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arXiv 2025年

作者： Abe, K. Abe, S. Abhishek, A. Acero, F. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Alispach, C. Crespo, N. Alvarez Ambrosino, D. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Arbet-Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Asano, K. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Balbo, M. Bamba, A. Larriva, A. Baquero de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J.A. Jiménez, L. Barrios Batkovic, I. Baxter, J. González, J. Becerra Bernardini, E. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Bezshyiko, I. Bhattacharjee, P. Bigongiari, C. Bissaldi, E. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Borkowski, G. Brunelli, G. Bulgarelli, A. Bunse, M. Burelli, I. Burmistrov, L. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Carrasco, M.S. Cassol, F. Castrejón, N. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chiavassa, A. Chikawa, M. Chon, G. Chytka, L. Cicciari, G.M. Cifuentes, A. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Da Vela, P. Dalchenko, M. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. De Lotto, B. de Menezes, R. Del Burgo, R. Del Peral, L. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Dellaiera, M. Di Piano, A. Di Pierro, F. Di Tria, R. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dore, D. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fallah Ramazani, V. Ferrarotto, F. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Freixas Coromina, L. Fröse, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia López, R. Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Geyer, D. Giesbrecht Paiva, J. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J. Gunji, S. Günther, P. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Iarlori, M. Imazawa, R. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Inoue, S. Ioka, K. Iori, M. Iuliano, A. Jahanvi, J. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jimenez Quiles, J. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Kalashev, O. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kohri, K. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lacave, B. Lainez, M. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Lemoigne, L. Department of Physics Tokai University 4-1-1 Kita-Kaname Kanagawa Hiratsuka259-1292 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Sezione di Fisica Via Roma 56 Siena53100 Italy Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Cité CEA CNRS AIM Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 Cedex France FSLAC IRL 2009 CNRS/IAC Tenerife La Laguna Spain Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Chemin d’Ecogia 16 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland IPARCOS-UCM Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria Plaza de Ciencias 1 Madrid28040 Spain INFN Sezione di Napoli Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Via di Frascati 33 Monteporzio Catone00040 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Föhringer Ring 6 München80805 Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules - IN2P3 Annecy74000 France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg22761 Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Universidad del Azuay Cuenca Ecuador Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Rua Xavier Sigaud 150 RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna C. Vía Láctea s/n Santa Cruz de Tenerife La Laguna38205 Spain CIEMAT Avda. Complutense 40 Madrid28040 Spain University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire 24 Quai Ernest Ansernet

Context. The recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph) underwent a thermonuclear eruption in August 2021. In this event, RS Oph was detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC), and the first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) at very-high gamma-ray energies above 100 GeV. This means that novae are a new class of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitters. Aims. We report the analysis of the RS Oph observations with LST-1. We constrain the particle population that causes the observed emission in hadronic and leptonic scenarios. Additionally, we study the prospects of detecting further novae using LST-1 and the upcoming LST array of CTAO-North. Methods. We conducted target-of-opportunity observations with LST-1 from the first day of this nova event. The data were analysed in the framework of cta-lstchain and Gammapy, the official CTAO-LST reconstruction and analysis packages. One-zone hadronic and leptonic models were considered to model the gamma-ray emission of RS Oph using the spectral information from Fermi-LAT and LST-1, together with public data from the MAGIC and H.E.S.S. telescopes. Results. RS Oph was detected at 6.6σ with LST-1 in the first 6.35 hours of observations following the eruption. The hadronic scenario is preferred over the leptonic scenario considering a proton energy spectrum with a power-law model with an exponential cutoff whose position increases from (0.26 ± 0.08) TeV on day 1 up to (1.6 ± 0.6) TeV on day 4 after the eruption. The deep sensitivity and low energy threshold of the LST-1/LST array will allow us to detect faint novae and increase their discovery rate. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Gamma radiography

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Kidney multiome-based genetic scorecard reveals convergent coding and regulatory variants

