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1st International Conference on Quantum Communications, Networking, and Computing, QCNC 2024

作者： Chen, Kuan-Cheng Li, Xiaoren Xu, Xiaotian Wang, Yun-Yuan Liu, Chen-Yu Imperial College London Centre for Quantum Engineering LondonSW7 2BX United Kingdom Imperial College London Department of Materials LondonSW7 2BX United Kingdom University of Waterloo Department of Physics and Astronomy WaterlooON N2L 3G1 Canada NVIDIA Corp. Taipei114 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10663 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366778

Achieving high-performance computation on quantum systems is challenging, requiring integration between quantum and classical computing resources. This study presents a distribution-aware Quantum-Classical-Quantum (QCQ) architecture that combines advanced quantum software frameworks with high-performance classical computing to improve quantum simulations for materials and condensed matter physics, including the prediction of quantum phase transitions. The architecture employs Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithms on Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) for efficient quantum state preparation, and Tensor Network states and Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks (QCNNs) on classical hardware for state classification. Utilizing the cuQuantum SDK and PennyLane's Lightning plugin, the QCQ architecture achieves up to tenfold increases in computational speed for complex phase transition classification tasks compared to traditional CPU-based methods, demonstrating 99.5% accuracy in predicting phase transitions in models like the transverse field Ising and XXZ systems. This framework integrates quantum algorithms, machine learning, and Quantum-HPC capabilities, offering transformative insights into the behavior of quantum systems across different scales. As quantum hardware continues to improve, the QCQ framework will play a crucial role in realizing the full potential of quantum computing by seamlessly integrating distributed quantum resources with state-of-the-art classical computing infrastructure. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Software Performance of the ATLAS Track Reconstruction for LHC Run 3

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Computing and Software for Big Science 2024年第1期8卷 1-32页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abeling, K. Abicht, N.J. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B.S. Bourdarios, C. Adam Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Addison, M.J. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aikot, A. Tamlihat, M. Ait Aitbenchikh, B. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Akiyama, D. Akolkar, N.N. Khoury, K. Al Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Albouy, G.L. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, F. Algren, M. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, H.M.J. Ali, S. Alibocus, S.W. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allen, J.F. Flores, C. A. Allendes Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Estevez, M. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alvarez Cardoso, M. Alves Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Coutinho, Y. Amaral Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Santos, S. P. Amor Dos Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Pozo, J. A. Aparisi Aparo, M.A. Bella, L. Aperio Appelt, C. Apyan, A. Aranzabal, N. Val, S. J. Arbiol Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atashi, S. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Baines, L. Baker, O.K. Bakos, E. Gupta, D. Bakshi Balakrishnan, V. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramonte CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman OK United States II. Physikalisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Göttingen Germany Fakultät Physik Technische Universität Dortmund Dortmund Germany Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY United States Faculté des sciences Université Mohammed V Rabat Morocco Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Department of Physics New York University New York NY United States INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy Department of Physics Stanford University Stanford CA United States LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department of Physics Brandeis University Waltham MA United States School of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb IL United States Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA United States CERN Geneva Switzerland Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain INFN Sezione di Pavia Pavia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pavia Pavia Italy Institut für Physik Universität Mainz Mainz Germany Department of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Iasi Romania Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Geneva Switzerland Institu

Charged particle reconstruction in the presence of many simultaneous proton–proton (pp) collisions in the LHC is a challenging task for the ATLAS experiment’s reconstruction software due to the combinatorial complexity. This paper describes the major changes made to adapt the software to reconstruct high-activity collisions with an average of 50 or more simultaneous pp interactions per bunch crossing (pile-up) promptly using the available computing resources. The performance of the key components of the track reconstruction chain and its dependence on pile-up are evaluated, and the improvement achieved compared to the previous software version is quantified. For events with an average of 60pp collisions per bunch crossing, the updated track reconstruction is twice as fast as the previous version, without significant reduction in reconstruction efficiency and while reducing the rate of combinatorial fake tracks by more than a factor two. © The Author(s) 2024.

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Emulating complex synapses using interlinked proton conductors

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Physical Review applied 2025年第1期23卷 014027-014027页

作者： Lifu Zhang Ji-An Li Yang Hu Jie Jiang Rongjie Lai Marcus K. Benna Jian Shi Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA Neurosciences Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Mathematics Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Department of Neurobiology School of Biological Sciences University of California at San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA

In terms of energy efficiency and computational speed, neuromorphic electronics based on nonvolatile memory devices are expected to be one of most promising hardware candidates for future artificial intelligence (AI). However, catastrophic forgetting, networks rapidly overwriting previously learned weights when learning new tasks, remains a pivotal obstacle in either digital or analog AI chips for unleashing the true power of brainlike computing. To address catastrophic forgetting in the context of online memory storage, a complex synapse model (the Benna-Fusi model) was proposed recently [M. K. Benna and S. Fusi, Nat. Neurosci. 19, 1697 (2016)], the synaptic weight and internal variables of which evolve following diffusion dynamics. In this work, by designing a proton transistor with a series of charge-diffusion-controlled storage components, we have experimentally realized the Benna-Fusi artificial complex synapse. Memory consolidation from coupled storage components is revealed by both numerical simulations and experimental observations. Different memory timescales for the complex synapse are engineered by the diffusion length of charge carriers and the capacity and number of coupled storage components. The advantages of the demonstrated complex synapse for both memory capacity and memory consolidation are revealed by neural network simulations of face-familiarity detection. Our experimental realization of the complex synapse suggests a promising approach to enhance memory capacity and to enable continual learning.

关键词： Nonvolatile storage

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Sensing beyond the exceptional point for high detectivity

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Zhichao Prasad, Ciril S. Wang, Xielin Zhang, Ding Naik, Gururaj V. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Program Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Exceptional point (EP)-based optical sensors exhibit exceptional sensitivity but poor detectivity due to their acute sensitivity to perturbations such as noise. When the optical budget is limited as in applications on mobile platforms, high detectivity might be equally important as high sensitivity. In such scenarios, off-EP sensing is advantageous where a slight loss in sensitivity can lead to a significant gain in detectivity. Here, we show that a passive parity-time symmetric plasmonic-photonic hybrid shows a peak in its detectivity off EP where the sensitivity is still very high – surpassing the sensitivities of equivalent fully-plasmonic and fully-photonic systems. We demonstrate the high detectivity of off-EP sensing of anti-mouse IgG protein using this plasmonic-photonic hybrid system. We report a sensitivity of 1.2 nm/nM while requiring a minimum optical budget of 1.3 nJ. Thus, non-Hermitian plasmonic-photonic hybrids could be the best class of nanophotonic sensors for real-world applications. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Budget control

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Mixed-order topology of Benalcazar-Bernevig-Hughes models

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sur, Shouvik Tyner, Alexander C. Goswami, Pallab Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

Benalcazar-Bernevig-Hughes (BBH) models, defined on D-dimensional simple cubic lattice, are paradigmatic toy models for studying D-th order topology and corner-localized, mid-gap states. Under periodic boundary conditions, the Wilson loops of non-Abelian Berry connection of BBH models along all high-symmetry axes have been argued to exhibit gapped spectra, which predict gapped surface-states under open boundary conditions. In this work, we identify 1D, 2D, and 3D topological invariants for characterizing higher order topological insulators. Further, we demonstrate the existence of cubic-symmetry-protected, gapless spectra of Wilson loops and surface-states along the body diagonal directions of the Brillouin zone of BBH models. We show the gapless surface-states are described by 2D−1-component, massless Dirac fermions. Thus, BBH models can exhibit the signatures of first and D-th order topological insulators, depending on the details of externally imposed boundary conditions. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Surface states

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Aspects of ZN rank-2 gauge theory in (2+1) dimensions: Construction schemes, holonomies, and sublattice one-form symmetries

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Physical Review B 2023年第15期107卷 155151-155151页

作者： Yun-Tak Oh Salvatore D. Pace Jung Hoon Han Yizhi You Hyun-Yong Lee Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea Department of Physics Northeastern University 360 Huntington Ave Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Applied Physics Graduate School Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Interdisciplinary Program in EÂ·ICT-Culture-Sports Convergence Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea

Rank-2 toric code (R2TC), a prototypical archetype of the discrete rank-2 symmetric gauge theory, has properties that differ from those of the standard toric code. Specifically, it features a blending of UV and IR in its ground state, restricted mobility of its quasiparticles, and variations in the braiding statistics of its quasiparticles based on their position. In this paper, we investigate various aspects of ZN rank-2 gauge theory in (2+1)-dimensional spacetime. Firstly, we demonstrate that U(1) rank-2 gauge theory can arise from U(1)×U(1) rank-1 gauge theory after condensing the gauge charges in a specific way. This construction scheme of U(1) rank-2 gauge theory carries over to the ZN case simply by Higgsing U(1) to ZN, after which the resulting rank-2 gauge theory can be tuned to the R2TC. The holonomy operators of R2TC are readily identified using this scheme and are given clear physical interpretation as the pair creation/annihilation of various monopoles and dipoles. Explicit tensor network construction of the ground states of R2TC is given as two copies of the ground states of Kitaev's toric code that are “sewn together” according to the condensation scheme. In addition, through a similar anyon condensation protocol, we present a double semion version of rank-2 toric code whose flux excitations exhibit restricted mobility and semionic statistics. Finally, we identify the generalized discrete symmetries of the R2TC, which are much more complex than typical 1-form symmetries. They include conventional and unconventional 1-form symmetries, such as framed 1-form symmetries and what we call sublattice 1-form symmetries. Using these, we interpret the R2TC's unique properties (UV/IR mixing, position-dependent braiding, etc.) from the modern perspective of generalized spontaneous symmetry breaking and 't Hooft anomalies.

