检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

SSRN 2023年

作者： de Andrade Medeiros, Sandra Regina Nunes Bezerra, Iverson Conrado Pedroza, Lucas Aleixo Leal da Silva, Artur José Martins, Regildo Max Gomes Menezes, Thaís Meira Moniz, Ana Maria Henrique de Melo, Ana Cristina Gonçalves Reis Paiva, Weslley Souza Chagas, Edvan Alves Neves, Jorge L. Gubert, Priscila de Melo Filho, Antonio Alves 69310-000 Av. Capitão Ene Garcês nº2413 Aeroporto RR Boa Vista Brazil 50740-425 Av. Prof. Morais Rego S/N University City PE Recife Brazil 69077-000 Av. General Rodrigo Otávio 3000 Coroado Amazonas Manaus Brazil Engineering Campus Recife54518-430 Brazil RR Boa Vista69310-000 Brazil Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil BR 174 69301-970 Distrito Industrial Km 497 RR Boa Vista Brazil 50740-560 Av. Jorn Anibal Fernandes S/N University City PE Recife Brazil Graduate Program in Biology Applied to Health Federal University of Pernambuco 50740-425 Av. Prof. Morais Rego S/N University City PE Recife Brazil RR Boa Vista69310-000 Brazil

Bauhinia ungulata species, popularly known as "pata de vaca", is among the species of medicinal use in Brazil, widely used in the treatment of diabetes. However, this work has as main objective to study the interaction of the chemical constituents present in the essential oil of Bauhinia ungulata (EOBU), collected in Boa Vista-RR, Legal Amazon, and its effects on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Analyzes such as gas chromatography, proton magnetic resonance (1H NMR), enzymatic inhibition, molecular docking, prediction of in silico toxicity, enrichment analysis, prediction of biological interaction targets, and determination of antioxidant activity were performed. Chromatographic analysis revealed 25 components, of which the main ones were α-Bisabolol (27.2%), β-Caryophyllene (12.5%), Epi-γ-eudesmol (13.6%), α-Humulene (4. 5%), Caryophyllene Oxide (4.3%), γ-Muurolene (3.4%). In AChE inhibition tests, the essential oil obtained 100% inhibition. The major component α-Bisabolol showed alteration in the chemical shift in the 1H NMR spectrum, suggesting that this compound possibly interacts with the AChE enzyme, which corroborates molecular docking. In tests of antioxidant activity, EOBU showed a CAT value of 618.79 mg of ascorbic acid equivalent, ability to scavenge free radicals around 43% and 65%, iron chelation capacity, and 96% of total phenols. The results of this work showed that EOBU acted as a possible inhibitor of the AChE enzyme in both in vitro and in silico assays and also as a potent antioxidant, which can be used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antioxidants

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Primary Motor Cortex Stimulation Attenuates Cold Allodynia in a Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Condition in <i>Rattus norvegicus</i>

引用

World Journal of Neuroscience 2019年第3期9卷 138-152页

作者： Priscila Medeiros Sylmara Esther Negrini-Ferrari Ana Carolina Medeiros Lais Leite Ferreira Josie Resende Torres da Silva José Aparecido da Silva Norberto Cysne Coimbra Renato Leonardo de Freitas Neurosciences aboratory of Pain & Emotions and Multi-User Centre of Neuroelectrophysiology Department of Surgery and Anatomy Ribeir&atilde o Preto Medical School of the University of S&atilde o Paulo Ribeir&atilde o Preto S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology Department of Pharmacology Ribeir&atilde o Preto Medical School of the University of S&atilde o Paulo (FMRP-USP) Ribeir&atilde o Preto (SP) Brazil Biomedical Sciences Institute Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG) Alfenas Minas Gerais (MG) Brazil Motricity Sciences Institute UNIFAL-MG Alfenas MG Brazil Post-Graduate Program of Biosciences Applied to Health (PPGB) UNIFAL Biomedical Sciences Institute Alfenas MG Brazil Department of Psychology Ribeir&atilde o Preto School of Philosophy Sciences and Literature of the University of S&atilde o Paulo FFCLRP-USP Ribeir&atilde o Preto Brazil Department of Psychology Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF-MG) Juiz de Fora (MG) Brazil Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC) Ribeir&atilde o Preto (SP) Brazil

