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Modeling supports the implementation of urban greening as a response to the challenges of sustainable spatial planning

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Journal of Environmental Management 2025年 386卷 125648页

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Da Seul Lee, Dong Kun Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong Kowloon Tong China Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Forest Disaster & Environment Department National Institute of Forest Science Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Urban greening is critical for sustainable urban development, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation. However, the effectiveness of urban greening varies depending on the specific goals (e.g., enhancing biodiversity, reducing urban heat, or both) and their spatial implementation. To address the spatial variability in the effectiveness of greening, we propose a spatial decision support model based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). This model aims to optimize urban greening locations to maximize biomass density, mitigate urban heat stress, and improve landscape connectivity. Applied to Suwon City, South Korea, the model's effectiveness was evaluated against a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario across four scenarios: connectivity-based, biomass density-based, heat stress-based, and an integrated-based scenario. The integrated approach, balancing trade-offs between ecological benefits and implementation costs, outperformed the BAU scenario by 8.84 %. Despite highlighting a weaker correlation with heat stress mitigation, this outcome indicates significant improvements in biomass density and landscape connectivity. Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated planning approach to urban greening, as it can contribute toward attaining urban development goals. Additionally, by proposing an app-based model for policymakers, our outputs should enable the reconciliation of multiple environmental objectives in urban landscapes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biotic

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Enhancing the Effectiveness of Heat Adaptation Strategies Through Citizen Science-Based Outdoor Thermal Comfort

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Lee, Dong Kun Bae, Chae Young Ko, Se Yean Won, Ji Eun Lee, Jae Hong Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Seongnam Research Institute 46 Dallaenae-ro Sujeong-gu Gyeonggi-do Seongnam-si Korea Republic of Carbon-Neutral Strategy Institute Inc 103 Hyundai ESA2 122 Banpo-daero Seocho-gu Seoul06647 Korea Republic of Suwon Climate Change Education Center 46-38 Homaesil-ro Gwonseon-gu Gyeonggi-do Suwon-si Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Urbanization and climate change increase heat stress and health risks in cities, necessitating effective response strategies. Traditional research has focused on thermal sensation in specific locales, overlooking the broad impacts of urban environments and the importance of regional and citizen input in crafting mitigation approaches. This study examines the effects of heat waves in Suwon City, analyzing thermal perception among residents across different urban spaces using citizen science. Data on temperature and subjective heat sensations were collected through homemade sensors over three years. The analysis investigated thermal sensation differences across spatial types— open high rise, open low rise, compact mid-rise, urban park, and lake park—utilizing boxplots, and examined thermal perception variations by age using the R program localized smoothing methodology. The results revealed significant differences in thermal sensation, especially above 32°C, with the highest discomfort reported in lake park areas and the lowest in open high-rise and low-rise zones. An age-related trend showed increased heat sensitivity among the 19–30 age group, decreasing in older participants. These findings underscore the limitations of one-size-fits-all heatwave responses and advocate for customized strategies informed by local conditions and resident experiences, highlighting the value of a bottom-up approach through citizen science. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate change

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Sequential Action-Based Dynamic Decision-Support Model for Urban Ecological Planning

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seok Hwan Kim, Ji Yeon Thorne, James H. Hyun, Jung Hee Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Smart Green Solution Team SK forest Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California One Shields Ave DavisCA95616 United States Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Decision-makers often encounter the challenge of efficient long-term ecological planning to consider economic and environmental trade-offs. However, tools to support stepwise mitigation strategies that account for dynamic ecological responses to continuing urban development are limited. Therefore, we developed a sequential action-based dynamic decision-making model to simulate stepwise mitigation measures in space over time using a multi-objective optimization algorithm. We focused on exploring the ecological corridors and habitat creation as mitigation measures through four decades to identify trade-offs and optimal plans that minimize landscape connectivity and edge density as ecological responses to urban development and minimize implementation costs per action. The results showed that adopting an initial low-investment strategy with sequential planning significantly enhanced potential ecological benefits beyond the 2000s compared with one-action planning. In contrast, the initial high-cost investment exhibited a gradual decline in the ecological benefits over time from 1995. The initial low-cost investment presented an opportunity to enhance ecological benefits by implementing early mitigation measures in locations capable of sustaining long-term ecological functions. The results suggest that sequential planning offers valuable insights into effective urban ecological planning by analyzing time-series data. This study enables step-by-step scenario testing, thereby supporting the facilitation of urban and regional sustainability planning. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Natural Reality:Connecting the Cinematic landscape Panorama to the Ideal Virtual landscape:Focused on the Seoyeon's House,from the Korean Movie "architecture 101"

