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THE CHANGING NATURE OF THE UNITED-STATES NAVY SHIP DESIGN PROCESS

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 88-113页

作者： JOHNSON, RS THE AUTHOR:is currently the Head of the Ship Concepts Development Group Ship Design & Integration Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He has been employed by NAVSEA and its predecessor organizations for over twenty years. He is a graduate of Webb Institute of Naval Architecture from which he received his B.S. degree in 1959. Following his completion of graduate studies. he received his M.S. degree from The George Washington University and later in 1966 his Doctor of Engineering degree from the University of California at Berkeley. Dr. Johnson held responsible positions involving all types of overall ship design. hydrodynamics research management. and computer-aided design before being selected to be Head of the Advanced Design Division in 1970. In 1979. he was selected to be Deputy Director. Ship Concepts Development Group responsible for Ship Specifications. Engineering Standards. Systems Engineering and Advanced Ship Design. He has been a member of ASNE since 1969.

The history of the U.S. Naval Ship Design Process is traced over the last 50 years. Descriptions of the products of design are presented for several points in time. Associated organizational changes are traced. Some e...

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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT CARRIER DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 71-85页

作者： REIN, RJ RYAN, JC USN (RET.) Cdr. Robert J. Rein USN (Ret.)currently is the Director of Naval Support Systems for the Columbia Research Corporation Washington D. C. At the time this paper was presented he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving as the Ship Design Manager for the CVV Naval Sea Systems Command. Prior to that his duty assignments included Deputy Program Manager for the Sea Control Ship Assistant Ship Material Officer. Staff of Commander Naval Air Force U.S. Pacific Fleet and Type Desk Officer for Cruisers/Destroyers and New Construction (CG 30) at the former Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard. He is a graduate of General Motors Institute an accredited private college sponsored by the General Motors Corporation: the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. Calif.: and the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir. Va. Additionally. he has had extensive postgraduate study in Systems Management at The George Washington University. Cdr. Rein is extremely active in his support of professional engineering societies and as a member of ASNE since 1964 has been responsible for the founding of ASNE Local Sections on the west coast and presently is serving as the Society's National Assistant Secretary-Treasurer. In addition he also was the creator and coordinator for the highly successful. Society sponsored Symposium “Aircraft Carriers — Present and Future.”which was held in October 1976 at the U.S. Grant Hotel. San Diego. Calif. and was the first such Symposium jointly sponsored by an Operating Fleet command and a professional society. Mr. J. Christopher Ryanreceived his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in 1967 and his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. His initial work experience was at Litton Ship Systems where he was associated primarily with the general arrangements development of the DD 963 Class design. Subsequently. he was employed at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center with work as

Since the signing of the Contract Design Plane for the CVN 68 (the U.S. Navy's latest Class of Aircraft Carriers) In 1963, considerable technological advances have been made in Naval Ship Design. This paper provides specific examples of how new technology has affected traditional Carrier design practices and techniques, and also indicates areas where future advanced technology will be needed. It is divided into four sections: 1) Computer Design Application; 2) Total Ship Energy Conservation Analysis; 3) Advances in Structural Design; and 4) Impact of V/STOL Aircraft. The increased use of the computer to define ship characteristics in the initial stage of ship design is discussed, followed by a report on efforts to include energy conservation as an integral part of the design process. The energy conservation approach uses traditional analytical techniques to develop innovative design configurations that will achieve energy savings. Of the many advances in Carrier structural design, two specific examples are given: 1) Elimination of the infamous “knee-knockers” (high sills in passageway openings) common to Gallery Deck structure, and 2) Successful attempts at reducing the thickness of aircraft elevator platforms. The paper concludes by pointing out some possible challenges facing the ship designer and some of the technology already created by the expected introduction of advanced design Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft.

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U.S. SHIPBUILDING: THE SEVENTIES IN RETROSPECT —THE PROSPECTS FOR THE EIGHTIES

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第4期92卷 25-38页

作者： FISHER, JAMES R. COADY, PHILIP USN Capt. James Ronald Fisher USN is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy. Class of 1958. has his M.A. degree in Management and is an Engineering Duty Officer (ED). He has served in a Destroyer and four Attack and Fleet Ballistic Missile Submarines as Training Officer of the Nuclear Propulsion Unit. West Milton N. Y. and at the Charleston Naval Shipyard where he also was the Chairman of the ASNE Charleston Section. He was ordered to the National Defense University from duty in the Industrial Management Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). and has just recently been reassigned to the Submarine Platform Directorate at NA VSEA. Cdr. Philip Coady USN is a graduate of Tufts University from which he received his A.B. degree in 1963 and also the Naval Postgraduate School. Monterey. Calif. from which he received his M.S. degree in 1972. His sea experience has been predominently in Destroyers. most recently as Executive Officer of the USS Claude V. Ricketts (DDG-S) and has had two tours in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OP-090) his latest being that of Special Assistant for Financial Management to the Director of Navy Program Planning (OP-090). Currently he is under orders to assume command of the USS Conolly (DD-979).

