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26th Annual computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017) of the Organization for computational Neuroscience Antwerp, Belgium, July 15-20, 2017

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BMC NEUROscience 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 59-59页

作者： [Anonymous] Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Department of Mathematics East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany Future Systems Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 8092 Zurich Switzerland User Engagement and Support Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 6900 Lugano Switzerland Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Aix Marseille Univ 13005 Marseille France Simulation Lab Neuroscience Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging Radboud University 6525HR Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Otolaryngology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA INSERM U968 Paris France Sorbonne Universités UPMC University Paris 06 UMR_S 968 Institut de la Vision Paris France CNRS UMR_7210 Paris France Department of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada (CITIC) Granada Spain Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 INSERM CNRS Institut de la Vision Paris France Department of Adaptive Machine Systems Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Computer Science University of Cergy-Pontoise Cergy-Pontoise France Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Charleston Charleston SC 29424 USA School of Physics Faculty of Science University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function Australian Research Council Sydney Australia Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Saxony Lei

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A Simple Framework of Conservative Algorithms for the Coupled Nonlinear Schrdinger Equations with Multiply Components

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2014年第6期61卷 703-709页

作者：钱旭宋松和李伟斌 Department of Mathematics and Systems Science National University of Defense Technology Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing National University of Defense Technology

Considering the coupled nonlinear Schr¨odinger system with multiply components, we provide a novel framework for constructing energy-preserving algorithms. In detail, based on the high order compact finite difference method, Fourier pseudospectral method and wavelet collocation method for spatial discretizations, a series of high accurate conservative algorithms are presented. The proposed algorithms can preserve the corresponding discrete charge and energy conservation laws exactly, which would guarantee their numerical stabilities during long time ***, several analogous multi-symplectic algorithms are constructed as comparison. Numerical experiments for the unstable plane waves will show the advantages of the proposed algorithms over long time and verify the theoretical analysis.

关键词： conservative algorithm coupled nonlinear SchrSdinger equation multiply components unstablewave

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Astro2020 APC white paper project: The simons observatory

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Abitbol, Maximilian H. Adachi, Shunsuke Ade, Peter Aguirre, James Ahmed, Zeeshan Aiola, Simone Ali, Aamir Alonso, David Alvarez, Marcelo A. Arnold, Kam Ashton, Peter Atkins, Zachary Austermann, Jason Awan, Humna Baccigalupi, Carlo Baildon, Taylor Lizancos, Anton Baleato Barron, Darcy Battaglia, Nick Battye, Richard Baxter, Eric Bazarko, Andrew Beall, James A. Bean, Rachel Beck, Dominic Beckman, Shawn Beringue, Benjamin Bhandarkar, Tanay Bhimani, Sanah Bianchini, Federico Boada, Steven Boettger, David Bolliet, Boris Richard Bond, J. Borrill, Julian Brown, Michael L. Bruno, Sarah Marie Bryan, Sean Calabrese, Erminia Calafut, Victoria Calisse, Paolo Carron, Julien Carl, Fred M. Cayuso, Juan Challinor, Anthony Chesmore, Grace Chinone, Yuji Chluba, Jens Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Choi, Steve Clark, Susan Clarke, Philip Contaldi, Carlo Coppi, Gabriele Cothard, Nicholas F. Coughlin, Kevin Coulton, Will Crichton, Devin Crowley, Kevin D. Crowley, Kevin T. Cukierman, Ari D'Ewart, John M. Dünner, Rolando De Haan, Tijmen Devlin, Mark Dicker, Simon Dober, Bradley Duell, Cody J. Duff, Shannon Duivenvoorden, Adri Dunkley, Jo Bouhargani, Hamza El Errard, Josquin Fabbian, Giulio Feeney, Stephen Fergusson, James Ferraro, Simone Fluxà, Pedro Freese, Katherine Frisch, Josef C. Frolov, Andrei Fuller, George Galitzki, Nicholas Gallardo, Patricio A. Ghersi, Jose Tomas Galvez Gao, Jiansong Gawiser, Eric Gerbino, Martina Gluscevic, Vera Goeckner-Wald, Neil Golec, Joseph Gordon, Sam Gralla, Megan Green, Daniel Grigorian, Arpi Groh, John Groppi, Chris Guan, Yilun Gudmundsson, Jon E. Halpern, Mark Han, Dongwon Hargrave, Peter Harrington, Kathleen Hasegawa, Masaya Hasselfield, Matthew Hattori, Makoto Haynes, Victor Hazumi, Masashi Healy, Erin Henderson, Shawn W. Hensley, Brandon Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos Hill, Charles A. Colin Hill, J. Hilton, Gene Hilton, Matt Hincks, Adam D. Hinshaw, Gary Hložek, Renée Ho, Shirley Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty Hoang, Thuong D. Hoh, Jonathan Hotinli, Selim C. Huang, Zhiqi Hubmayr, Johannes Huffenberger, Kevin Hughes, John P University of Oxford Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Department of Physics Faculty of Science Kyoto University Kyoto606 Japan School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Menlo ParkCA94025 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Computational Cosmology Center Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of California San Diego CA92093 United States Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States University of Tokyo Kashiwa277- 8583 Japan Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States NIST Quantum Sensors Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 687.08 BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854-8019 United States Via Bonomea 265 Trieste34136 Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste Padriciano 99 Trieste34149 Italy Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor48103 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Institute of Astronomy Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics School of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom AstroParticule e

