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US Army Aviation air movement operations assignment, utilization and routing

Journal of Defense Analytics and Logistics 2023年第1期7卷 2-28页

作者： Nelson, Russell King, Russell McConnell, Brandon M. Thoney-Barletta, Kristin Operations Research Graduate Program North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States Center for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States Department of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management North Carolina State University at Raleigh Raleigh NC United States

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create an air movement operations planning model to rapidly generate air mission request (AMR) assignment and routing courses of action (COA) in order to minimize unsupported AMRs, aircraft utilization and routing cost. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the US Army Aviation air movement operations planning problem is modeled as a mixed integer linear program (MILP) as an extension of the dial-a-ride problem (DARP). The paper also introduces a heuristic as an extension of a single-vehicle DARP demand insertion algorithm to generate feasible solutions in a tactically useful time period. Findings: The MILP model generates optimal solutions for small problems (low numbers of AMRs and small helicopter fleets). The heuristic generates near-optimal feasible solutions for problems of various sizes (up to 100 AMRs and 10 helicopter team fleet size) in near real time. Research limitations/implications: Due to the inability of the MILP to produce optimal solutions for mid- and large-sized problems, this research is limited in commenting on the heuristic solution quality beyond the numerical experimentation. Additionally, the authors make several simplifying assumptions to generalize the average performance and capabilities of aircraft throughout a flight. Originality/value: This research is the first to solve the US Army Aviation air movement operations planning problem via a single formulation that incorporates multiple refuel nodes, minimization of unsupported demand by priority level, demand time windows, aircraft team utilization penalties, aircraft team time windows and maximum duration and passenger ride time limits. © 2022, In accordance with section 105 of the US Copyright Act, this work has been produced by a US government employee and shall be considered a public domain work, as copyright protection is not available.

关键词： Aircraft Demand priority Dial-a-ride problem Helicopter routing Heuristic Military aviation Multiple refuel nodes Vehicle utilization

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Joint Multi-scale Cross-lingual Speaking Style Transfer with Bidirectional Attention Mechanism for Automatic Dubbing

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Jingbei Li, Sipan Chen, Ping Zhang, Luwen Meng, Yi Wu, Zhiyong Meng, Helen Tian, Qiao Wang, Yuping Wang, Yuxuan The Tsinghua-CUHK Joint Research Center for Media Sciences Technologies and Systems Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China The Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ByteDance Shanghai China

Automatic dubbing, which generates a corresponding version of the input speech in another language, can be widely utilized in many real-world scenarios, such as video and game localization. In addition to synthesizing the translated scripts, automatic dubbing further transfers the speaking style in the original language to the dubbed speeches to give audiences the impression that the characters are speaking in their native tongue. However, state-of-the-art automatic dubbing systems only model the transfer on the duration and speaking rate, disregarding the other aspects of speaking style, such as emotion, intonation and emphasis, which are also crucial to fully understand the characters and speech. In this paper, we propose a joint multiscale cross-lingual speaking style transfer framework to simultaneously model the bidirectional speaking style transfer between two languages at both the global scale (i.e., utterance level) and local scale (i.e., word level). The global and local speaking styles in each language are extracted and utilized to predict the global and local speaking styles in the other language with an encoder-decoder framework for each direction and a shared bidirectional attention mechanism for both directions. A multiscale speaking style-enhanced FastSpeech 2 is then utilized to synthesize the desired speech with the predicted global and local speaking styles for each language. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework, which outperforms a baseline with only duration transfer in objective and subjective evaluations. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Translation (languages)

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A Study on Damage Evaluation Method for Box Section Steel Columns Using Autoencoder 33rd

A Study on Damage Evaluation Method for Box Section Steel Co...

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33rd International Ocean and Polar engineering Conference, ISOPE 2023

作者： Fujisaku, Yusuke Naito, Hideki Kimoto, Tomoyuki Matsumura, Masahide Takeshima, Natsumi Okada, Seiji Ono, Kiyoshi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Miyagi Sendai Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering National Institute of Technology Oita College Oita Oita Japan Center for Water Cycle Marine Environment and Disaster Management Kumamoto University Kumamoto Kumamoto Japan LCB∙DX Division Re search and Development Department IHI Infrastructure Systems Co. Ltd Minato Tokyo Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Waseda University Shinjuku Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781880653807

A convolutional autoencoder (CAE)-based damage evaluation method that uses frequency response functions as features was studied. A compression test was conducted on a box-section steel column to introduce out-of-plane deformation, and vibration was excited in the loading steps. From measured vibrational characteristics, the CAE model was trained, and anomaly scores were obtained. The anomaly scores obtained from the area where local buckling has occurred increased with the progression of the loading test. It was concluded that the proposed method is useful to conduct damage evaluation and structural health monitoring on steel columns. © 2023 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

关键词： Convolution

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Discriminative Analysis of Autistic Tendencies at 18 Months of Age Using Eye Gaze Characteristics in 4-, 10-, and 18-month-old Infants

Discriminative Analysis of Autistic Tendencies at 18 Months ...