This paper reviews the recent turbulent history of the U.S. Shipbuilding Industry, its present status, and its prospects for the decade ahead. The Authors suggest that current maritime policy and the trend of market f...

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AN EVALUATION OF ENERGY-CONSERVATION APPROACHES FOR SURFACE SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 252-263页

作者： RAINS, DA STILES, HR HO, SPK Dr. Dean A. Rains Director of Advanced Programs and IRBD. Ingalls Shipbuilding Division Litton Industries Pascagoula Miss. has been an active member of ASNE since 1970. a frequent contributor to the Naval Engineers Journal and a participant at ASNE Day meetings as both an Author and a Discusser. He is an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics has twenty-three years experience in the field of Naval Engineering and is a graduate of the California Institute of Technology from which he received his B.S. degree (1950) and his M.S. degree (1952). both in Mechanical Engineering. and his Ph.D. degree (1954) in Mechanical Engineering and Mathematics. Mr. H. Richard Stiles graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1965. Prior to leaving the naval service in 1970 he was designated as a Naval Aviator and authored two Patents one for an aircraft optical glide slope reference system and the second for an intercommunications system for air traffic control. As an author he has had technical papers published by SNAME — “Planning Hull Structure” — and by the Offshore Technology Conference — “A Fourth Generation Crewboat.” At the present time he serves as an Engineering Specialist for the Hull Technical Department at Ingalls Shipbuilding Division. Mr. Stephen P.K. Ho is also with Ingalls Shipbuilding Division where since 1970 he has worked on various phases of naval engineering and advanced studies. He received both his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1958 and 1959 respectively. and prior to joining Ingalls Shipbuilding Division also worked with other Marine Firms in ship design particularly in computer applications to Preliminary Design the Construction Process and the Management Information System. Besides ASNE which he joined in January 1980. he is a member of SNAME.

Lower Fleet operating costs and independence from foreign fossil fuel resources are the goals of energy conservation efforts for Navy surface ship. This paper describes an evaluation of a wide variety of energy conservation approaches. A standard 20-knot, 300-hour Destroyer mission is established so that all of the approaches can be compared on a total fuel required basis. The approaches studied include use of aluminum hull construction; light weight machinery; trail-shaft or cross-connect operation for twin screw ships; improved performance propulsors; advanced power plant types, such as COGAS or cruise engines; use of energy storage techniques to improve ship service generator performance; electrical load reductions; improved performance ship service generators; hull drag reductions; crew size reductions; design margin reduction; reduced performance requirement (such as top speed); and habitability standard reductions. The overall results can be effected by reductions in range requirements as well. Mission duration was held constant at 45 days throughout the study. The results of the study indicate that the combination of these various possible improvements may reduce the fuel used to be as low as one-third of the current levels. Weight reductions are very effective for achieving significant fuel savings.

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INTEGRATING THE NAVYS 21ST-CENTURY MISSION REQUIREMENTS INTO TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED, YET AFFORDABLE, DESTROYER DESIGNS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 25-36页

作者： BASKERVILLE, JE WHIDDON, WD USN LCdr. James E. Baskerville USNa graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy Class of 1969 is a qualified Surface Warfare Officer and Engineering Duty Officer (ED). Prior to being assigned as Aide and Flag Lieutenant to the Commander Naval Electronic Systems Command he served in theUSS Ramsey (FFG-2).He received his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering and his professional degree of Ocean Engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and holds a patent right on an Electronic Control and Response System. While at MIT. he participated in a one-year feasibility design study project for a 3500-ton advanced concepts monohull in cooperation with the Advanced Naval Vehicles Concept Evaluation Office (OP-96V) Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNAV). While on duty at the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard he completed assignments as Ship Superintendent for the FY78 overhaul of theUSS Brewton (FF-1086)and as Type Desk Officer for theUSS Reeves (CG-24)FY79 overhaul after which he was selected in 1979 as a member of the Engineering Duty Community's newly formed Ship Design and Engineering Specialists Group serving as Assistant Design Superintendent for one-year field engineering experience prior to rotating to his present duties in the Ship Design Directorate. Naval Sea Systems Command in July 1980. In addition to ASNE which he joined in 1975. he is a member of SNAME Tau Beta Pi and Sigma Xi. LCdr. W. David Whiddon USNgraduated from the University of South Alabama in 1969 at which time he received his B.S. degree in Engineering. Subsequently. he attended the Officer Candidate School Newport. R.I. receiving his commission in the U.S. Navy as an Engineering Duty Officer (ED) in 1970 and later in 1977 his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering and his professional degree of Ocean Engineer from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Currently. he is assigned to the Ship Design Management and Integration Office. Naval Sea Systems Command previously having had tours of duty i