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment sited on Cerro Toco in the Atacama Desert in Chile that promises to provide breakthrough discoveries in fundamental physics, cosmology, and astrophysics. Supported by the Simons Foundation, the Heising-Simons Foundation, and with contributions from collaborating institutions, SO will see first light in 2021 and start a five year survey in 2022. SO has 287 collaborators from 12 countries and 53 institutions, including 85 students and 90 postdocs. The SO experiment in its currently funded form ('SO-Nominal') consists of three 0.4 m Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) and one 6 m Large Aperture Telescope (LAT). Optimized for minimizing systematic errors in polarization measurements at large angular scales, the SATs will perform a deep, degree-scale survey of 10% of the sky to search for the signature of primordial gravitational waves. The LAT will survey 40% of the sky with arc-minute resolution. These observations will measure (or limit) the sum of neutrino masses, search for light relics, measure the early behavior of Dark Energy, and refine our understanding of the intergalactic medium, clusters and the role of feedback in galaxy formation. With up to ten times the sensitivity and five times the angular resolution of the Planck satellite, and roughly an order of magnitude increase in mapping speed over currently operating ("Stage 3") experiments, SO will measure the CMB temperature and polarization fluctuations to exquisite precision in six frequency bands from 27 to 280 GHz. SO will rapidly advance CMB science while informing the design of future observatories such as CMB-S4. Construction of SO-Nominal is fully funded, and operations and data analysis are funded for part of the planned five-year observations. We will seek federal funding to complete the observations and analysis of SO-Nominal, at the $25M level. The SO has a low risk and cost efficient upgrade path - the 6 m LAT

关键词： Observatories

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Absolute change pivot rule for the simplex algorithm

Absolute change pivot rule for the simplex algorithm

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International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists, IMECS 2014

作者： Chankong, Kittiphong Intiyot, Boonyarit Sinapiromsaran, Krung Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9789881925336

The simplex algorithm is a widely used method for solving a linear programming problem (LP) which is first presented by George B. Dantzig. One of the important steps of the simplex algorithm is applying an appropriate pivot rule, the rule to select the entering variable. An effective pivot rule can lead to the optimal solution of LP with the small number of iterations. In a minimization problem, Dantzig's pivot rule selects an entering variable corresponding to the most negative reduced cost. The concept is to have the maximum improvement in the objective value per unit step of the entering variable. However, in some problems, Dantzig's rule may visit a large number of extreme points before reaching the optimal solution. In this paper, we propose a pivot rule that could reduce the number of such iterations over the Dantzig's pivot rule. The idea is to have the maximum improvement in the objective value function by trying to block a leaving variable that makes a little change in the objective function value as much as possible. Then we test and compare the efficacy of this rule with Dantzig' original rule.