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6734期387卷 eadp4753页

作者： Liu, Hongbo Abedini, Amin Ha, Eunji Ma, Ziyuan Sheng, Xin Dumoulin, Bernhard Qiu, Chengxiang Aranyi, Tamas Li, Shen Dittrich, Nicole Chen, Hua-Chang Tao, Ran Tarng, Der-Cherng Hsieh, Feng-Jen Chen, Shih-Ann Yang, Shun-Fa Lee, Mei-Yueh Kwok, Pui-Yan Wu, Jer-Yuarn Chen, Chien-Hsiun Khan, Atlas Limdi, Nita A. Wei, Wei-Qi Walunas, Theresa L. Karlson, Elizabeth W. Kenny, Eimear E. Luo, Yuan Kottyan, Leah Connolly, John J. Jarvik, Gail P. Weng, Chunhua Shang, Ning Cole, Joanne B. Mercader, Josep M. Mandla, Ravi Majarian, Timothy D. Florez, Jose C. Haas, Mary E. Lotta, Luca A. Drivas, Theodore G. Vy, Ha My T Nadkarni, Girish N. Wiley, Laura K. Wilson, Melissa P. Gignoux, Christopher R. Rasheed, Humaira Thomas, Laurent F. Åsvold, Bjørn Olav Brumpton, Ben M. Hallan, Stein I. Hveem, Kristian Zheng, Jie Hellwege, Jacklyn N. Zawistowski, Matthew Zöllner, Sebastian Franceschini, Nora Hu, Hailong Zhou, Jianfu Kiryluk, Krzysztof Ritchie, Marylyn D. Palmer, Matthew Edwards, Todd L. Voight, Benjamin F. Hung, Adriana M. Susztak, Katalin Department of Medicine Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Institute of Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Department of Genetics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Penn-CHOP Kidney Innovation Center University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang University 1369 West Wenyi Road Hangzhou Zhejiang China Department of Nephrology Children' Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Child Health Hangzhou Zhejiang China Institute of Molecular Life Sciences HUN-REN Research Center for Natural Sciences Budapest Hungary Department of Molecular Biology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Department of Medicine Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN United States Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN United States Institute of Clinical Medicine School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University ROC Taipei Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital ROC Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica ROC Taipei Taiwan Cardiovascular Center Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan ROC National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan ROC Heart Rhythm Center Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital ROC Taipei Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University ROC Taipei Taiwan Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan ROC Department of Medical Research Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan ROC Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical Universit

Kidney dysfunction is a major cause of mortality, but its genetic architecture remains elusive. In this study, we conducted a multiancestry genome-wide association study in 2.2 million individuals and identified 1026 (97 previously unknown) independent loci. Ancestry-specific analysis indicated an attenuation of newly identified signals on common variants in European ancestry populations and the power of population diversity for further discoveries. We defined genotype effects on allele-specific gene expression and regulatory circuitries in more than 700 human kidneys and 237,000 cells. We found 1363 coding variants disrupting 782 genes, with 601 genes also targeted by regulatory variants and convergence in 161 genes. Integrating 32 types of genetic information, we present the "Kidney Disease Genetic Scorecard" for prioritizing potentially causal genes, cell types, and druggable targets for kidney disease.

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Input optics systems of the KAGRA detector during O3GK (vol 2023, 023F01, 2023)

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PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS 2023年第5期2023卷