Background: The primary motor cortex (M1) stimulation (MCS) is a useful tool for attenuation of the peripheral neuropathic pain in patients with pharmacologically refractory pain. Furthermore, that neurological procedure may also cause antinociception in rodents with neuropathic pain. Cold allodynia is a frequent clinical finding in patients with neuropathic pain, then, we evaluated if an adapted model of neuropathy induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the ischiadicus nervus (sciatic nerve) produces cold allodynia in an animal model of chronic pain. In addition, we also investigated the effect of the electrical stimulation of the M1 on chronic neuropathic pain condition in laboratory animals. Methods: Male Wistar rats were used. An adapted model of peripheral mononeuropathy induced by CCI was carried out by placing a single loose ligature around the right sciatic nerve. The acetone test was used to evaluate the cold allodynia in CCI or Sham (without ligature) rats. The MCS (M1) was performed at low-frequency (20 μA, 100 Hz) during 15 s by deep brain stimulation (DBS-Thomas Recording device) 21 days after CCI or Sham procedures. The cold allodynia was measured before and immediately after the neurostimulation of M1 in the following time-window: 0, 15 and 30 min after MCS. Results: Cold allodynia threshold increased in animals with chronic neuropathic pain submitted to the acetone test 21 days after the CCI surgery. The M1-stimulation by DBS procedure decreased the cold allodynia immediately and until 30 min after M1-stimulation in rats with chronic neuropathic pain. Conclusion: The current proposal for a CCI model by a single loose ligature of the sciatic nerve can be employed as an experimental model of chronic neuropathic pain in rats submitted to peripheral nervous system injury. The M1-stimulation produced antinociception in rats with chronic neuropathic pain. Thus, we reinforced that the MCS decreases cold allodynia in laboratory animals submitted to

关键词： Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Chronic Pain Sciatic Nerve Chronic Constriction Injury Cold Allodynia Primary Motor Cortex Stimulation Antinociception

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Preference of Dogs Towards Feeding Toys Made of Natural Rubber, and Their Potential to Improve Canine Behaviour: A Study Based on Owners' Observations

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Boonhoh, Worakan Saramolee, Prachid Sriphavatsarakom, Prarom Amaek, Waluka Waran, Natalie Wongtawan, Tuempong Animal Behaviour Research Group Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Center of Excellence in Innovation on Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand One Health Research Center Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Material Sciences and Engineering Program School of Engineering and Resources Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80161 Thailand Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science Faculty of Veterinary Science Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73170 Thailand College of Graduate Studies Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Faculty of Education Humanities and Health Science Eastern Institute of Technology Hawke's Bay 4142 New Zealand

Improper feeding methods can be linked to canine behaviour problems, as the conventional bowl-feeding approach fail to mimic natural behaviour and is associated with obesity. Feeding toys can potentially contribute to the enhancement of dog behaviour by mimicking natural hunting behaviour and promoting increased canine activity. Para rubber is a natural rubber with high flexibility and is tolerant of animal teeth, making it safer for animals compared to plastic and silicone. This study had two main objectives: firstly, to examine dogs' preferences for the scent and colour added to a para rubber product;and secondly, to explore the impact of using para rubber feeding toys on dog behaviours. The feeding toys were produced from natural rubber, with added scents and colours incorporated during their production. Subsequently, these toys were distributed to dog owners for evaluation. Owners completed the Thai version of the C-BARQ questionnaire, which evaluate canine behaviour both prior to and following a month of interaction with the toys. The findings indicated that dogs exhibited a preference for yellow toys over blue ones, as well as a preference for vanilla-scented toys compared to those with a beef scent. Following one month of consistent use of the para rubber toy, dogs tended to reduce various undesirable behaviours. Notably, overexcitement behaviour showed a nearly threefold decrease, and this reduction was statistically significant (p = 0.003). These outcomes emphasise the potential of natural rubber feeding toys in mitigating excitation-related behaviours, while also highlighting dogs' preference towards specific colours and scents. Consequently, there is a suggestion that enhancing toys with appealing scents or colours might foster greater interaction between dogs and their toys, potentially leading to a positive influence on their overall behavioural welfare. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Structural basis of ligand recognition at the human MT1 melatonin receptor (vol 569, pg 284, 2019)

引用

NATURE 2019年第7756期569卷 E6-E6页

作者： Stauch, Benjamin Johansson, Linda C. McCorvy, John D. Patel, Nilkanth Han, Gye Won Huang, Xi-Ping Gati, Cornelius Batyuk, Alexander Slocum, Samuel T. Ishchenko, Andrii Brehm, Wolfgang White, Thomas A. Michaelian, Nairie Madsen, Caleb Zhu, Lan Grant, Thomas D. Grandner, Jessica M. Shiriaeva, Anna Olsen, Reid H. J. Tribo, Alexandra R. Yous, Said Stevens, Raymond C. Weierstall, Uwe Katritch, Vsevolod Roth, Bryan L. Liu, Wei Cherezov, Vadim Bridge Institute USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Bioscience Division Menlo Park CA USA Stanford University Department of Structural Biology Stanford CA USA Linac Coherent Light Source SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA USA Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY Hamburg Germany Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA School of Molecular Sciences and Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery Biodesign Institute Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA Hauptman-Woodward Institute Department of Structural Biology Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Univ Lille Inserm CHU Lille UMR-S 1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer Lille France Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Eshelman School of Pharmacy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neurohormone that maintains circadian rhythms1 by synchronization to environmental cues and is involved in diverse physiological processes2 such as the regulation of blood... 详细信息