This paper defines the current state of balance of naval power between the United States and Russia, highlighting the shift in favor of the Soviet Navy. The various alternative weapons systems which could be employed to balance the growing Soviet threat are examined and the conventional surface combatant ship is found to be the most cost effective solution. System level technological improvements are discussed and various goals are identified to enable an increase in capabilities to fulfill future mission requirements without a drastic increase in acquisition cost.

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SEAKEEPING BY DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 157-178页

作者： COMSTOCK, EN KEANE, RG Mr. Edward N. Comstock is currently Head of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Section (SEA 32132) of the Hull Form Design Performance and Stability Branch Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his B.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering in 1970 and his M.S. degree in Ship Hydrodynamics in 1974 both from the University of Michigan. Mr. Comstock began his professional career with the U.S. Navy in 1974 as a Seakeeping Specialist in the Hull Form and Fluid Dynamics Branch of the former Naval Ship Engineering Center being involved in improving the design of naval ships through the integration of R&D technology advances into the ship design process. His efforts prior to 1980 were mainly aimed at developing and establishing Seakeeping Performance Assessment and Design Practices. Other responsibilities have included numerous ship performance investigations in still water and in the sea environment in support of ship design and specific Fleet problems. Prior to his employment by the Navy he worked in the Structural and Hydrodynamic Groups of General Dynamics' Electric Boat Division. There his activities spanned the areas of Submarine structural and Hydrodynamic Design and Construction. A member of ASNE since 1978. he is also a member of ASE and SNAME and has been active in supporting the efforts of the SNAME H-7 (Seakeeping) Panel the National Science Foundation (NSF). and the NATO Naval Armaments Group 6/Sub-Group 5 (Seakeeping). Mr. Robert G. Keane Jr. is presently Head of the Hull Form Design. Performance and Stability Branch (SEA 3213). Ship Design and Integration Directorate (SEA 03). Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received his B.E.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in 1962. his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Stevens Institute of Technology in 1967. and his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture from the University of Michigan in 1970. Additionally he has done graduate work in Management Science and Operations Research at The Johns Ho

“Seakeeping … is the ability of our ships to go to sea, and Successfully and safely execute their missions despite adverse environmental factors.” — VAdm. R.E. Adamson. USN In June 1975, VAdm. R.E. Adamson, USN, then Commander Naval Surface Forces, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, addressed the participants of the Seakeeping Workshop [1] and established what has come to be a most profound definition of seakeeping as it relates to the U.S. Navy. In those few words he identified the two major issues facing the operator today and provided the focus for all subsequent seakeeping efforts within the design community at the Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA). For it is these two hues of mission sum and safety at sea which are addressed within NAVSEA, for each new ship design and for ships in the Fleet, in terms of: SEAKEEPING PERFORMANCE — Ability to execute mission in a sea environment, and SEAWORTHINESS — Ability to survive in an extreme sea environment. In the past, the design of ships exhibiting superior seakeeping performance and seaworthiness and seaworthiness has been looked upon by many as an art or an academic exercise. The objective of this paper then is to demonstrate clearly that the ability of our ships to execute their missions successfully and safely in a sea environment is not by chance but by design.

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MK-92 FIRE-CONTROL SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第4期91卷 69-76页