作者： Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Arai, K. Arai, Y. Araki, S. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Asada, H. Aso, Y. Bae, S. Bae, Y. Baiotti, L. Bajpai, R. Barton, M. A. Cannon, K. Cao, Z. Capocasa, E. Chan, M. Chen, C. Chen, K. Chen, Y. Chiang, C-I Chu, H. Chu, Y-K Eguchi, S. Enomoto, Y. Flaminio, R. Fujii, Y. Fujikawa, Y. Fukunaga, M. Fukushima, M. Furuhata, T. Gao, D. Ge, G-G Ha, S. Hagiwara, A. Haino, S. Han, W-B Hasegawa, K. Hattori, K. Hayakawa, H. Hayama, K. Himemoto, Y. Hiranuma, Y. Hirata, N. Hirose, E. Hong, Z. Hsieh, B-H Huang, G-Z Huang, H-Y Huang, P. Huang, Y-C Huang, Y-J Hui, D. C. Y. Ide, S. Ikenoue, B. Imam, S. Inayoshi, K. Inoue, Y. Ioka, K. Ito, K. Itoh, Y. Izumi, K. Jeon, C. Jin, H-B Jung, K. Jung, P. Kaihotsu, K. Kajita, T. Kakizaki, M. Kamiizumi, M. Kanbara, S. Kanda, N. Kang, G. Kataoka, Y. Kawaguchi, K. Kawai, N. Kawasaki, T. Kim, C. Kim, J. Kim, J. C. Kim, Ws Kim, Y-M Kimura, N. Kita, N. Kitazawa, H. Kojima, Y. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kong, A. K. H. Kotake, K. Kozakai, C. Kozu, R. Kumar, R. Kume, J. Kuo, C. Kuo, H-S Kuromiya, Y. Kuroyanagi, S. Kusayanagi, K. Kwak, K. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. W. Lee, R. Leonardi, M. Li, K. L. Lin, L. C-C Lin, C-Y Lin, F-K Lin, F-L Lin, H. L. Liu, G. C. Luo, L-W Majorana, E. Marchio, M. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyamoto, A. Miyazaki, Y. Miyo, K. Miyoki, S. Mori, Y. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Nagano, K. Nagano, S. Nakamura, K. Nakano, H. Nakano, M. Nakashima, R. Nakayama, Y. Narikawa, T. Naticchioni, L. Negishi, R. Quynh, L. Nguyen Ni, W-T Nishizawa, A. Nozaki, S. Obuchi, Y. Ogaki, W. Oh, J. J. Oh, S. H. Ohashi, M. Ohishi, N. Ohkawa, M. Ohta, H. Okutani, Y. Okutomi, K. Oohara, K. Ooi, C. Oshino, S. Otabe, S. Pan, K-C Pang, H. Parisi, A. Park, J. Arellano, F. E. Pena Pinto, I. Sago, N. Saito, S. Saito, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, Y. Sakuno, Y. Sato, S. Sato, T. Sawada, T. Sekiguchi, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shao, L. Shibagaki, S. Shimizu, R. Shimoda, T. Shimode, K. Shinkai, H. Shishido, T. Shoda, A. Somiya, K. Son, E. J. Sotani, H. Sugimoto, R. Suresh, J. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa City Chiba 277-8582 Japan Accelerator Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0032 Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo-cho Hirosaki Aomori 036-8561 Japan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu 506-1205 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 70 Yuseong-daero 1689 Beon-gil Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34047 Republic of Korea International College Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka City Osaka 560-0043 Japan School of High Energy Accelerator Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Xinjiekouwai Street 19 Haidian District Beijing 100875 China Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan Fukuoka City Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan Department of Physics Tamkang University No. 151 Yingzhuan Road Danshui Dist. New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan Department of Physics

KAGRA, the underground and cryogenic gravitational-wave detector, was operated for its solo observation from February 25 to March 10, 2020, and its first joint observation with the GEO 600 detector from April 7 to April 21, 2020 (O3GK). This study presents an overview of the input optics systems of the KAGRA detector, which consist of various optical systems, such as a laser source, its intensity and frequency stabilization systems, modulators, a Faraday isolator, mode-matching telescopes, and a high-power beam dump. These optics were successfully delivered to the KAGRA interferometer and operated stably during the observations. The laser frequency noise was observed to limit the detector sensitivity above a few kilohertz, whereas the laser intensity did not significantly limit the detector sensitivity.

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The SCUBA-2 Large eXtragalactic Survey: 850 μm map, catalogue and the bright-end number counts of the XMM-LSS field

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Garratt, T.K. Geach, J.E. Tamura, Y. Coppin, K.E.K. Franco, M. Ao, Y. Chen, C.-C. Cheng, C. Clements, D.L. Dai, Y.S. Dannerbauer, H. Greve, T.R. Hatsukade, B. Hwang, H.S. Jiang, L. Kohno, K. Koprowski, M.P. Michalowski, M.J. Sawicki, M. Scott, D. Shim, H. Takeuchi, T.T. Wang, W.-H. Xue, Y.Q. Yang, C. Centre for Astrophysics Research University of Hertfordshire HatfieldAL10 9AB United Kingdom Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science Nagoya University Aichi Nagoya464-8602 Japan Purple Mountain Observatory Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences 10 Yuanhua Road Nanjing210023 China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics No. 1 Section 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei10617 Taiwan Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories CAS Beijing100101 China Imperial College London Blackett Lab Prince Consort Road LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 20A Datun RoadChaoyang District Beijing100101 China Tenerife La LagunaE-38205 Spain Universidad de La Laguna Dpto. Astrofísica Tenerife La LagunaE-38206 Spain National Space Institute DTU Space Technical University of Denmark Elektrovej 327 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Institute of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 2-21-1 Osawa Tokyo Mitaka181-0015 Japan Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Astronomy Program Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University No. 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian District Beijing100871 China Institute of Astronomy Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Informatics Nicolaus Copernicus University Grudziadzka 5 Torun87-100 Poland Astronomical Observatory Institute Faculty of Physics Adam Mickiewicz University ul. Sloneczna 36 Poznań60-286 Poland Department of Astronomy and P