关键词： Linear programming

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Extreme ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy of promethiumlike heavy ions

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Physical Review A 2015年第2期92卷 022510-022510页

作者： Yusuke Kobayashi Kai Kubota Kazuki Omote Akihiro Komatsu Junpei Sakoda Maki Minoshima Daiji Kato Jiguang Li Hiroyuki A. Sakaue Izumi Murakami Nobuyuki Nakamura Institute for Laser Science The University of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan National Institute for Fusion Science Toki Gifu 509-5292 Japan Department of Fusion Science SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Toki Gifu 509-5292 Japan Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 China

We present extreme ultraviolet and visible spectra of promethiumlike tungsten and gold obtained with an electron beam ion trap. Although the contributions from a few charge states are involved in the spectra, the charge state of the ion assigned to the observed lines is definitely identified by the time-of-flight (TOF) analysis of the ions performed at the same time with the spectroscopic measurements. Experimental results are compared with collisional-radiative model calculations as well as previous experimental and theoretical studies. Some ambiguous identifications in the previous observations have been clarified owing to the definite identification by the TOF analysis.

关键词： HEAVY ions OPTICAL spectroscopy ULTRAVIOLET spectroscopy TUNGSTEN GOLD ELECTRON beams ION traps

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Weak-lensing mass calibration of ACTPOL sunyaev-zel’dovich clusters with the hyper suprime-cam survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Miyatake, Hironao Battaglia, Nicholas Hilton, Matt Medezinski, Elinor Nishizawa, Atsushi J. More, Surhud Aiola, Simone Bahcall, Neta Bond, J. Richard Calabrese, Erminia Choi, Steve K. Devlin, Mark J. Dunkley, Joanna Dunner, Rolando Fuzia, Brittany Gallardo, Patricio Gralla, Megan Hasselfield, Matthew Halpern, Mark Hikage, Chiaki Hill, J. Colin Hincks, Adam D. Hložek, Renée Huffenberger, Kevin Hughes, John P. Koopman, Brian Kosowsky, Arthur Louis, Thibaut Madhavacheril, Mathew S. McMahon, Jeff Mandelbaum, Rachel Marriage, Tobias A. Maurin, Loïc Miyazaki, Satoshi Moodley, Kavilan Murata, Ryoma Naess, Sigurd Newburgh, Laura Niemack, Michael D. Nishimichi, Takahiro Okabe, Nobuhiro Oguri, Masamune Osato, Ken Page, Lyman Partridge, Bruce Robertson, Naomi Sehgal, Neelima Sherwin, Blake Shirasaki, Masato Sievers, Jonathan Sifón, Cristóbal Simon, Sara Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Stein, George Takada, Masahiro Trac, Hy Umetsu, Keiichi van Engelen, Alex Wollack, Edward J. Institute for Advanced Research Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601 Japan Division of Physics and Astrophysical Science Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Nagoya464-8602 Japan Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States UTIAS University of Tokyo Chiba277-8583 Japan Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Astrophysics & Cosmology Research Unit School of Mathematics Statistics & Computer Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban4041 South Africa Department of Physics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Instituto de Astrofísica Centro de Astro-Ingeniería Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Department of Physics Florida State University TallahasseeFL32306 United States Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study PrincetonNJ08540 United States Department of Physics University