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neurohormone that maintains circadian rhythms¹ by synchronization to environmental cues and is involved in diverse physiological processes² such as the regulation of blood pressure and core body temperature, oncogenesis, and immune function³. Melatonin is formed in the pineal gland in a light-regulated manner⁴ by enzymatic conversion from 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin), and modulates sleep and wakefulness⁵ by activating two high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors, type 1A (MT₁) and type 1B (MT₂)^3,6. Shift work, travel, and ubiquitous artificial lighting can disrupt natural circadian rhythms; as a result, sleep disorders affect a substantial population in modern society and pose a considerable economic burden⁷. Over-the-counter melatonin is widely used to alleviate jet lag and as a safer alternative to benzodiazepines and other sleeping aids^8,9, and is one of the most popular supplements in the United States¹⁰. Here, we present high-resolution room-temperature X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) structures of MT₁ in complex with four agonists: the insomnia drug ramelteon¹¹, two melatonin analogues, and the mixed melatonin-serotonin antidepressant agomelatine^12,13. The structure of MT₂ is described in an accompanying paper¹⁴. Although the MT₁ and 5-HT receptors have similar endogenous ligands, and agomelatine acts on both receptors, the receptors differ markedly in the structure and composition of their ligand pockets; in MT₁, access to the ligand pocket is tightly sealed from solvent by extracellular loop 2, leaving only a narrow channel between transmembrane helices IV and V that connects it to the lipid bilayer. The binding site is extremely compact, and ligands interact with MT₁ mainly by strong aromatic s

关键词： G protein-coupled receptors X-ray crystallography

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Proceedings from the IV Brazilian Meeting on Research Integrity, Science and Publication Ethics (IV BRISPE)

引用

Research Integrity and Peer Review 2017年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： Sonia Vasconcelos Edson Watanabe L. P. Garcia E. Duarte M. C. Cassimiro M. M. P. Diós-Borges A. M. M. Soares C. H. Debenedito Silva A. A. P. Santa Rosa G. A. Fófano H. S. Pinheiro A. M. Gollner C. C. Santos S. M. R. Vasconcelos D. C. Machado P. V. S. Souza R. T. Souza M. D Ribeiro P. Biancovilli M. Fontes-Domingues V. C. Garbocci R. Neves M. D. Ribeiro R. Amaral M. M. M. Machado P. M. Lourenço V. Ronchi A. C. Furnival L. S. Gracioso M. D. P. Silva F. M. Litto M. Patrão Neves A. S. Carvalho J. Araújo S. Liskauskas R. Kant de Lima S. C. Bourguignon F. R. Mota H. G. Falcão J. C. Amaral A. C. Quintela A. Schtscherbyna A. Palma C. A. Guimarães D. Foguel E. H. Watanabe R. M. V. R. Almeida J. R. Lapa e Silva M. M. Sorenson B. C. Machado A. P. Vicentini A. A. B. Almodóvar R. M. Catarino H. H. Caiaffa Filho E. Damasio J. Leta L. V. R. Rezende S. Cruz-Riascos A. Abreu M. Russo P. G. Camacho M. Palácios N. R. A. Silva M. R. C. G. Novaes D. Guilhem H. S Selistre-de-Araujo A. S. C. Abreu Science Education Program Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Committee on Research Integrity (CRI) Advisory Council for Research Ethics (CTEP) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Program (PEE) Institute Alberto Luiz Coimbra of Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA) Brasília Federal District Brazil Secretary for Health Surveillance Ministry of Health Brasília Federal District Brazil Scientific Integrity Committee Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Scientific Integrity Committee Oswaldo Cruz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Bioethics Institute Catholic University of Portugal Porto Portugal Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil National Cancer Institute (INCA) Cancer Hospital IV - Ethics Committee for Clinical Research Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal General Hospital of Bonsucesso Rio de Janeiro Brazil Human Research Ethics Committee University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UJFJ) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Faculty of Southeastern Minas Gerais (FACSUM) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil São Pedro Educational Institute (IESPe) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UJFJ) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Department of Biology and Sciences Pedro II School Rio de Janeiro Brazil Science Education Program Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IBqM/UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Professional Masters Program in Science Education Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Research Ethics Committee Clementino Fraga Filho University Hos