关键词： Quantum field theory Lattice gauge theory

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Development of A Multi-layer Silicon Beta-ray Dosemeter for CANDU Environment

Development of A Multi-layer Silicon Beta-ray Dosemeter for ...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Xingzhi Cheng Ben Dyer Andrei Hanu Soo Hyun Byun Department of Physics and Astronomy Radiation Sciences Graduate Program (Medical Physics) McMaster University Hamilton Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University Hamilton Canada Bruce Power Tiverton Canada

There is a growing demand for precise dose assessment to the lens of eye from beta radiation at CANDU power plants. We present the design of a silicon-based beta-ray dosemeter to meet such needs. The primary objective of the dosemeter is to measure the in situ beta-ray fluence rate spectrum and monitor the dose rates for eye, skin and whole body in real-time. We aim to accomplish the minimum gamma rejection ratio 1000:1 to avoid the beta dose overestimation. To achieve the objective, the beta radiation dosemeter features a telescopic configuration of a stack of three 40 mm diameter planar Si detectors with different thicknesses that can cover a beta energy range of 70 keV to 3000 keV using the ΔE vs. E method. Customized detector housing and front-end electronics including power and preamp module are developed. A microcontroller (MCU)-based data acquisition (DAQ), control system, firmware and software are currently under development. MCNP simulations were performed to optimize the instrument design. In this paper, we report the hardware architecture, MCNP results and preliminary characterization of a prototype system.

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The physical attributes of rubidium-based Rb2TlRhF6 double perovskite halide: A first-principles investigation

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Physica B: Condensed Matter 2024年 685卷

作者： Qaid, Saif M.H. Murtaza, Hudabia Ain, Quratul Din, Moeen Ud Ghaithan, Hamid M. Ali Ahmed, Abdullah Ahmed Munir, Junaid Department of Physics & Astronomy College of Sciences King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Riphah International University Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei1061 Taiwan and Fachbereich Physik Universität Hamburg Hamburg20146 Germany

Rubidium cations (Rb+) significantly improve the overall performance of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite based devices and have gained exceptional attention due to their good thermal and structural stability. In this paper, we have evaluated the physical attributes of rubidium based Rb2TlRhF6 via DFT code using TB-mBJ potential. Structural stability has been confirmed through negative formation energy and calculated tolerance factor. Band structure and TDOS profile confirm semiconductor nature with 3.2 eV direct bandgap at (L-L) symmetry points. A ductile nature with metallic bonding is observed through the investigation of elastic attributes. Optical analysis of Rb2TlRhF6 indicates great absorption in the UV region. Low thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity, along with a high value for power factor, resulted in high ZT value of 0.8 and 800 K. The combined qualities provide a stunning and exciting picture of this compound for use in thermoelectric advanced technologies. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Super-Mossian Dielectrics for Nanophotonics

Super-Mossian Dielectrics for Nanophotonics

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Wang, Xielin Doiron, Chloe F. Li, Zhichao Khurgin, Jacob B. Naik, Gururaj V. Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Searching for high-index dielectrics, we identify materials that break the index upper bound set by Moss' rule. We highlight the promise of such super-Mossian materials by demonstrating nanophotonic devices made o... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Layered semiconductors

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Negative superfluid density and spatial instabilities in driven superconductors

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Grankin, Andrey Galitski, Victor Oganesyan, Vadim Joint Quantum Institute Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Physics Program and Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences The Graduate Center CUNY New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Staten Island CUNY Staten IslandNY10314 United States

We consider excitation of Higgs modes via the modulation of the BCS coupling within the Migdal-Eliashberg-Keldysh theory of time-dependent superconductivity. Despite the presence of phonons, which break integrability, we observe Higgs amplitude oscillations reminiscent of the integrable case. The dynamics of quasiparticles follows from the effective Bogolyubov-de Gennes equations, which represent a Floquet problem for the Bogolyubov quasiparticles. We find that when the Floquet-Bogolyubov bands overlap, the homogeneous solution formally leads to a negative superfluid density, which is no longer proportional to the amplitude of the order parameter. This result indicates an instability, which we explore using spatially-resolved BdG equations. Spontaneous appearance of spatial inhomogeneities in the order parameter is observed and they first occur when the superfluid density becomes unphysical. We conclude that the homogeneous solution to time-dependent superconductivity is generally unstable and breaks up into a complicated spatial landscape via an avalanche of topological excitations. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Penetration depth (superconductivity)

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