Natural Reality:Connecting the Cinematic Landscape Panorama ...

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第17届中日韩风景园林学术研讨会

作者： Tae Kyung(James)Kwon Kyung-Jin Zoh Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture & Global Smart city engineering GSES Seoul National University Graduate School of Environment Studies Seoul National University

The landscape is the ideal picture and pursuit of ***,now,we're living in the very fatal unhealthy era of corona *** makes us very difficult to create a cultural space in public,although each nation pursuing dramatic changes in the short term to make people enjoy their daily life back with the beautiful landscape in their natural *** to IT technology,we could create many virtual reality worlds,and it has been recognized very well on many ***,Virtual landscape is the best substitute of the real landscape for an ideal life,but the limitation was the cost and time since it has needed many graphic artists and rendering time using the expensive GPU built in Graphic *** this study,using virtual reality technology,an attempt was made to put "Seoyeon's house" in Jeju Island from the beautiful cinematic panorama in the real world,the main stage of the famous Korean movie "architecture101",and the movie in a virtual *** an attempt to build a virtual cultural park with minimal cost and designers,and to install various sounds and images that are pursued in a cultural environment not by only considering the audience' eyes but also for their ears and emotional mind,breaking away from the existing planting at the site,exhibiting and displaying interior materials,***,the interaction was provided to users and various experiences were made in virtual *** want to call it "Natural Reality" against the term of "Virtual Reality".In particular,to minimize the existing 3 D modeling and graphics,which take a lot of time and cost,a high-definition 360 camera based on real world texture mapping was introduced,and by using images captured in the field,a higher real-time rendering speed and a sense of reality were given,and the optimal result was ***,through this study,by demonstrating the function as a digital theme park that conveys the vivid appearance of the scene by absorbing all the interior and landscape of the scene in the future mov

关键词： Virtual Reality Spatial culture planning Cinema mixed landscape architecture Natural Reality

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Educational Tourism Potentials of Argapura Village, Bogor Regency towards Pongkor UNESCO Global Geopark 4

Educational Tourism Potentials of Argapura Village, Bogor Re...

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4th International Symposium of Sustainable landscape Development, ISSLD 2019

作者： Setianata, A.A. Aidi, M.N. Gunawan, A. Study Program Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science Graduate School IPB University Indonesia Department of Statistics IPB University Indonesia Department of Landscape Architecture IPB University Indonesia

Argapura is one of the village areas in Cigudeg Subdistrict which has potential unique characteristics for a tourist destination, namely Geopark. Argapura Village is one of the Pongkor National Geopark development villages covering 15 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. Pongkor National Geopark is a unitary space with geodiversity, culturediversity and biodiversity which aims to preserve and protect the wealth of natural resources. The geopark is located very close to tourism activities, but the existing tour has not specifically touched the educational aspect (educational tourism). Educational tourism is a tourism packaging program that is loaded with educational values in each of its activities. Argapura Village needs to be developed educational tourism aimed at all visitors. The objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the potential of educational tourism objects in Argapura Village, and to arrange educational tourism program in Argapura Village. Data collection through literature studies, field surveys and interviews with stakeholders. Data analysis using tables and described based on the criteria of educational values and geopark elements. The results of study showed that Argapura Village has two main potential attractions/educational tourism objects, namely Angklung Gubrag and Gudawang Caves. Angklung Gubrag is an educational tourism attraction that has high cultural, historical and religious values. Gudawang Cave is an educational tourism object in the form of karst ecosystem. In addition to the both of tourism objects, there are several other potential tourism objects and characteristics of the Geopark. The Argapura Village educational tourism was compiled includes two main programs, namely the half-day and the full-day visiting programs. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Biodiversity