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of positive airway pressure on heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in healthy subjects

引用

Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical 2011年第1期163卷 42-42页

作者： Gonçalves, T.R. Barros, R.B.M. Nunes, M.V.L. Farinatti, P.T.V. Giannella Neto, A. Soares, P.P. Fluminense Federal University Laboratory Experimental and Applied Exercise Physiology Brazil Rio de Janeiro Federal University Biomedical Engineering Program Brazil Physical Activity and Health Promotion Laboratory (LABSAU) Physical Education and Sports Institute State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil - Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences of the Salgado de Oliveira University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluating Large Language Models for Enhancing Radiology Specialty Examination: A Comparative Study with Human Performance

引用

Academic Radiology 2025年

作者： Hao-Yun Liu Shyh-Jye Chen Weichung Wang Chung-Hsi Lee Hsian-He Hsu Shu-Huei Shen Hong-Jen Chiou Wen-Jeng Lee Department of Medical Imaging National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch Br. No.25 Lane 442 Sec.1 Jingguo Rd. Hsinchu City 300 Taiwan ROC (H.Y.L.) National Taiwan University College of Medicine No.1 Jen Ai Road Section 1 Taipei 100 Taiwan ROC (H.Y.L.) Department of Medical Imaging National Taiwan University Hospital No. 7 Zhongshan S. Rd. Zhongzheng Dist. Taipei City 100229 Taiwan (S.J.C. W.J.L.) Institute of Applied Mathematical Sciences Department of Mathematics and Data Science Degree Program National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei 106319 Taiwan (W.W.) Graduate Institute of Health and Biotechnology Law Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City Taiwan (C.H.L.) Department of Radiology Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center No.325 Sec.2 Chenggong Rd. Neihu District Taipei City Taiwan (H.H.H.) Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital No.201 Sec. 2 Shipai Rd. Beitou District Taipei City Taiwan (S.H.S. H.J.C.) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine No. 118 Sec. 1 Zhongxiao West Road Taipei City 100 Taiwan (S.H.S. H.J.C.)

Rationale and Objectives The radiology specialty examination assesses clinical decision-making, image interpretation, and diagnostic reasoning. With the expansion of medical knowledge, traditional test design faces challenges in maintaining accuracy and relevance. Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate potential in medical education. This study evaluates LLM performance in radiology specialty exams, explores their role in assessing question difficulty, and investigates their reasoning processes, aiming to develop a more objective and efficient framework for exam design. Materials and Methods This study compared the performance of LLMs and human examinees in a radiology specialty examination. Three LLMs (GPT-4o, o1-preview, and GPT-3.5-turbo-1106) were evaluated under zero-shot conditions. Exam accuracy, examinee accuracy, discrimination index, and point-biserial correlation were used to assess LLMs’ ability to predict question difficulty and reasoning processes. The data provided by the Taiwan Radiological Society ensures comparability between AI and human performance. Results As for accuracy, GPT-4o (88.0%) and o1-preview (90.9%) outperformed human examinees (76.3%), whereas GPT-3.5-turbo-1106 showed significantly lower accuracy (50.2%). Question difficulty analysis revealed that newer LLMs excel in solving complex questions, while GPT-3.5-turbo-1106 exhibited greater performance variability. Discrimination index and point-biserial Correlation analyses demonstrated that GPT-4o and o1-preview accurately identified key differentiating questions, closely mirroring human reasoning patterns. These findings suggest that advanced LLMs can assess medical examination difficulty, offering potential applications in exam standardization and question evaluation. Conclusion This study evaluated the problem-solving capabilities of GPT-3.5-turbo-1106, GPT-4o, and o1-preview in a radiology specialty examination. LLMs should be utilized as tools for assessing exam question difficu

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Front Cover: Protein Modification via Nitrile Oxide−Dehydroalanine Cycloaddition: Formation of Isoxazoline Ring on the Protein Backbone (ChemBioChem 20/2023)

