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Gut microbiota composition can reflect immune responses of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with poorly controlled diabetes

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Respiratory research 2023年第1期24卷 11页

作者： Hung-Ling Huang Yong-Chun Luo Po-Liang Lu Cheng-Hsieh Huang Kun-Der Lin Meng-Rui Lee Meng-Hsuan Cheng Yao-Tsung Yeh Cheng-Yuan Kao Jann-Yuan Wang Jinn-Moon Yang Inn-Wen Chong Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital 68 Jhonghua 3rd Rd Cianjin District Kaohsiung 80145 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan. Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Kaohsiung Medical University 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center Fooyin University 151 Jinxue Rd. Daliao Dist. Kaohsiung 83102 Taiwan. Ph. D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Fooyin University 151 Jinxue Rd. Daliao Dist. Kaohsiung 83102 Taiwan. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital 7 Chung-Shan South Rd. Zhongzheng Dist. Taipei 100225 Taiwan. Department of Respiratory Therapy Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan. Immunology Research Center National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Zhunan Town Miaoli 35053 Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital 7 Chung-Shan South Rd. Zhongzheng Dist. Taipei 100225 Taiwan. jywang@ntu.edu.tw. Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan. moon@faculty.nctu.edu.tw. Department of Biologica

BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Evidence has linked the DM-related dysbiosis of gut microbiota to modifiable host immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. However, the crosslinks between gut microbiota composition and immunological effects on the development of latent TB infection (LTBI) in DM patients remain uncertain. METHODS:We prospectively obtained stool, blood samples, and medical records from 130 patients with poorly-controlled DM (pDM), defined as ever having an HbA1c > 9.0% within previous 1 year. Among them, 43 had LTBI, as determined by QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-Tube assay. The differences in the taxonomic diversity of gut microbiota between LTBI and non-LTBI groups were investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, and a predictive algorithm was established using a random forest model. Serum cytokine levels were measured to determine their correlations with gut microbiota. RESULTS:Compared with non-LTBI group, the microbiota in LTBI group displayed a similar alpha-diversity but different beta-diversity, featuring decrease of Prevotella_9, Streptococcus, and Actinomyces and increase of Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Blautia at the genus level. The accuracy was 0.872 for the LTBI prediction model using the aforementioned 6 microbiome-based biomarkers. Compared with the non-LTBI group, the LTBI group had a significantly lower serum levels of IL-17F (p = 0.025) and TNF-α (p = 0.038), which were correlated with the abundance of the aforementioned 6 taxa. CONCLUSIONS:The study results suggest that gut microbiome composition maybe associated with host immunity relevant to TB status, and gut microbial signature might be helpful for the diagnosis of LTBI.

关键词： Diabetic mellitus Gut microbiota Immunity Latent tuberculosis infection

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Phosphor-IWS1-dependent U2AF2 splicing regulates trafficking of CAR-E-positive intronless gene mRNAs and sensitivity to viral infection

Communications biology

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Communications biology 2021年第1期4卷 1179页

作者： Georgios I Laliotis Adam D Kenney Evangelia Chavdoula Arturo Orlacchio Abdul Kaba Alessandro La Ferlita Vollter Anastas Christos Tsatsanis Joal D Beane Lalit Sehgal Vincenzo Coppola Jacob S Yount Philip N Tsichlis Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Columbus OH 43210 USA. glaliot1@jhmi.edu. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus OH 43210 USA. glaliot1@jhmi.edu. University of Crete School of Medicine Heraklion Crete 71500 Greece. glaliot1@jhmi.edu. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Oncology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA. glaliot1@jhmi.edu. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Infectious Diseases Institute The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Bioinformatics Unit University of Catania Catania 95131 Italy. Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Program in Genetics Boston MA 02111 USA. University of Crete School of Medicine Heraklion Crete 71500 Greece. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Heraklion Crete 70013 Greece. Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Medicine Division of Hematology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Columbus OH 43210 USA. Philip.tsichlis@osumc.edu. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus OH 43210 USA. Philip.tsichlis@osumc.edu. Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Program in Genetics Boston MA 02111 USA. Philip.tsichlis@osumc.edu.

