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CompressedMediQ: Hybrid Quantum Machine Learning Pipeline for High-Dimensional Neuroimaging Data

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CompressedMediQ: Hybrid Quantum Machine Learning Pipeline fo...

Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Workshops (ICASSPW), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Kuan-Cheng Chen Yi-Tien Li Tai-Yu Li Chen-Yu Liu Po-Heng Henry Lee Cheng-Yu Chen Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Centre for Quantum Engineering Science and Technology (QuEST) Imperial College London London UK Translational Imaging Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Neuroscience Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan National Center for High-Performance Computing NARlabs Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Radiology National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331519315

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519322

This paper introduces CompressedMediQ, a novel hybrid quantum-classical machine learning pipeline specifically developed to address the computational challenges associated with high-dimensional multi-class neuroimaging data analysis. Standard neuroimaging datasets, such as large-scale MRI data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and Neuroimaging in Frontotemporal Dementia, present significant hurdles due to their vast size and complexity. CompressedMediQ integrates classical HPC nodes for advanced MRI pre-processing and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-PCA-based feature extraction and reduction, addressing the limited-qubit availability for quantum data encoding in the NISQ era. This is followed by Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM) classification. By utilizing quantum kernel methods, the pipeline optimizes feature mapping and classification, enhancing data separability and outperforming traditional neuroimaging analysis techniques. Experimental results highlight the pipeline’s superior accuracy in dementia staging, validating the practical use of quantum machine learning in clinical diagnostics. Despite the limitations of NISQ devices, this proof-of-concept demonstrates the transformative potential of quantum-enhanced learning, paving the way for scalable and precise diagnostic tools in healthcare and signal processing.

关键词： Neuroimaging Support vector machines Quantum computing Accuracy Magnetic resonance imaging Pipelines Machine learning Medical services Signal processing Standards

Camera Calibration of the CTA-LST prototype 37

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Camera Calibration of the CTA-LST prototype

37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Kobayashi, Yukiho Okumura, Akira Cassol, Franca Katagiri, Hideaki Sitarek, Julian Gliwny, Pawel Nozaki, Seiya Nogami, Yuto Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra Gonzalez, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Daaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaasser, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia Lapez, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. HÃŒtten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. Lapez-Coto, R. Lapez-Moya, M. Lapez-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Marta, J. Martinez, O. MartÃnez, G. MartÃnez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Chiba Japan Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France College of Science Ibaraki University Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz ul. Pomorska 149/153 Lódz90-236 Poland Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Fasica Quantica i Astrofasica Institut de Ciancies del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofasica de Andalucaa-CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Universita© Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universitaat Hamburg Institut faer Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fasicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Universita degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofasica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofasica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut faer Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Universita degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Da©partement de Physique Nucla©aire et Corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informacia Cientafica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universita degli Studi di Tori

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation gamma-ray observatory that is expected to reach one order of magnitude better sensitivity than that of current telescope arrays. The Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) have an essential role in extending the energy range down to 20 GeV. The prototype LST (LST-1) proposed for CTA was built in La Palma, the northern site of CTA, in 2018. LST-1 is currently in its commissioning phase and moving towards scientific observations. The LST-1 camera consists of 1855 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) which are sensitive to Cherenkov light. PMT signals are recorded as waveforms sampled at 1 GHz rate with Domino Ring Sampler version 4 (DRS4) chips. Fast sampling is essential to achieve a low energy threshold by minimizing the integration of background light from the night sky. Absolute charge calibration can be performed by the so-called F-factor method, which allows calibration constants to be monitored even during observations. A calibration pipeline of the camera readout has been developed as part of the LST analysis chain. The pipeline performs DRS4 pedestal and timing corrections, as well as the extraction and calibration of charge and time of pulses for subsequent higher-level analysis. The performance of each calibration step is examined, and especially charge and time resolution of the camera readout are evaluated and compared to CTA requirements. We report on the current status of the calibration pipeline, including the performance of each step through to signal reconstruction, and the consistency with Monte Carlo simulations. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calibration