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Rena Ueda Hirokazu Doi Akira Furui Koji Shimatani Hideaki Hayashi Toshio Tsuji Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Department of Information and Management Systems Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology Niigata Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan Faculty of Health and Welfare Prefectural University of Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan Institute for Datability Science Osaka University Osaka Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331531614

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531621

Anomalies in motor function and social communication skills constitute early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In recent years, researchers have paid attention to the possibility of the quantitatively evaluating infants’ social communication skills based on their eye movement. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate ASD risk using infants’ eye movement data by examining the relationship between eye movement patterns at 4, 10, and 18 months of age and ASD risk as assessed by caregivers using a checklist at 18 months of age. A total of 18 eye movement indices were calculated from eye movement data measured by an optical eye tracker. The results revealed an association between ASD risk and eye movement indices. The indices included those related to a preference for social information at 4 months of age, those related to visual exploration of images at 10 months of age, and those indices related to both preference and visual exploration at 18 months of age. These results indicate that eye movement analysis may potentially serve as a means for early screening of ASD risk.

关键词： Visualization Accuracy Tracking Input variables System integration Variable speed drives Optical variables measurement Feature extraction Optical imaging Motors

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Discriminative Analysis of Autistic Tendencies at 18 Months of Age Using Eye Gaze Characteristics in 4-, 10-, and 18-month-old Infants

Discriminative Analysis of Autistic Tendencies at 18 Months ...

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2025 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration, SII 2025

作者： Ueda, Rena Doi, Hirokazu Furui, Akira Shimatani, Koji Hayashi, Hideaki Tsuji, Toshio Hiroshima University Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Nagaoka University of Technology Department of Information and Management Systems Engineering 1603-1 Kamitomioka Niigata Nagaoka940-2188 Japan Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 1-12-4 Sakamoto Nagasaki Nagasaki852-8523 Japan Prefectural University of Hiroshima Faculty of Health and Welfare 1-1 Gakuen-machi Hiroshima Mihara723-0053 Japan Osaka University Institute for Datability Science 2-8 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531614

Anomalies in motor function and social communication skills constitute early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In recent years, researchers have paid attention to the possibility of the quantitatively evaluating infants' social communication skills based on their eye movement. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate ASD risk using infants' eye movement data by examining the relationship between eye movement patterns at 4, 10, and 18 months of age and ASD risk as assessed by caregivers using a checklist at 18 months of age. A total of 18 eye movement indices were calculated from eye movement data measured by an optical eye tracker. The results revealed an association between ASD risk and eye movement indices. The indices included those related to a preference for social information at 4 months of age, those related to visual exploration of images at 10 months of age, and those indices related to both preference and visual exploration at 18 months of age. These results indicate that eye movement analysis may potentially serve as a means for early screening of ASD risk. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Adversarial Speaker Disentanglement Using Unannotated External Data for Self-supervised Representation Based Voice Conversion

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhao, Xintao Wang, Shuai Chao, Yang Wu, Zhiyong Meng, Helen Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Lightspeed & Quantum Studios Tencent Inc. Shenzhen China Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Nowadays, recognition-synthesis-based methods have been quite popular with voice conversion (VC). By introducing linguistics features with good disentangling characters extracted from an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model, the VC performance achieved considerable breakthroughs. Recently, self-supervised learning (SSL) methods trained with a large-scale unannotated speech corpus have been applied to downstream tasks focusing on the content information, which is suitable for VC tasks. However, a huge amount of speaker information in SSL representations degrades timbre similarity and the quality of converted speech significantly. To address this problem, we proposed a high-similarity any-to-one voice conversion method with the input of SSL representations. We incorporated adversarial training mechanisms in the synthesis module using external unannotated corpora. Two auxiliary discriminators were trained to distinguish whether a sequence of mel-spectrograms has been converted by the acoustic model and whether a sequence of content embeddings contains speaker information from external corpora. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves comparable similarity and higher naturalness than the supervised method, which needs a huge amount of annotated corpora for training and is applicable to improve similarity for VC methods with other SSL representations as input. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supervised learning

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FreeCtrl: Constructing Control Centers with Feedforward Layers for Learning-Free Controllable Text Generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Feng, Zijian Zhou, Hanzhang Zhu, Zixiao Mao, Kezhi Institute of Catastrophe Risk Management Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Future Resilient Systems Programme Singapore-ETH Centre CREATE Campus Singapore

Controllable text generation (CTG) seeks to craft texts adhering to specific attributes, traditionally employing learning-based techniques such as training, fine-tuning, or prefix-tuning with attribute-specific datasets. These approaches, while effective, demand extensive computational and data resources. In contrast, some proposed learning-free alternatives circumvent learning but often yield inferior results, exemplifying the fundamental machine learning trade-off between computational expense and model efficacy. To overcome these limitations, we propose FreeCtrl, a learning-free approach that dynamically adjusts the weights of selected feedforward neural network (FFN) vectors to steer the outputs of large language models (LLMs). FreeCtrl hinges on the principle that the weights of different FFN vectors influence the likelihood of different tokens appearing in the output. By identifying and adaptively adjusting the weights of attribute-related FFN vectors, FreeCtrl can control the output likelihood of attribute keywords in the generated content. Extensive experiments on single- and multi-attribute control reveal that the learning-free FreeCtrl outperforms other learning-free and learning-based methods, successfully resolving the dilemma between learning costs and model performance. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feedforward neural networks

