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2003 International Symposium on Physical Design

作者： Tsai, Jeng-Liang Chen, Tsung-Hao Chen, Charlie Chung-Ping Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 United States Grad. Inst. of Electron. Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan

In 21st-century VLSI design, clocking plays crucial roles for both performance and timing convergence. Due to their non-convex nature, optimal minimum-delay/area zero-skew wire-sizing problems have long been considered intractable. None of the existing approaches can guarantee optimality for general clock trees to the authors' best knowledge. In this paper, we present an Ε-optimal zero-skew wire-sizing algorithm, Clock-Tune, which guarantees zero-skew with delay and area within Ε distance to the optimal solutions in pseudo-polynomial time. Extensive experimental results show that our algorithm executes very efficiently in both runtime and memory usage. For example, Clock-Tune takes less than two minutes and 35MB memory to size an industrial clock tree with 3101 sink nodes within 2% to the optimal solution on a 533MHz Pentium III PC. Our algorithm can also be used to achieve useful clock skew to facilitate timing convergence and to incrementally adjust clock tree for design convergence and explore delay/power tradeoffs during design cycles. Clock-Tune is available on the web [13].

关键词： VLSI circuits

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3D thermal-ADI - An efficient chip-level transient thermal simulator 03

3D thermal-ADI - An efficient chip-level transient thermal s...

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2003 International Symposium on Physical Design

作者： Wang, Ting-Yuan Lee, Yu-Min Chen, Charlie Chung-Ping Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 United States Grad. Inst. of Electron. Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781581136500

Recent studies show that the nonuniform thermal distribution on the substrate and interconnects has impact on the circuit reliability and performance. Hence three-dimensional (3-D) thermal analysis is crucial to analyze these effects. In this paper, we present and develop an efficient 3-D transient thermal simulator based on the alternating direction implicit (ADI) method for large scale temperature estimation problems. Our simulator, 3D Thermal-ADI, not only has a linear runtime and memory requirement, but also is unconditionally stable. Detailed analysis of the 3-D nonhomogeneous cases and boundary conditions for on-chip VLSI applications are introduced and presented. Extensive experimental results show that our algorithm is not only orders of magnitude faster than the traditional thermal simulation algorithms, but is also highly accurate and memory efficient. The temperature profile of steady state can be reached in few iterations. The software is avaiable on the web [1].

关键词： Microprocessor chips

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Improving TCP performance in heterogeneous mobile networks

Improving TCP performance in heterogeneous mobile networks

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57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2003)

作者： Kao, Chang-Jung Liao, Wanjiun Chien, Chin-Hei Liu, Jen-Chi Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Computer Communications Lab. ITRI Hsinchu Taiwan Grad. Inst. Commun. Engineering Department of Computer Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

In this paper, a new transport mechanism is proposed to improve TCP performance in heterogeneous mobile networks. The proposed mechanism is comprised of two parts: a Congestion Predictor (CP) and a Bandwidth Estimator (BE). Based on the CP, the cause of a packet loss during roaming is determined. If the loss is considered caused by congestion in the wireline, the congestion window is halved;otherwise, the packet is considered lost in the last hop, the wireless portion, and the sender can adjust the growth of the congestion window based on the BE. Hence, our mechanism can adapt to heterogeneous wireless network environment and also enhance TCP performance. We have conducted simulations to evaluate the performance of the proposed mechanism. The results show that our mechanism significantly improves TCP performance as compared to existing solutions in heterogeneous mobile networks.

关键词： Mobile telecommunication systems

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Coupled Markov random field models with phases as line field and region field

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Systems and computers in Japan 2003年第7期34卷 24-33页

作者： Tanaka, Kazuyuki Furusato, Daiki Horiguchi, Tsuyoshi Department of Computer Sciences Grad. School of Information Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8579 Japan Dept. of Electrical Communication School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai 980-8579 Japan

We investigate a boundary-based and a region-based coupled Markov random field model, both of which are useful in image restorations of gray-level images. In the conventional boundary-based and the conventional region-based coupled Markov random field models, both a line field and a region field take only two discrete states, 0 and 1. In the boundary-based coupled random field model, existence and nonexistence of the edge at each nearest-neighbor pair of pixels are denoted by 1 and 0, respectively. In the region-based coupled random field model, some different regions at each pixel are labeled by discrete numbers. We propose a boundary-based coupled Markov random field model with continuous line field and a region-based coupled Markov random field model with continuous segmentation field from a standpoint of a plane rotator model in statistical mechanics. The iterative algorithms for image restoration are constructed by using a mean-field approximation. We investigate how the proposed models produce a better quality of restored images. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Markov processes

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Five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine operating as generator - Design, parameter determination by FEM and performance

Five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine operating as...

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37th IAS Annual Meeting and World Conference on Industrial applications of electrical Energy

作者： Pereira, Luis Alberto Canalli, Vicente Mariano Electrical Engineering Grad. Program Catholic University PUCRS Porto Alegre Brazil

The paper describes the design and parameter calculation of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine intended for operation as generator connected to the load over a rectifier bridge. The main parameters and machine dimensions are determined using the Finite Element Method in 2 dimensions. Calculated no-load induced voltage and inductances are compared with measured values obtained from a prototype machine. A circuit based mathematical model is also developed and simulated using MatLab/Simulink and the results are used to determine the machine performance as generator. The simulation results are checked versus measured values, and a good agreement between the simulation and measurements was observed. The implemented model gives results with sufficient accuracy, allowing to determine the machine behavior in early design stages. The method described here can be successfully applied for designing and performance calculation of high phase machine.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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Service differentiation in optical burst switched networks

Service differentiation in optical burst switched networks

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GLOBECOM'02 - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference

作者： Loi, C.-H. Liao, Wanjiun Yang, D.-N. Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Grad. Inst. of Commun. Engineering Department of Computer Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

This paper proposes a preemptive multiclass wavelength reservation protocol to provide differentiated service for Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks. Unlike existing approaches, which may degrad. to classless schemes or which may suffer from low wavelength utilization, our mechanism is robust, efficient, and supports an incremental deployment of QoS support. We maintain a usage profile for each class at the router, and implement a preemptive wavelength reservation mechanism to ensure QoS. We derive an analytical model and conduct simulations to evaluate the performance. The result shows that our approach performs the best in terms of lower blocking probability and higher resource utilization, making it an excellent QoS mechanism for OBS networks.