We present 850 μm imaging of the XMM-LSS field observed for 170 hours as part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope SCUBA-2 Large eXtragalactic Survey (S2LXS). S2LXS XMM-LSS maps an area of 9 deg2, reaching a moderate depth of 1σ 4 mJy beam−1. This is the largest contiguous area of extragalactic sky mapped by JCMT at 850 μm to date. The wide area of the S2LXS XMM-LSS survey allows us to probe the ultra-bright (S850μm & 15 mJy), yet rare submillimetre population. We present the S2LXS XMM-LSS catalogue, which comprises 40 sources detected at >5σ significance, with deboosted flux densities in the range of 7 mJy to 48 mJy. We robustly measure the bright-end of the 850 μm number counts at flux densities >7 mJy, reducing the Poisson errors compared to existing measurements. The S2LXS XMM-LSS observed number counts show the characteristic upturn at bright fluxes, expected to be motivated by local sources of submillimetre emission and high-redshift strongly lensed galaxies. We find that the observed 850 μm number counts are best reproduced by model predictions that include either strong lensing or source blending from a 15 arcsec beam, indicating that both may make an important contribution to the observed over-abundance of bright single dish 850 μm selected sources. We make the S2LXS XMM-LSS 850 μm map and >5σ catalogue presented here publicly available. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blending

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The next decade of astroinformatics and astrostatistics

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Siemiginowska, Aneta Eadie, Gwendolyn Czekala, Ian Feigelson, Eric Ford, Eric B. Kashyap, Vinay Kuhn, Michael Loredo, Tom Ntampaka, Michelle Stevens, Abbie Avelino, Arturo Borne, Kirk Budavari, Tamas Burkhart, Blakesley Cisewski-Kehe, Jessi Civano, Francesca Chilingarian, Igor van Dyk, David A. Fabbiano, Giuseppina Finkbeiner, Douglas P. Foreman-Mackey, Daniel Freeman, Peter Fruscione, Antonella Goodman, Alyssa A. Graham, Matthew Guenther, Hans Moritz Hakkila, Jon Hernquist, Lars Huppenkothen, Daniela James, David J. Law, Casey Lazio, Joseph Lee, Thomas López-Morales, Mercedes Mahabal, Ashish A. Mandel, Kaisey Meng, Xiao-Li Moustakas, John Muna, Demitri Peek, J.E.G. Richards, Gordon Portillo, Stephen K.N. Scargle, Jeff de Souza, Rafael S. Speagle, Joshua S. Stassun, Keivan G. Stenning, David C. Taylor, Stephen R. Tremblay, Grant R. Trimble, Virginia Yanamandra-Fisher, Padma A. Young, C. Alex Center for Astrophysics AAS Working Group on Astroinformatics and Astrostatistics eScience Institute University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States DIRAC Institute Department of Astronomy University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Penn State University University ParkPA16802 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian CambridgeMA02138 United States California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Statistical Sciences IthacaNY14853 United States Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Astronomy University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Booz Allen Hamilton Annapolis JunctionMD United States Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Statistics & Data Science Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Mathematics Imperial College London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Flatiron Institute Center for Computational Astrophysics New YorkNY10010 United States Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy Associate Dean of the Graduate School University of Charleston CharlestonSC29424 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States University of California DavisCA95616 United States TAPIR Group Division of Physics Mathematics & Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Department of Phy

Over the past century, major advances in astronomy and astrophysics have been largely driven by improvements in instrumentation and data collection. With the amassing of high quality data from new telescopes, and especially with the advent of deep and large astronomical surveys, it is becoming clear that future advances will also rely heavily on how those data are analyzed and interpreted. New methodologies derived from advances in statistics, computer science, and machine learning are beginning to be employed in sophisticated investigations that are not only bringing forth new discoveries, but are placing them on a solid footing. Progress in wide-field sky surveys, interferometric imaging, precision cosmology, exoplanet detection and characterization, and many subfields of stellar, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, has resulted in complex data analysis challenges that must be solved to perform scientific inference. Research in astrostatistics and astroinformatics will be necessary to develop the state-of-the-art methodology needed in astronomy. Overcoming these challenges requires dedicated, interdisciplinary research. We recommend: (1) increasing funding for interdisciplinary projects in astrostatistics and astroinformatics;(2) dedicating space and time at conferences for interdisciplinary research and promotion;(3) developing sustainable funding for long-term astrostatisics appointments;and (4) funding infrastructure development for data archives and archive support, state-of-the-art algorithms, and efficient computing. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finance