Multimode Ultrastrong Coupling in Three-Dimensional Photonic-Crystal Cavities

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Mojibpour, Ali Sanders, Stephen Liang, Shuang Xu, Hongjing Gardner, Geoff C. Baydin, Andrey Manfra, Michael J. Alabastri, Alessandro Hagenmüller, David Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Université de Strasbourg CNRS Strasbourg67000 France Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Recent theoretical studies have highlighted the role of spatially varying cavity electromagnetic fields in exploring novel cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) phenomena, such as the potential realization of the elusive Dicke superradiant phase transition. One-dimensional photonic-crystal cavities (PCCs), widely used for studying solid-state cQED systems, have uniform spatial profiles in the lateral plane. Three-dimensional (3D) PCCs, which exhibit discrete in-plane translational symmetry, overcome this limitation, but fabrication challenges have hindered the achievement of strong coupling in 3D-PCCs. Here, we report the realization of multimode ultrastrong coupling in a 3D-PCC at terahertz frequencies. The multimode coupling between the 3D-PCC’s cavity modes and the cyclotron resonance of a Landau-quantized two-dimensional electron gas in GaAs is significantly influenced by the spatial profiles of the cavity modes, leading to distinct coupling scenarios depending on the probe polarization. Our experimental results are in excellent agreement with a multimode extended Hopfield model that accounts for the spatial inhomogeneity of the cavity field. Guided by the model, we discuss the possible strong ground-state correlations between different cavity modes and introduce relevant figures of merit for the multimode ultrastrong coupling regime. Our findings emphasize the importance of spatially nonuniform cavity mode profiles in probing nonintuitive quantum phenomena expected for the ground states of cQED systems in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electron cyclotron resonance

Anomalous properties of spark plasma sintered boron nitride solids

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Serles, Peter Alvarez, Gustavo A. Schimpf, Jesse Hache, Michel Kong, Jonathan Demingos, Pedro Guerra Yuan, Bo Pieshkov, Tymofii S. Li, Chenxi Puthirath, Anand B. Gao, Bin Gray, Tia Zhang, Xiang Murukeshan, Jishnu Vajtai, Robert Dai, Pengcheng Singh, Chandra Veer Howe, Jane Zou, Yu Martin, Lane W. Clancy, James Patrick Tian, Zhiting Filleter, Tobin Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King’s College Road TorontoM5S 3G8 Canada Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College St TorontoM5S 3E4 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4M1 Canada Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory United States

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is brittle, however, its atomic-scale structural engineering can lead to unprecedented physical properties. Here we report the bulk synthesis of high-density crystalline h-BN solids by using high-temperature spark plasma sintering (SPS) of micron size h-BN powders. In addition to the high mechanical strength and ductile response of such materials, we have obtained anomalous values of dielectric constant beyond theoretical limits, high thermal conductivity, and exceptional neutron radiation shielding capability. Through exhaustive characterizations we reveal that SPS induces non-basal plane crystallinity, twisting of layers, and facilitates inter-grain fusion with a high degree of in-plane alignment across macroscale dimensions, resulting in near-theoretical density and anomalous properties. Our findings highlight the importance of material design, via new approaches such as twisting and interconnections between atomically thin layers, to create novel ceramics with properties that could go beyond their intrinsic theoretical predictions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Spark plasma sintering

Cross-calibration and combined analysis of the CTA-LST prototype and the MAGIC telescopes 37

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Cross-calibration and combined analysis of the CTA-LST proto...

37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Ohtani, Y. Berti, A. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Green, D. Heckmann, L. Hütten, M. Inada, T. López-Coto, R. Medina, E. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Pirola, G. Strzys, M. Suda, Y. Vovk, I. Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moretti, E. ICRR The University of Tokyo 1-5-1 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa City Japan Max Planck Institute for Physics Föhringer Ring 6 München80805 Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Via Pietro Giuria 1 Torino10125 Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Via Francesco Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy IFAE Edifici Cn Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona08193 Spain Universidad Complutense de Madrid Av. Séneca 2 Madrid28040 Spain Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Spain INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Italy Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic Port d'Informació Científica Spain Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Italy Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory, which will consist of three kinds of telescopes of different sizes. Among those, the Large Size Telescope (LST) will be the most sensitive in the low energy range starting from 20 GeV. The prototype LST (LST-1) proposed for CTA was inaugurated in October 2018 in the northern hemisphere site, La Palma (Spain), and is currently in its commissioning phase. MAGIC is a system of two gamma-ray Cherenkov telescopes of the current generation, located approximately 100 m away from LST-1, that have been operating in stereoscopic mode since 2009. Since LST-1 and MAGIC can observe the same air shower events, we can compare the brightness of showers, estimated energies of gamma rays, and other parameters event by event, which can be used to cross-calibrate the telescopes. Ultimately, by performing combined analyses of the events triggering the three telescopes, we can reconstruct the shower geometry more accurately, leading to better energy and angular resolutions, and a better discrimination of the background showers initiated by cosmic rays. For that purpose, as part of the commissioning of LST-1, we performed joint observations of established gamma-ray sources with LST-1 and MAGIC. Also, we have developed Monte Carlo simulations for such joint observations and an analysis pipeline which finds event coincidence in the offline analysis based on their timestamps. In this work, we present the first detection of an astronomical source, the Crab Nebula, with combined observation of LST-1 and MAGIC. Moreover, we show results of the inter-telescope cross-calibration obtained using Crab Nebula data taken during joint observations with LST-1 and MAGIC. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Telescopes

ECO signatures from the Weyl-induced gravitational waveform injection

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Capistrano, Abraão J.S. Chávez, Newton M.S. León, Víctor A.M. Graduate Program in Applied Physics Federal University of Latin-American Integration Avenida Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos 1000 - Polo Universitário PR Foz do Iguaçu Brazil Departamento de Engenharias e Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal do Paraná Rua Pioneiro PR Palotina2153 Brazil