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Unveiling and Manipulating Prompt Influence in Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Feng, Zijian Zhou, Hanzhang Zhu, Zixiao Qian, Junlang Mao, Kezhi Institute of Catastrophe Risk Management Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Future Resilient Systems Programme Singapore-ETH Centre CREATE Campus Singapore

Prompts play a crucial role in guiding the responses of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the intricate role of individual tokens in prompts, known as input saliency, in shaping the responses remains largely underexplored. Existing saliency methods either misalign with LLM generation objectives or rely heavily on linearity assumptions, leading to potential inaccuracies. To address this, we propose Token Distribution Dynamics (TDD), a simple yet effective approach to unveil and manipulate the role of prompts in generating LLM outputs. TDD leverages the robust interpreting capabilities of the language model head (LM head) to assess input saliency. It projects input tokens into the embedding space and then estimates their significance based on distribution dynamics over the vocabulary. We introduce three TDD variants: forward, backward, and bidirectional, each offering unique insights into token relevance. Extensive experiments reveal that the TDD surpasses state-of-the-art baselines with a big margin in elucidating the causal relationships between prompts and LLM outputs. Beyond mere interpretation, we apply TDD to two prompt manipulation tasks for controlled text generation: zero-shot toxic language suppression and sentiment steering. Empirical results underscore TDD’s proficiency in identifying both toxic and sentimental cues in prompts, subsequently mitigating toxicity or modulating sentiment in the generated content. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Logit Separability-Driven Samples and Multiple Class-Related Words Selection for Advancing In-Context Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Zixiao, Zhu Feng, Zijian Zhou, Hanzhang Qian, Junlang Mao, Kezhi Institute of Catastrophe Risk Management Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Future Resilient Systems Programme Singapore-ETH Centre CREATE campus Singapore

Effective organization of in-context learning (ICL) demonstrations is key to improving the quality of large language model (LLM) responses. To create better sample-label pairs that instruct LLM understanding, we introduce logit separability, a criterion to assess the clarity of both samples and class-related words at the logit level. This facilitates the optimization of sample and label selection, enhancing the precision of information provided in ICL demonstrations. Additionally, we find that incorporating multiple class-related words for each sample, rather than relying on a single class name, improves performance by offering a broader range of label information. Building on these insights, we propose LICL, a logit separability-based method that jointly organizes samples and integrates multiple class-related words into each sample-label pair. Evaluations across seven classification datasets show that this approach significantly improves ICL performance by providing clearer instructions and richer label information. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques to Predict Software Defects: A Bibliometric Analysis, Systematic Review, Challenges and Future Works

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Vergaray, Alfredo Daza Apaza-Perez, Oscar Gonzalo Zagaceta-Daza, Jhon Alexander Samanez-Torres, Katherine Cecilia Benites-Noriega, Juan Gonzales, Orlando Tito Llanos Cochachin, Alex Dick Cochachin Faculty of Engineering and Architecture School of Systems Engineering Universidad César Vallejo Lima Peru Graduate School Professional School of Systems Engineering Universidad Nacional del Altiplano UNAP Puno Peru Faculty of Engineering School of Systems Engineering Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae Lima Peru Faculty of Management Professional School of Business Administration Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez UANCV Juliaca Peru Graduate School Professional School of Systems Engineering Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez UANCV Juliaca Peru Graduate School Professional School of informatics and Systems Engineering Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann UNJBG Tacna Peru Instituto Geofísico del Perú Lima Peru

In Australia, approximately 66.00% of projects exceeded the programmed budget and 33% were out of time, all of them due to software *** purpose of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of the quartiles, countries, keywords, techniques, metrics, tools, platforms or languages, variables, data source and dataset that have been used in predicting software defects. A comprehensive search of 55 articles was conducted, using keywords from 5 databases: Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Ebscohost, and Web of Science from 2019 to 2023. This article was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) methodology, taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria. To then make a synthesis of the findings of the studies on the following aspects such as quartiles, countries, keywords, techniques, metrics, tools, platforms or languages, variables, data source and *** most used techniques were Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF), along with the Accuracy and F1-Score metrics, the most used programming language was Python, the most prominent variables were Kilo (thousands) of lines of code (KLOC) and Cyclomatic complexity, and finally NASA’s Metrics Data Program Data Repository was the dasource most used with a dataset from a range of minimum 759 instances and 37 attributes and maximum 3579 instances and 38 attributes of 5 projects: CM1, MW1, PC1, PC3 and PC4. This systematic review provides scientific evidence, with results describing how machine learning techniques help predict software defects. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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