

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2025年 27卷

作者： Rashid, Farhan Lafta Alkhekany, Zainab Abdul Karim Eleiwi, Muhammad Asmail Bouabidi, Abdallah Ahmad, Shabbir Chibani, Atef Kezzar, Mohamed Kadhim, Saif Ali Askar, Ali Habeeb Hammoodi, Karrar A. Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringmUniversity of Kerbala Karbala56001 Iraq College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbala56001 Iraq Electromechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Samarra Samarra Iraq University of Gabes Avenue of Omar Ib-Elkhattab Gabes Zrig6023 Tunisia Graduate Program of Ocean Engineering School of Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Italia Avenue km 8 Rio Grande96201-900 Brazil Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI P.O.Box 64 Algiers Cheraga16014 Algeria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of 20 Aout 1955 El Hadaiek Road B. O. 26 Skikda21000 Algeria Technology Department Faculty of Technology 20 Aout 1955 University of Skikda PO Box 26 Skikda21000 Algeria Mechanical Engineering Department University of Technology- Iraq Baghdad Iraq Department of Fluid and Heat Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary Institute of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary College of Engineering University of Al Maarif Al Anbar Iraq

This review synthesises advancements in natural convection within trapezoidal cavities using mono- and hybrid nanofluids, emphasising their geometric advantages for thermal management. Trapezoidal cavities promote asymmetric flow patterns that enhance heat transfer compared to conventional geometries, as demonstrated in applications like solar absorbers and electronic cooling. Through analysis of 50+ previous studies, the review identifies key trends: Hybrid nanofluids like Cu-Al₂O₃/water consistently outperform mono nanofluids in Nusselt number improvement, with gains exceeding 20 %. Inclined walls mitigate stagnant flow zones, though exact reduction rates vary with aspect ratio and nanoparticle concentration. Magnetic fields and porous media further modulate thermal performance, but trade-offs emerge between conductivity enhancement and viscosity penalties. This review provides a framework to optimise trapezoidal cavities with nanofluids for industrial deployment. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Natural convection

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Data adaptive GPR diffraction focusing using multi-path summation 26

Data adaptive GPR diffraction focusing using multi-path summ...

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26th European Meeting of Environmental and engineering geophysics, Held at Near Surface Geoscience 2020

作者： Hamdan, H. Economou, N. Vafidis, A. University of Sharjah Petroleum Geosciences and Remote Sensing Program Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy United Arab Emirates Technical University of Crete School of Mineral Resources Engineering Applied Geophysics Lab Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9789462823556

Several researchers have utilized the multipath summation method, for the focusing of GPR diffracted sections. This method is based on using weighted stacking of constant-velocity migrated sections over a predefined velocity range. It has the advantage of enhancing the lateral and the temporal resolution of such GPR sections without the need to fully build a migration velocity model. In this extended abstract, we propose an improvement on the multipath summation method in order to reduce the user interference in its implementation. We have employed a "divide and conquer technique" for estimating the range of velocities to be used in the constant-velocity migration. We have also employed a modified spectral scaling scheme for the spectral whitening of the resulted migrated GPR sections. Here we present initial results of this methodology for synthetic and real data. © 2019 EAGE.

关键词： Velocity

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Analysis and evaluation of stability for the reactivated road landslide using electrical resistivity and induced polarization in Muara Badak district, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3095卷

作者： Wahidah Wahidah Piter Lepong Andi Alamsyah Djayus Djayus Supriyanto Supriyanto Qori Fajar Hermawan Amir Amir Geophysics Laboratory Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Mulawarman University Samarinda East Kalimantan Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Samarinda East Kalimantan Indonesia

Muara Badak is one of the districts that prone to the road landslide in Kutai Kertanegara Regency of East Kalimantan province in Indonesia. Reactivated landslides have been identified in several locations in the road access to Muara Badak district, for instance the Simpang-3 Sambera. Geophysical study has been carried out using Wenner Alpha of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Time Domain of Induced Polarization (IP) methods. Assessment and measurement conducted in three lines parallel to the road using MAE Unit-48 electrodes with three meters interval. Resistivity inversion shows the area predominantly composed of clay, sandy clay and coal, with resistivity value within 1-80 ohm.m, 81-200 ohm.m and >200 ohm.m respectively. Slip surface has been interpreted about 6 meter depth, occurring between the contacts of less-consolidated sandy clay and consolidated clay with translation pattern and thicker to the toe of the landslide. The IP data using to interpret the groundwater table at the depth of 3-4 meter based on the pattern of chargeability that closed to the surface. Furthermore and correlated to the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) data, the contact between the weak zone and the hard zone is interpreted to be at the depth of 6 meters. It is concluded that the trigger of the reactivated landslide in Simpang-3 Muara Badak were triggered by several factor including, rainfall and run of water, groundwater and steeply slope.

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