AKT-phosphorylated IWS1 promotes Histone H3K36 trimethylation and alternative RNA splicing of target genes, including the U2AF65 splicing factor-encoding U2AF2. The predominant U2AF2 transcript, upon IWS1 phosphorylation block, lacks the RS-domain-encoding exon 2, and encodes a protein which fails to bind Prp19. Here we show that although both U2AF65 isoforms bind intronless mRNAs containing cytoplasmic accumulation region elements (CAR-E), only the RS domain-containing U2AF65 recruits Prp19 and promotes their nuclear export. The loading of U2AF65 to CAR-Elements was RS domain-independent, but RNA PolII-dependent. Virus- or poly(I:C)-induced type I IFNs are encoded by genes targeted by the pathway. IWS1 phosphorylation-deficient cells therefore, express reduced levels of IFNα1/IFNβ1 proteins, and exhibit enhanced sensitivity to infection by multiple cytolytic viruses. Enhanced sensitivity of IWS1-deficient cells to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Reovirus resulted in enhanced apoptotic cell death via caspase activation. Inhibition of this pathway may therefore sensitize cancer cells to oncolytic viruses.

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Monitoring microbial responses to ocean deoxygenation in a model oxygen minimum zone

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Scientific Data 2017年第1期4卷 170158页

作者： Hallam, Steven J. Torres-Beltrán, Mónica Hawley, Alyse K. Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 BC Canada Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z2 BC Canada Genome Science and Technology Program University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC Canada Graduate Program in Bioinformatics University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC Canada ECOSCOPE Training Program University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC Canada

Today in Scientific Data, two compendia of geochemical and multi-omic sequence information (DNA, RNA, protein) generated over almost a decade of time series monitoring in a seasonally anoxic coastal marine setting are presented to the scientific community. These data descriptors introduce a model ecosystem for the study of microbial responses to ocean deoxygenation, a phenotype that is currently expanding due to climate change. Public access to this time series information is intended to promote scientific collaborations and the generation of new hypotheses relevant to microbial ecology, biogeochemistry and global change issues. © The Author(s) 2017.

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Using LICHeE and BAMSE for Reconstructing Cancer Phylogenetic Trees

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Current Protocols in bioinformatics 2018年第1期62卷 e49-e49页

作者： Ricketts, Camir Popic, Victoria Toosi, Hosein Hajirasouliha, Iman Tri-I Computational Biology & Medicine Graduate Program Cornell University New York NY United States Institute for Computational Biomedicine Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY United States Illumina Inc. Illumina Mission Bay San Francisco CA United States Department of Bioinformatics Institute for Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Tehran Iran Englander Institute for Precision Medicine The Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell Medicine New York United States

The reconstruction of cancer phylogeny trees and quantifying the evolution of the disease is a challenging task. LICHeE and BAMSE are two computational tools designed and implemented recently for this purpose. They both utilize estimated variant allele fraction of somatic mutations across multiple samples to infer the most likely cancer phylogenies. This unit provides extensive guidelines for installing and running both LICHeE and BAMSE. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： cancer phylogeny deep sequencing next-generation sequencing somatic variations tumor heterogeneity

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Neither pulled nor pushed: Genetic drift and front wandering uncover a new class of reaction-diffusion waves

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Birzu, Gabriel Hallatschek, Oskar Korolev, Kirill S. Department of Physics Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Departments of Physics and Integrative Biology University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