引用

ChemBioChem 2023年第20期24卷

作者： Dr. Anuchit Phanumartwiwath Dr. Chatchai Kesornpun Daranee Chokchaichamnankit Dr. Amnart Khongmanee Penchatr Diskul-Na-Ayudthaya Dr. Theetat Ruangjaroon Dr. Chantragan Srisomsap Prof. Prasat Kittakoop Prof. Jisnuson Svasti Prof. Somsak Ruchirawat College of Public Health Sciences Chulalongkorn University Phyathai Road Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chemical Biology Program Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Kamphaeng Phet6 Road Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand Centre of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT) CHE Ministry of Education Bangkok 10400 Thailand Chulabhorn Research Institute Kamphaeng Phet6 Road Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand Applied Biological Sciences Program Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Kamphaeng Phet6 Road Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (vol 395, pg 1779, 2020)

引用

LANCET 2020年第10239期395卷 1762-1762页

作者： Reiner, R. C., Jr. Hay, S., I Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States College of Health and Medical Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Nursing and Midwifery Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Pharmacy Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Public Health Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Biology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Economics and Management Sciences for Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Iran National Institute of Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and

Summary Background Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associated risk factors can aid in reducing preventable childhood *** We used Bayesian model-based geostatistics and a geolocated dataset comprising 15 072 746 children younger than 5 years from 466 surveys in 94 LMICs, in combination with findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, to estimate posterior distributions of diarrhoea prevalence, incidence, and mortality from 2000 to 2017. From these data, we estimated the burden of diarrhoea at varying subnational levels (termed units) by spatially aggregating draws, and we investigated the drivers of subnational patterns by creating aggregated risk factor *** The greatest declines in diarrhoeal mortality were seen in south and southeast Asia and South America, where 54·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 38·1-65·8), 17·4% (7·7-28·4), and 59·5% (34·2-86·9) of units, respectively, recorded decreases in deaths from diarrhoea greater than 10%. Although children in much of Africa remain at high risk of death due to diarrhoea, regions with the most deaths were outside Africa, with the highest mortality units located in Pakistan. Indonesia showed the greatest within-country geographical inequality; some regions had mortality rates nearly four times the average country rate. Reductions in mortality were correlated to improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) or reductions in child growth failure (CGF). Similarly, most high-risk areas had poor WASH, high CGF, or low oral rehydration therapy *** By co-analysing geospatial trends in d

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pharmacological Characteristics of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Acmella oleracea (L) R. K. Jansen Flowers: ADME/Tox in Silico and in Vivo Antihypertensive and Chronic Toxicity Evaluation

引用

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2023年第1期2023卷

作者： Rodrigues, Emanuelle T. Peretti, Paulo Bezerra, Roberto M. Biancardi, Manoel F. Sousa, Francisco F. O. Mendes, Elizabeth P. Dutra, João B. R. Silveira, Carla C. R. Castro, Carlos H. Cruz, Jorddy N. Santos, Cleydson B. R. Santos, Fernanda C. A. Pinheiro, Mayara T. Laboratory of Biotechnology in Natural Products Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Amapá Amapá Macapá Brazil Graduate Program in Health Sciences Department of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Amapá Amapá Macapá Brazil Laboratory of Atomic Absorption and Bioprospecting Department of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Amapá Amapá Macapá Brazil Department of Histology Embryology and Cell Biology Laboratory of Microscopy Applied to Reproduction Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil Laboratory of Quality Control and Bromatology Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Amapá Amapá Macapá Brazil Department of Physiological Sciences Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil Integrated Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurological Pathophysiology Federal University of Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry Department of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Amapá Amapá Macapá Brazil

Acmella oleracea (L.) R. K. Jansen, popularly known as jambu in Northern Brazil, is widely used in folk medicine and local cuisine. Its consumption in different ways reinforces the need for safety assessments. In this study, the major compounds found in the hydroethanolic extract of A. oleracea flowers (EHFAO) were characterized by ultra-performance liquid mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS). The effects of oral administration of 100/mg/kg of EHFAO extract over 60 days in male spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar (WR) rats and the in silico ADME/Tox predictions, lipophilicity, and water solubility were accomplished for the compounds identified. Spilanthol was detected as the foremost major compound at a concentration of 97.7%, followed by 1.53% scopoletin and 0.77% d-limonene. The treatment with EHFAO did not alter the animalś weight over the studied period. Moderate alterations were observed solely in the hepatic enzymes AST (WR = 97 UI/L and SHR = 150 UI/L ∗p<0.05) and ALT (WR = 55 UI/L and SHR = 95 UI/L ∗p<0.05), while no relevant histopathological alterations were found. The in-silico study confirmed the in vivo findings, as the identified compounds were considered highly bioactive orally, due to their drug similarity profiles, adequate lipid solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics. Therefore, the chronic treatment with EHFAO was found safe at the concentration of 100/mg/kg, with no interference in the blood pressure levels neither appreciable toxic effects. © 2023 Emanuelle T. Rodrigues et al.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：