作者： RYAN, FN BERLIN, J Mr. Floyd N. Ryan graduated from Frostburg State College and has performed graduate studies in Technology of Management at American University and University of Southern California. He is presently Executive Director of the Surface Missile Systems Sub-Group in the Naval Sea Systems Command. He was previously Deputy Project Manager of the MK-92 FCS/MK-75 Gun Project Deputy Systems Engineering Manager in the AEGIS Project and Surface Missile Systems Branch Head in the Naval Ordnance Systems Command. His earlier experience with the Department of the Navy included the Engineering Interface Management Office in the Bureau of Ships the Foreign Ship Systems Engineering Office and Switching Systems Design Office at RCA Service Company and he served for four years in the U.S. Navy as an Electronic Technician Petty Officer. In addition to ASNE he is a member of the Association of Scientists and Engineers and is the Executive Director (NAVSEA) for the 1978-79 term. In addition to several outstanding performance awards and citations for achievement Mr. Ryan received the Navy Meritorious Civilian Service Award for exceptional contribution to the development of the AEGIS Weapon System. Mr. Jack Berlin received his Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from the City College of New York and his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Columbia University. He spent eight years in the Radar and Microwave Electronics Section of the Naval Material Laboratory. Subsequently. he has had extensive experience in Radar and Fire Control Systems. This has included responsibility for the design and field evaluation of the GFCS MK 87 Radar. From 1972 to 1973 he was the Sperry Program Manager for the Fire Control System (FCS) MK 92. His current assignment is Assistant Manager for New Developments of Missile and Gun Fire Control Systems for the U.S. Navy. He is a member of the Tau Beta Pi and Eta Kappa Nu Honorary Societies.

The MK 92 Fire Control System (FCS) & a new, integrated, highly reliable and light-weight U.S. Navy Fire Control System for missile and gun control. This system, which is in production for the FFG, PCG, PGG and PHM Ship Classes, provides the detection and automation required for modern naval warfare. Search radar data & presented at a very high rate at the operator's console, a highly integrated man-machine interface. Utilization of monopulse and “track-while-scan” techniques result in multiple target tracking capability. The system console(s) offer a self-contained command and control capability and, in addition, standard digital computer channels provide the versatile interface with the ship's command and control, integrating the complete engagement process. Error cancellation techniques are employed to obtain high performance accuracy even under severe environmental conditions. The low manning requirement for both operation and maintenance is a key system attribute for all applications. Comprehensive “at-sea” evaluations, performed by the U.S. Navy, demonstrated successful system operation in all modes of surveillance, multi-target tracking and simultaneous missile and gun engagements. The “at-sea” performance record of the FCS MK 92 was cited by the Chief of Naval Operations to have established new standards for Naval Surface Weapons systems.

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COMBAT SYSTEM ACQUISITION FOR NAVAL SURFACE COMBATANTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1978年第1期90卷 79-91页

作者： ROBINS, RR ROGERS, PA Mr. Robert R. Robinsis a Senior Systems Engineer with Scientific Management Associates Riverdale. Md. where he is presently involved in Combat System Development for the 3K SES. He has been engaged in various aspects of Combat System Design and Integration for the past nine years since receiving his BS degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Maryland in 1968. Mr. Paul A. Rogersis a Program Manager with Scientific Management Associates and presently he is managing SMA s Management Support for a variety of programs including SEAMOD. 3K SES. DDG—47. Sea Based Air Platforms Study and the HN—993. He has been involved in various aspects of Combat and Ship Systems Acquisition for the past fifteen years.

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WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION CATEGORIZATION FOR MILITARY VEHICLES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1978年第6期90卷 67-72页

作者： TEITLER, S PROODIAN, RE Dr. Sidney Teitler after receiving his Ph.D. in Physics from Syracuse University joined the Staff of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) where he carried out studies in various areas of experimental and theoretical Physics. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and from 1966 until 1967 spent a Sabbatical Leave at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen. Denmark. At present he divides his time between technical and management activities as Head of the Program and Resource Analysis Office at NRL. Mr. Robert E. Proodianreceived his BS degree in Plastics Technology from the Lowell Technological Institute and is currently enrolled in the Graduate School (Center for Technology and Administration) at The American University. He joined the Non—Metallic Materials Branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC) in 1968 where he was engaged in the technical management of R&D for new polymer systems for the Navy. In 1974 he joined NRL as a Program Liaison Officer for the Chemistry Division and in 1976 he was transferred to his present position in the Laboratory's Program and Resource Analysis Office.

The paper presents a compact method for displaying vehicle weight distributions and utilizes this in a discussion of design “trade—offs” for military vehicles.

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Listing service

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International Journal of Game Theory 1978年第2期7卷 125-128页

作者： Steven J. Brams John C. Harsanyi J. Keith Murnighan Alvin E. Roth Ariel Rubinstein Minoru Sakaguchi Philip D. Straffin H. P. -Young A. Levenglick Department of Politics New York University New York Center for Research in Management Science University of California Berkeley Department of Business Administration University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Israel Center for Research in Mathematical Economics and Game Theory The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Faculty of Engineering Science Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Mathematics Beloit College Beloit USA Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York USA IIASA - International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria Equitable Life Assurance Society of America New York

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