关键词： Switching networks

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Polarization-gated imaging techniques based on time-resolved stokes vectors for filament tissues

Polarization-gated imaging techniques based on time-resolved...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO 2002)

作者： Sun, Chia-Wei Yang, C.C. Kiang, Yean-Woei Lu, Long-Sheng Lin, Chii-Wann Wang, Xueding Wang, Lihong V. Dept. of Electrical Engineering Grad. Inst. of Electro-Optical Eng. National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Road Sec. 4 Taipei Taiwan Department of Pharmacology Graduate Institute of Bioengineering National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Road Sec. 4 Taipei Taiwan Biomedical Engineering Program Optical Imaging Laboratory Texas A and M University College Station TX United States

ISBN: (纸本)1557527067

Polarization-gated imaging techniques based on time-resolved Stokes vectors for filament tissues were discussed. The time-resolved Stokes vectors of signals transmitting chicken breast tissue, mouse cardiac muscle tissue, and polystyrene micro-sphere solution were compared. Results showed that with 45 degrees linear polarization and circular polarization output monitoring, better quality images will be obtained.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Master of Nuclear engineering Traineeship program

Master of Nuclear Engineering Traineeship Program

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1996 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings

作者： Turinsky, Paul J. Verghese, Kuruvilla North Carolina State University Department of Nuclear Engineering NCSU Interdisc. Grad. Prog. Compl. E./S. Nuclear Program Area NCSU Electrical Power Research Center Department of Nuclear Engineering

The structure of the Master of Nuclear engineering program (MNE) and its benefits to the trainees, the sponsoring institution and the NCSU Department of Nuclear engineering are discussed. MNE trainies complete the degree requirements over a fifteen to eighteen month period, with the traineeship starting with a two-month assignment during the first summer at the sponsor's site. The students get to work on an engineering project that is relevant to engineering practice. From the sponsor's perspective, they receive six months of support by the trainee in return for their financial contribution. To the University's benefit, the faculty advisor has the opportunity to interact with practitioners which can lead to future interactions.

关键词： engineering education

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NUMERICAL METHOD FOR ANALYZING TRANSIENT AND STEADY STATES OF SINE WAVE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT WITH STIFFNESS.

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Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications (English translation of Denshi Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi) 1987年第10期70卷 1-11页

作者： Okumura, Kohshi Kishima, Akira Yasuda, Hisashi Faculty of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan 606 Kohshi Okumura graduated 1966 Dept. Electrical Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed doctoral program 1971 Grad. School and Assistant Kyoto University. Doctor of Engineering. Presently Lecturer Dept. Electrical Eng. Engaged primarily in researches in nonlinear circuits lightning surge performance hysteresis characteristics and so forth. Member IEEJ IECEJ and IEEE. Hisashi Yasuda graduated 1981 Dept. Electrical Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed Master's program 1983 Grad. School. Presently with Nippon Steel Co. Ltd. Member IECEJ. Nippon Steel Corporation Kitakyushu Japan 805 Akira Kishima graduated 1951 Dept. Electrical Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed Grad. School 1956. Assoc. Prof. Presently Prof. Dept. Electrical Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Doctor of Eng. Engaged in researches in electrical circuit power circuit and systems.

This paper proposes a method for analyzing the transient and steady states of a sine wave oscillator circuit with reactive elements which have large differences in their values. The circuit equation is represented by an autonomous nonlinear differential equation with the values of these elements. First, we describe the method for solving numerically the differential equation regardless of the stiffness by the asymptotic method developed by Krylov, Bogolyubov and Mitropolskiy. Second, we present the method for obtaining solutions of the differential equation with regard to the stiffness by combining the asymptotic method with numerical integration.

关键词： OSCILLATORS

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IMPROVEMENT OF ALGORITHM USING INTERVAL ANALYSIS FOR SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR CIRCUIT EQUATIONS.

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Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications (English translation of Denshi Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi) 1987年第9期70卷 1-10页

作者： Okumura, Kohshi Kishima, Akira Saeki, Shuichi Faculty of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan 606 NTT Ltd. Chofu Japan 108 Shuichi Saeki graduated 1983 Dept. Electronic Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed Master's program 1985 Graduate School and affiliated with NTT. Engaged in researches in interval analysis. Akira Kishima graduated 1951 Dept. Electrical Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed Grad. School 1956. Assoc. Prof and presently Prof. Fac. Eng. (2nd Dept. Electrical Engineering) Kyoto University. Doctor of Engineering. Engaged in researches in electrical circuit power circuit and systems.

This paper describes an improvement of the solution by Krawczyk, Moore and Jones (KMJ algorithm) for nonlinear equations based on the interval analysis. When the KMJ algorithm is applied to practical problems such as the determination of the operating point of a multistable electronic circuit, a large computation time is required. It is shown that the algorithm can be improved in the computation time by a preprocessing and an elaboration in the region partitioning.

关键词： ELECTRIC NETWORKS, NONLINEAR

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