Short Abstract: Traveling waves describe diverse natural phenomena from crystal growth in physics to range expansions in biology. Two classes of waves exist with very different properties: pulled and pushed. Pulled waves are driven by high growth rates at the expansion edge, where the number of organisms is small and fluctuations are large. In contrast, fluctuations are suppressed in pushed waves because the region of maximal growth is shifted towards the population bulk. Although it is commonly believed that expansions are either pulled or pushed, we found an intermediate class of waves with bulk-driven growth, but exceedingly large fluctuations. These waves are unusual because their properties are controlled by both the leading edge and the bulk of the front. Long Abstract: Epidemics, flame propagation, and cardiac rhythms are classic examples of reaction-diffusion waves that describe a switch from one alternative state to another. Only two types of waves are known: pulled, driven by the leading edge, and pushed, driven by the bulk of the wave. Here, we report a distinct class of semi-pushed waves for which both the bulk and the leading edge contribute to the dynamics. These hybrid waves have the kinetics of pushed waves, but exhibit giant fluctuations similar to pulled waves. The transitions between pulled, semi-pushed, and fully-pushed waves occur at universal ratios of the wave velocity to the Fisher velocity. We derive these results in the context of a species invading a new habitat by examining front diffusion, rate of diversity loss, and fluctuation-induced corrections to the expansion velocity. All three quantities decrease as a power law of the population density with the same exponent. We analytically calculate this exponent taking into account the fluctuations in the shape of the wave front. For fully-pushed waves, the exponent is -1 consistent with the central limit theorem. In semi-pushed waves, however, the fluctuations average out much more slowly, a

关键词： Population statistics

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Innovative computational advances for disease outbreaks

Innovative computational advances for disease outbreaks

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World Congress on Engineering 2016, WCE 2016

作者： Gebreyesus, Kidane Desta Chang, Chuan-Hsiung Institute of Information Science Bioinformatics Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology Institute of Biomedical Informatics National Yang-Ming University Taipei 112 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789881925305

SIR (susceptible, infectious, removed) epidemic models are commonly used in infectious disease study. These models use systems of differential equations to estimate epidemiological parameters. However, differential equations often suffer from numerical challenges. Here, we proposed simple, effective and robust innovative methods for estimating key infectious disease parameters. Our methods are reformed from the SIR models, by adjusting components of model compartments. We illustrated the methods using the recent large disease outbreaks, Ebola virus disease and Middle East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus.

关键词： Coronavirus

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Author Correction: Cellular deconvolution of GTEx tissues powers discovery of disease and cell-type associated regulatory variants

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Nature communications 2020年第1期11卷 4426页

作者： Margaret K R Donovan Agnieszka D'Antonio-Chronowska Matteo D'Antonio Kelly A Frazer Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA. Department of Pediatrics and Rady Children's Hospital University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA. Department of Pediatrics and Rady Children's Hospital University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA. madantonio@health.ucsd.edu. Department of Pediatrics and Rady Children's Hospital University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA. kafrazer@health.ucsd.edu. Institute for Genomic Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA. kafrazer@health.ucsd.edu.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Diversity and longitudinal records: Genetic architecture of disease associations and polygenic risk in the Taiwanese Han population

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Science advances 2025年第23期11卷 eadt0539页

作者： Ting-Yuan Liu Hsing-Fang Lu Yu-Chia Chen Chi-Chou Liao Ying-Ju Lin Jai-Sing Yang Wen-Ling Liao Wei-De Lin Shih-Yin Chen Yu-Chuen Huang Wei-Yong Lin Yu-Huei Liu Kai-Cheng Hsu Shih-Sheng Chang Hong-Da Chen Yu-Pao Chou Jan-Gowth Chang Chung-Hsing Wang Chwen-Tzuei Chang Chung-Ming Huang Kai-Jieh Yeo Tzu-Yuan Wang Chin-Chung Yeh Jiunn-Horng Chen Chi-Ping Huang Hsueh-Chou Lai Rong-Hsing Chen Hui-Ju Lin Po-Yuan Wu Jiu-Yao Wang Chin-Chi Kuo Der-Yang Cho Chang-Hai Tsai Fuu-Jen Tsai Million-person precision medicine initiative Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Master Program for Digital Health Innovation China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan. Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Genetic Center Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan. Center for Personalized Medicine Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung 406040 Taiwan. School of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan. Drug Development Center China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan. Artificial Intelligence Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Department of Neurology China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Department of Medicine China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan. Department of Laboratory Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering Asia University Taichung 41300 Taiwan. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan. Division of Genetics and Metabolism Children's Hospital of China Medical University Taichung 404447 Taiwan. Intelligent Diabetes Metabolism and Exercise Center Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Division of Endocrine and Metabolism China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Department of Urology China Medical University Hospital Taichung 40402 Taiwan. Cen