We investigate gravitational wave emission from an oscillating star modeled in a static Weyl background using a modulated waveform ansatz. First, we revisit the Weyl metric and obtain a Bessel-type curvature solution with regularity and asymptotic flatness conditions compatible for an astrophysical compact object. Second, we model an oscillating star-like object with a perfect fluid as a source of gravitational radiation. A modified wave equation with curvature-induced redshifts is solved numerically leading to a waveform that produces primary components due to wave trapping. This signal is injected into real LIGO data for GW150914 and compared across detectors allowing the detectability of curvature-induced gravitational waveform in the threshold of LIGO’s sensitivity, consistent with an exotic compact object (ECO). © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Gravity waves

Cellular organization in lab-evolved and extant multicellular species obeys a maximum entropy law

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Day, Thomas C. Höhn, Stephanie S. Zamani-Dahaj, Seyed A. Yanni, David Burnetti, Anthony Pentz, Jennifer Honerkamp-Smith, Aurelia R. Wioland, Hugo Sleath, Hannah R. Ratcliff, William C. Goldstein, Raymond E. Yunker, Peter J. School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics Centre for Mathematical Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States Quantitative Biosciences Graduate Program Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States Department of Molecular Biology Umeå University Umeå Sweden

The prevalence of multicellular organisms is due in part to their ability to form complex structures. How cells pack in these structures is a fundamental biophysical issue, underlying their functional properties. However, much remains unknown about how cell packing geometries arise, and how they are affected by random noise during growth - especially absent developmental programs. Here, we quantify the statistics of cellular neighborhoods of two different multicellular eukaryotes: lab-evolved "snowflake" yeast and the green alga Volvox carteri. We find that despite large differences in cellular organization, the free space associated with individual cells in both organisms closely fits a modified gamma distribution, consistent with maximum entropy predictions originally developed for granular materials. This 'entropic' cellular packing ensures a degree of predictability despite noise, facilitating parent-offspring fidelity even in the absence of developmental regulation. Together with simulations of diverse growth morphologies, these results suggest that gamma-distributed cell neighborhood sizes are a general feature of multicellularity, arising from conserved statistics of cellular packing. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Cytology

Outcoupling Hyperbolic Modes from Aligned Carbon Nanotube Films

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Outcoupling Hyperbolic Modes from Aligned Carbon Nanotube Fi...

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Bryant Jerome Ciril S. Prasad Jacques Doumani Oliver S. Dewey Andrey Baydin Matteo Pasquali Junichiro Kono Weilu Gao Alessandro Alabastri Gururaj V. Naik Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA

Aligned carbon nanotube films make an excellent hyperbolic material plat-form in the infrared. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the presence of high-k modes in aligned carbon nanotube films and outcouple them to fr... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

关键词： Films Carbon nanotubes Lasers and electrooptics Laser modes High-k dielectric materials Gratings Laser applications

Uncovering diffusive states of the yeast proton pump, Pma1, and how labeling method can change diffusive behavior

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bailey, Mary Lou P. Pratt, Susan E. Zhang, Yongdeng Hinrichsen, Michael Bewersdorf, Joerg Regan, Lynne J. Mochrie, Simon G.J. Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Cell Biology Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh06511 United Kingdom

We present and analyze video-microscopy-based single-particle-tracking measurements of the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) membrane protein, Pma1, fluorescently-labeled either by direct fusion to the switchable fluorescent protein, mEos3.2, or by a novel, light-touch, labeling scheme, in which a 5 amino acid tag is directly fused to the C-terminus of Pma1, which then binds mEos3.2. The diffusivity distributions of these two populations of single particle tracks differ significantly, demonstrating that labeling method can be an important determinant of diffusive behavior. We also applied perturbation expectation maximization (pEMv2) [Physical Review E 94, 052412 (2016)], which sorts trajectories into the statistically-optimum number of diffusive states. For both TRAP-labeled Pma1 and Pma1-mEos3.2, pEMv2 sorts the tracks into two diffusive states: an essentially immobile state and a more mobile state. However, the mobile fraction of Pma1-mEos3.2 tracks is much smaller (∼ 0.1) than the mobile fraction of TRAP-labeled Pma1 tracks (∼ 0.5). In addition, the diffusivity of Pma1-mEos3.2's mobile state is several times smaller than the diffusivity of TRAP-labeled Pma1's mobile state. To critically assess pEMv2's performance, we compare the diffusivity and covariance distributions of the experimental pEMv2-sorted populations to corresponding theoretical distributions, assuming that Pma1 displacements realize a Gaussian random process. The experiment-theory comparisons for both the TRAP-labeled Pma1 and Pma1-mEos3.2 reveal good agreement, bolstering the pEMv2 approach. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Diffusion