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Concurrent starbursts in molecular gas disks within a pair of colliding galaxies at z = 1.52

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Silverman, J.D. Daddi, E. Rujopakarn, W. Renzini, A. Mancini, C. Bournaud, F. Puglisi, A. Rodighiero, G. Liu, D. Sargent, M. Arimoto, N. Béthermin, M. Fensch, J. Hayward, C.C. Kartaltepe, J. Kashino, D. Koekemoer, A. Magdis, G. McCracken, H.J. Nagao, T. Sheth, K. Smolčić, V. Valentino, F. Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe University of Tokyo Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Laboratoire AIM CEA/DSM-CNRS-Universite Paris Diderot Irfu/Service d'Astrophysique CEA Saclay Department of Physics Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Road Pathumwan Bangkok10330 Thailand Don Kaeo Mae Rim Chiang Mai50180 Thailand Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe Todai Institutes for Advanced Study University of Tokyo Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Instituto Nazionale de Astrofisica Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova v.co dell'Osservatorio 5 PadovaI-35122 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Universita di Padova vicolo Osservatorio 3 Padova35122 Italy Astronomy Centre Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex BrightonBN1 9QH United Kingdom Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 599 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul151-742 Korea Republic of Subaru Telescope 650 North A'ohoku Place Hilo Hawaii96720 United States European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2 Garching85748 Germany European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2 Garching bei München85748 Germany Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Rochester Institute of Technology 84 Lomb Memorial Drive RochesterNY14623 United States Institute of Astronomy ETH Zürich Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27 ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States Cosmic DAWN Centre Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Juliane Mariesvej 30 Copenhagen2100 Denmark Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris CNRS UMR 7095 and UPMC 98bis boulevard Arago ParisF-75014 France Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University 2-5 Bunkyo-cho Matsuyama790-8577 Japan NASA Headquaters 300 E. St SW WashingtonDC2054

We report on the discovery of a merger-driven starburst at z = 1:52, PACS-787, based on high signal-to-noise ALMA observations. CO(5-4) and continuum emission (850μm) at a spatial resolution of 0.3" reveal two compact (r1/2 ∼ 1 kpc) and interacting molecular gas disks at a separation of 8.6 kpc thus indicative of an early stage in a merger. With a SFR of 991 Mo yr-1, this starburst event should occur closer to final coalescence, as usually seen in hydrodynamical simulations. From the CO size, inclination, and velocity profile for both disks, the dynamical mass is calculated through a novel method that incorporates a calibration using simulations of galaxy mergers. Based on the dynamical mass, we measure (1) the molecular gas mass, independent from the CO luminosity, (2) the ratio of the total gas mass and the CO(1 - 0) luminosity (αCO ≡ Mgas/L'CO1-0), and (3) the gas-to-dust ratio, with the latter two being lower than typically assumed. We find that the high star formation, triggered in both galaxies, is caused by a set of optimal conditions: a high gas mass/fraction, a short depletion time (τdepl = 85 and 67 Myrs) to convert gas into stars, and the interaction of likely counter-rotating molecular disks that may accelerate the loss of angular momentum. The state of interaction is further established by the detection of di_use CO and continuum emission, tidal debris that bridges the two nuclei and is associated with stellar emission seen by HST/WFC3. This observation demonstrates the power of ALMA to study the dynamics of galaxy mergers at high redshift. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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The next decade of astroinformatics and astrostatistics