We addressed the underrepresentation of non-European populations in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) by building HiGenome, a large-scale genetic resource for the Taiwanese Han population. Using a custom genotyping array, we integrated deidentified electronic medical records (2003 to 2021) with genomic data to enable GWASs, phenome-wide association studies, and polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. Among 413,000 participants, 323,397 passed ancestry and quality control filtering. GWASs covered 1085 traits, focusing on diseases prevalent in Taiwan such as type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, gout, and alcoholic liver damage. PRSs were calculated for 238 traits, with the strongest associations observed in musculoskeletal disorders. Incorporating PRS into clinical practice supports early risk prediction and personalized prevention. To further expand translational value, we also conducted pharmacogenomic analysis and human leukocyte antigen typing. HiGenome offers a large-scale genetic and clinical dataset from the Taiwanese Han population, supporting population-specific analyses and precision medicine development in East Asia. The hospital-based design enables continuous follow-up and longitudinal data expansion.

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Crowdsourcing annotation system of object counting dataset for deep learning algorithm

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期195卷

作者： Tjeng Wawan Cenggoro Fidelson Tanzil Ayu Hidayah Aslamiah Ettikan Kandasamy Karuppiah Bens Pardamean Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 NVIDIA Corporation Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

Deep Learning is currently the state-of-the-art technique for various Computer Vision tasks, including object counting. Despite of its high performance, Deep Learning requires a gigantic amount of training data to show its best result. Getting this massive data in reasonable time requires a proper strategy such as crowdsourcing. However, in case of object counting, we found no crowdsourcing system able to effectively collect necessary data. To tackle this problem, we develop a crowdsourcing system to annotate image for object counting dataset. This system is also equipped with validation system to ensure the quality of collected dataset.

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Publisher Correction: A phenotypic spectrum of autism is attributable to the combined effects of rare variants, polygenic risk and sex

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Nature genetics 2022年第8期54卷 1259页

作者： Danny Antaki James Guevara Adam X Maihofer Marieke Klein Madhusudan Gujral Jakob Grove Caitlin E Carey Oanh Hong Maria J Arranz Amaia Hervas Christina Corsello Keith K Vaux Alysson R Muotri Lilia M Iakoucheva Eric Courchesne Karen Pierce Joseph G Gleeson Elise B Robinson Caroline M Nievergelt Jonathan Sebat Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Beyster Center for Psychiatric Genomics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Institute for Genomic Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Department of Neurosciences University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark. The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH Aarhus Denmark. Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine and Center for Integrative Sequencing iSEQ Aarhus Denmark. Bioinformatics Research Centre Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Cambridge MA USA. Research Laboratory Unit Fundacio Docencia i Recerca Mutua Terrassa Spain. Child and Adolescent Mental Health Unit Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa Barcelona Spain. TEACCH Autism Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA. Human Longevity Inc. San Diego CA USA. Department of Pediatrics and Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine University of California San Diego School of Medicine Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny Archealization Center Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind La Jolla CA USA. Autism Center of Excellence University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Beyster Center for Psychiatric Genomics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. jsebat@ucsd.edu. Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. jsebat@ucsd.edu. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. jsebat@ucsd.edu. Institute for Genomic Medicine University of Californi

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