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landscape Design for Improved Thermal Environment: An Optimized Tree Arrangement Design for Climate-Responsive Outdoor Spaces in Residential Buildings

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Ji Yeon Park, Chae Yeon Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Sang Hyuck Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Smart Green Solution team SK forest Seoul Korea Republic of National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8506 Japan Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

The heat reduction effect of trees has been investigated through numerical simulations;however, there are still challenges to applying the scientific results to the planning process due to the model's complexity and the computational resources required. This study investigates a rapid spatial evaluation method for heat stress potential, measured by mean radiant temperature (MRT), by decomposing radiation into sub-radiation using a multilayer MRT model. This method also enables the reproduction of optimized layouts considering the effect of tree arrangement in residential buildings. Multi-objectives were achieved through an evolutionary algorithm, resulting in more effective design layouts combining tree types and arrangements, all within a standard budget. By adopting this study's approach, landscape designers can create climate-responsive tree layouts with reduced heat exposure and generate customized planting designs tailored to their preferences. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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CRISPR/Cas genome editing in soybean: challenges and new insights to overcome existing bottlenecks

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Journal of Advanced Research 2024年

作者： Freitas-Alves, Nayara Sabrina Moreira-Pinto, Clidia E. Távora, Fabiano T.P.K. Paes-de-Melo, Bruno Arraes, Fabricio B.M. Lourenço-Tessutti, Isabela T. Moura, Stéfanie M. Oliveira, Antonio C. Morgante, Carolina V. Qi, Yiping Fatima Grossi-de-Sa, Maria Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology DF Brasília Brazil Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) PR Curitiba Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology INCT PlantStress Biotech EMBRAPA DF Brasília Brazil Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL) RS Pelotas Brazil Embrapa Semi-Arid PE Petrolina Brazil Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD United States Catholic University of Brasília Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology DF Brasília Brazil Catholic University Dom Bosco Graduate Program in Biotechnology MS Campo Grande Brazil

Background: Soybean is a worldwide-cultivated crop due to its applications in the food, feed, and biodiesel industries. Genome editing in soybean began with ZFN and TALEN technologies;however, CRISPR/Cas has emerged and shortly became the preferable approach for soybean genome manipulation since it is more precise, easy to handle, and cost-effective. Recent reports have focused on the conventional Cas9 nuclease, Cas9 nickase (nCas9) derived base editors, and Cas12a (formally Cpf1) as the most commonly used genome editors in soybean. Nonetheless, several challenges in the complex plant genetic engineering pipeline need to be overcome to effectively edit the genome of an elite soybean cultivar. These challenges include (1) optimizing CRISPR cassette design (i.e., gRNA and Cas promoters, gRNA design and testing, number of gRNAs, and binary vector), (2) improving transformation frequency, (3) increasing the editing efficiency ratio of targeted plant cells, and (4) improving soybean crop production. Aim of review: This review provides an overview of soybean genome editing using CRISPR/Cas technology, discusses current challenges, and highlights theoretical (insights) and practical suggestions to overcome the existing bottlenecks. Key scientific concepts of review: The CRISPR/Cas system was discovered as part of the bacterial innate immune system. It has been used as a biotechnological tool for genome editing and efficiently applied in soybean to unveil gene function, improve agronomic traits such as yield and nutritional grain quality, and enhance biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. To date, the efficiency of gRNAs has been validated using protoplasts and hairy root assays, while stable plant transformation relies on Agrobacterium-mediated and particle bombardment methods. Nevertheless, most steps of the CRISPR/Cas workflow require optimizations to achieve a more effective genome editing in soybean plants. © 2024