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Siemiginowska, Aneta Eadie, Gwendolyn Czekala, Ian Feigelson, Eric Ford, Eric B. Kashyap, Vinay Kuhn, Michael Loredo, Tom Ntampaka, Michelle Stevens, Abbie Avelino, Arturo Borne, Kirk Budavari, Tamas Burkhart, Blakesley Cisewski-Kehe, Jessi Civano, Francesca Chilingarian, Igor Dyk, David A. Van Fabbiano, Giuseppina Finkbeiner, Douglas P. Foreman-Mackey, Daniel Freeman, Peter Fruscione, Antonella Goodman, Alyssa A. Graham, Matthew Guenther, Hans Moritz Hakkila, Jon Hernquist, Lars Huppenkothen, Daniela James, David J. Law, Casey Lazio, Joseph Lee, Thomas López-Morales, Mercedes Mahabal, Ashish A. Mandel, Kaisey Meng, Xiao-Li Moustakas, John Muna, Demitri Peek, J.E.G. Richard, Gordon Portillo, Stephen K.N. Scargle, Jeff De Souza, Rafael S. Speagle, Joshua S. Stassun, Keivan G. Stenning, David C. Taylor, Stephen R. Tremblay, Grant R. Trimble, Virginia Yanamandra-Fisher, Padma A. Young, C. Alex EScience Institute University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy Dirac Institute University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Penn State University PA16802 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian CambridgeMA02138 United States California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Statistical Sciences Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Astronomy University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Booz Allen Hamilton Annapolis JunctionMD United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Statistics and Data Science Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Mathematics Imperial College London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Inc. Dean of Graduate School University of Charleston CharlestonSC29424 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States University of California Davis CA95616 United States Division of Physics Mathematics & Astronomy Tapir Group California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy Siena College LoudonvilleNY12211 United States Center f

关键词： Finance

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Synthesis of Electrophilic Cyclopent-2-enone Conjugates With Modulatory Effects on Inflammatory Responses Mediated by Nrf2/Keap1, NF-κB and IL-6

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ChemistrySelect 2024年第30期9卷

作者： Gabriel Luis L. Neri Yi-Siao Chen Hans Christian P. Arturo Mark Tristan J. Quimque Warren S. Vidar Young-Sam Keum Chen-Chung Liao Chia-Hung Yen Allan Patrick G. Macabeo Laboratory for Organic Reactivity Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS) Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences University of Santo Tomas 1015 España Manila Philippines The Graduate School University of Santo Tomas 1015 España Manila Philippines Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan Department of Chemistry College of Science and Mathematics Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology 9200 Tibanga Iligan City Philippines College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development Dongguk University 32 Dongguk-ro 10326 Goyang Gyeonggi-do Korea Cancer Progression Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei 112 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Cyclopent-2-enone bearing natural products possess anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial activities attributed to the presence of a Michael acceptor enone group acting as a bait for protein targets. To explore the biological activity of synthetic small molecules bearing the cyclopent-2-enone moiety, a collection of 4-substituted cyclopent-2-enones ( 3 a – 3 i ) was prepared synthetically using Lewis acid-catalyzed Mukaiyama-Michael reaction (MMR) in modest to high yields. These derivatives were screened for their effect on inflammatory response mediators, namely Nrf2, NF-κB, and IL-6 through cell-based reporter assays. The results show that 5-(4-oxocyclopent-2-en-1-yl)furan-2(5 H )-one ( 3 g ) is a potent Nrf2 activator in HaCaT cells. The mechanism of Nrf2 activation by 3 g was investigated through an MS/MS-directed proteomic analysis and have shown the formation of a Michael adduct via cysteine-613 on Keap1, an inhibitor of Nrf2. Density functional theory calculations show favorable Michael adduct formation between 3 g and the truncated Keap1 tripeptide Pro-Cys613-Ala at the β-carbon of the cyclopent-2-enone moiety. On the other hand, the derivative 4-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-one ( 3 a ) exhibited selective Nrf2 inhibition in the cancer cell line Huh7, and inhibitory activity along with 3 g against NF-κB, and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. This points to the cyclopent-2-enone group being an effective scaffold for anti-inflammatory drug designs.

关键词： Cyclopentenones Nrf2 Keap1 Michael acceptor Drug discovery

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Assessing Trustworthy AI in Times of COVID-19: Deep Learning for Predicting a Multiregional Score Conveying the Degree of Lung Compromise in COVID-19 Patients

IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society

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IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society 2022年第4期3卷 272-289页