We present weak-lensing measurements using the first-year data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey program on the Subaru telescope for eight galaxy clusters selected through their thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) signal measured at 148 GHz with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter experiment. The overlap between the two surveys in this work is 33.8 square degrees, before masking bright stars. The signal-to-noise ratio of individual cluster lensing measurements ranges from 2.2 to 8.7, with a total of 11.1 for the stacked cluster weak-lensing signal. We fit for an average weak-lensing mass distribution using three different profiles, a Navarro-Frenk-White profile, a dark-matter-only emulated profile, and a full cosmological hydrodynamic emulated profile. We interpret the differences among the masses inferred by these models as a systematic error of 10%, which is currently smaller than the statistical error. We obtain the ratio of the SZ-estimated mass to the lensing-estimated mass (the so-called hydrostatic mass bias (Formula presented), which is comparable to previous SZ-selected clusters from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and from the Planck Satellite. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for cosmological parameters inferred from cluster abundances compared to cosmic microwave background primary anisotropy measurements. Subject headings: galaxies: clusters: general;gravitational lensing: weak;cosmology: observations Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cams

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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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Diagnosing hyperuniformity in two-dimensional, disordered, jammed packings of soft spheres

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Physical Review E 2015年第1期91卷 012302-012302页

作者： Remi Dreyfus Ye Xu Tim Still L. A. Hough A. G. Yodh Salvatore Torquato Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter CNRS-Rhodia-UPenn UMI 3254 Bristol Pennsylvania 19007-3624 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6396 USA Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Hyperuniformity characterizes a state of matter for which (scaled) density fluctuations diminish towards zero at the largest length scales. However, the task of determining whether or not an image of an experimental system is hyperuniform is experimentally challenging due to finite-resolution, noise, and sample-size effects that influence characterization measurements. Here we explore these issues, employing video optical microscopy to study hyperuniformity phenomena in disordered two-dimensional jammed packings of soft spheres. Using a combination of experiment and simulation we characterize the possible adverse effects of particle polydispersity, image noise, and finite-size effects on the assignment of hyperuniformity, and we develop a methodology that permits improved diagnosis of hyperuniformity from real-space measurements. The key to this improvement is a simple packing reconstruction algorithm that incorporates particle polydispersity to minimize the free volume. In addition, simulations show that hyperuniformity in finite-sized samples can be ascertained more accurately in direct space than in reciprocal space. Finally, our experimental colloidal packings of soft polymeric spheres are shown to be effectively hyperuniform.

关键词： COLLOIDS FOURIER transforms SPECTRAL energy distribution MICROGELS MICROSCOPY

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Journeys from quantum optics to quantum technology

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Barnett, Stephen M. Beige, Almut Ekert, Artur Garraway, Barry M. Keitel, Christoph H. Kendon, Viv Lein, Manfred Milburn, Gerard J. Moya-Cessa, Héctor M. Murao, Mio Pachos, Jiannis K. Palma, G. Massimo Paspalakis, Emmanuel Phoenix, Simon J.D. Piraux, Bernard Plenio, Martin B. Sanders, Barry C. Twamley, Jason Vidiella-Barranco, A. Kim, M.S. School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Falmer BrightonBN1 9QH United Kingdom Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 1 Heidelberg69117 Germany Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Institute for Theoretical Physics Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover30167 Germany Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland 4072 Australia Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica Calle Luis Enrique Erro No. 1 Sta. Ma. Tonantzintla Pue.CP 72840 Mexico Department of Physics Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan NEST Istituto Nanoscienze CNR Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Università degli Studi di Palermo via Archirafi 36 PalermoI-90123 Italy Materials Science Department School of Natural Sciences University of Patras Patras265 04 Greece Department of Applied Mathematics and Sciences Khalifa University P.O. Box: 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Universite Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-NeuveB-1348 Belgium Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Ulm89069 Germany Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary ABT2N 1N4 Canada Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230026 China Shanghai Branch CAS Center for Excellence Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China Program in Quantum Information Science Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems Department of Physics and

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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