关键词： Base editors Cas12a CRISPR/Cas9 Crops Genetic transformation Glycine max

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Rapid assessment checklist for green roof ecosystem services in Bangkok,Thailand

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 205-221页

作者： Rattanapan Phoomirat Nipada Ruankaew Disyatat Tae Yoon Park Dong Kun Lee Pongchai Dumrongrojwatthana Biological Sciences Program Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Graduate School of Education Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Background:A green roof is a man-made ecosystem created when a rooftop is covered with substrate and *** green roof ecosystems(GREs)are able to provide ecosystem services,there is currently no assessment tool available to specifically evaluate ***,the aim of this study was to develop a rapid assessment checklist(RAC)to assess GRE services(GRES),which was developed and tested on 10 green roofs in Bangkok,***:The RAC consisted of 46 proxy indicators(33 qualitative and 13 quantitative indicators)encompassing various aspects of *** GRES values or scores varied according to structural differences in the green *** average score(from a maximum of 100)of total ecosystem services was 61±7,which could be inferred as a good performance in ecosystem service *** highest scores were obtained from the regulating services at 68±*** lowest average score was 53±11 from the provisioning ***:The RAC was able to evaluate the levels of GRES provided by the selected green roofs,enabling the meaningful comparison of their potential capability to provide ***,this RAC could be an innovative tool for evaluation of four categories of GRES.

关键词： Vegetated roof Evaluation Composite indicator Urban ecosystem Ecosystem management

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The Impact of Urban Morphology on Thermal Environment Under Extreme Heat: A Case Study in Nanjing, China

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Yuhan Chen, Cen Lin, Jiayi Lin, Dongli Kong, Ying Zhang, Yaowen Li, Yingnan Department of Environmental Design Seoul National University Graduate School of Environmental Studies Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Design School of Arts Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China Department of Environmental Planning Institute Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Faculty of Science The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia

The diverse urban morphology leads to different microclimates in urban areas. However, little is known about the relationship between different types of urban morphology in humid subtropical climate during extreme heat. Therefore, we selected six types of streets with three building heights and two street orientations in the Nanjing, China, and examined how they impact differently on thermal environment under extreme heat. Our results showed that: (1) the cooling effects of street orientation in NE-SW (Northeast to Southwest) was more effective than the street orientation in N-S (North to South) (3) Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) in the "Very hot"(PET above 41°C) level was consistently lower on N-S street orientation compared to NE-SW street orientation throughout the day, with the difference decreasing as building height increased. (4) The worst thermal comfort was indicated in the NE-SW street orientation with Low-rise buildings, where the proportion of "Very hot" level in 63%. Conversely, the lowest proportion is 42.7% for Middle-rise buildings on the N-S street orientation, indicating the best thermal comfort in this study. Our findings provide new insights for urban planners and policymakers in promoting healthy cities and environmentally friendly cities through rational urban morphology planning. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal comfort

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Walkability vs. walking: assessing outcomes of walkability at Southeast False Creek, Vancouver, Canada

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Journal of Urbanism 2019年第4期12卷 456-475页

作者： Girling, Cynthia Zheng, K. Monti, A. Ebneshahidi, M. School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji University Shanghai China Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

If a neighbourhood is designed and built according to best practices for walkable neighbourhood design, will people respond and walk in the public realm? This was a narrowly focused case study of a brownfield redevelopment in Vancouver, Canada, intentionally designed to be highly walkable. Methods included a Walk Score® analysis, both in-person and video observational studies of people using three public spaces over a nine-month period, supplemented with questionnaires. Observational studies and questionnaires revealed high numbers of people using the public spaces for walking and active mobility throughout the year in all weather conditions, validating a very high Walk Score®. However, the study also uncovered unexpected patterns of walking and motivations for walking, which reveals the value of post-occupancy observational and survey studies to fully understand how specific attributes of the neighbourhood landscape may significantly change what people value and how they use the public realm. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： access to nature post occupancy observation social interaction urban greenways walkability index Walkable neighbourhood

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