作者： Allahabadi, Himanshi Amann, Julia Balot, Isabelle Beretta, Andrea Binkley, Charles Bozenhard, Jonas Bruneault, Frederick Brusseau, James Candemir, Sema Cappellini, Luca Alessandro Chakraborty, Subrata Cherciu, Nicoleta Cociancig, Christina Coffee, Megan Ek, Irene Espinosa-Leal, Leonardo Farina, Davide Fieux-Castagnet, Genevieve Frauenfelder, Thomas Gallucci, Alessio Giuliani, Guya Golda, Adam Van Halem, Irmhild Hildt, Elisabeth Holm, Sune Kararigas, Georgios Krier, Sebastien A. Kuhne, Ulrich Lizzi, Francesca Madai, Vince I. Markus, Aniek F. Masis, Serg Mathez, Emilie Wiinblad Mureddu, Francesco Neri, Emanuele Osika, Walter Ozols, Matiss Panigutti, Cecilia Parent, Brendan Pratesi, Francesca Moreno-Sanchez, Pedro A. Sartor, Giovanni Savardi, Mattia Signoroni, Alberto Sormunen, Hanna-Maria Spezzatti, Andy Srivastava, Adarsh Stephansen, Annette F. Theng, Lau Bee Tithi, Jesmin Jahan Tuominen, Jarno Umbrello, Steven Vaccher, Filippo Vetter, Dennis Westerlund, Magnus Wurth, Renee Zicari, Roberto V. Ey Netherlands Enterprise Intelligence Department Amsterdam1083 HP Netherlands Eth Zurich Health Ethics and Policy Lab Department of Health Sciences and Technology Zürich8092 Switzerland Center for Diplomatic and Strategic Studies Postgraduate Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations Paris75015 France Pisa56124 Italy Hackensack Meridian Health Bioethics Center EdisonNJ08820 United States University of Oxford Faculty of Philosophy OxfordOX2 6GG United Kingdom Collège André- Laurendeau Philosophie Department MontrealQCH8N 2J4 Canada Université du Québec À Montréal École des Médias MontrealQCH2L 2C4 Canada Pace University Philosophy Department New YorkNY10038 United States The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Radiology ColumbusOH43210 United States Humanitas Research Hospital Department of Radiology Milan20089 Italy Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences Milan20089 Italy University of New England Faculty of Science Agriculture Business and Law ArmidaleNSW2351 Australia University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology SydneyNSW2007 Australia Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna European Centre of Excellence on the Regulation of Robotics and Ai Pisa56127 Italy University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture Bremen28359 Germany New York University Grossman School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department of Medicine New YorkNY10016 United States Digital Institute Ai Research Section Stockholm16731 Sweden Arcada University of Applied Sciences Department of Business Management and Analytics Helsinki00550 Finland University of Brescia Radiological Sciences and Public Health Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Brescia25121 Italy Sncf Reseau Sa Ethique Groupe La Plaine93418 France Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Zurich Zürich8091 Switzerland Eindhoven University of Tech

This article's main contributions are twofold: 1) to demonstrate how to apply the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI in practice for the domain of healthcare and 2) to investigate the research question of what does 'trustworthy AI' mean at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we present the results of a post-hoc self-assessment to evaluate the trustworthiness of an AI system for predicting a multiregional score conveying the degree of lung compromise in COVID-19 patients, developed and verified by an interdisciplinary team with members from academia, public hospitals, and industry in time of pandemic. The AI system aims to help radiologists to estimate and communicate the severity of damage in a patient's lung from Chest X-rays. It has been experimentally deployed in the radiology department of the ASST Spedali Civili clinic in Brescia, Italy, since December 2020 during pandemic time. The methodology we have applied for our post-hoc assessment, called Z-Inspection®, uses sociotechnical scenarios to identify ethical, technical, and domain-specific issues in the use of the AI system in the context of the pandemic. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Author Correction: The high-dimensional space of human diseases built from diagnosis records and mapped to genetic loci

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Nature computational science 2023年第7期3卷 658页

作者： Gengjie Jia Yu Li Xue Zhong Kanix Wang Milton Pividori Rabab Alomairy Aniello Esposito Hatem Ltaief Chikashi Terao Masato Akiyama Koichi Matsuda David E Keyes Hae Kyung Im Takashi Gojobori Yoichiro Kamatani Michiaki Kubo Nancy J Cox James Evans Xin Gao Andrey Rzhetsky Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China. jiagengjie@***. Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Computer Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong People's Republic of China. Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN US. Department of Medicine Institute of Genomics and Systems Biology Committee on Genomics Genetics and Systems Biology University of Chicago Chicago IL US. Department of Operations Business Analytics and Information Systems University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH US. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA US. Extreme Computing Research Center Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia. HPE HPC/AI EMEA Research Laboratory Bristol UK. RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan. Clinical Research Center Shizuoka General Hospital Shizuoka Japan. Department of Applied Genetics The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan. Department of Ophthalmology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan. Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. Biological and Environmenta

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