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The abundance and localization of environmental microplastics in gastrointestinal tract and muscle of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus): a pilot study

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Microplastics and Nanoplastics 2024年第1期4卷 23页

作者： Pitt, Jordan A. Gallager, Scott M. Youngs, Sarah Michel, Anna P. M. Hahn, Mark E. Aluru, Neelakanteswar Biology Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole 02543 MA United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) – Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Joint Graduate Program in Oceanography and Oceanographic Engineering Woods Hole 02543 MA United States CoastalOceanVision Inc 10 Edgerton Drive North Falmouth 02556 MA United States Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole 02543 MA United States

Microplastics (MPs) have been found in a diverse range of organisms across trophic levels. While a majority of the information on organismal exposure to plastics in the environment comes from gastrointestinal (GI) data, the prevalence of MP particles in other tissues is not well understood. Additionally, many studies have not been able to detect the smallest, most prevalent, MPs (1 µm – 5 mm) that are the most likely to distribute to tissues in the body. To address these knowledge gaps, MPs in the GI tract and muscle of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) collected from two sites (Falmouth and Bourne) on Buzzards Bay, Cape Cod, MA were quantified down to 2 µm in size. Eight fish from Falmouth and 10 fish Bourne site were analyzed. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify all particles. The mean concentrations of MPs in the GI tract and muscle from fish collected from Falmouth was 85.5 ± 70.2 and 11 ± 12.5 particles per gram wet weight, respectively. Fish collected from Bourne site had mean particle concentrations of 12.2 ± 18.1 and 1.69 ± 5.36 particles per gram wet weight. Of the 2,008 particles analyzed in various fish tissue samples, only 3.4% (69 particles) were identified as plastic;polymers included nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyurethane. MPs detected in the GI tract samples also tended to be more diverse in both size and polymer type than those found in the muscle. We found that MPs < 50 µm, which are often not analyzed in the literature, were the most common in both the GI tract and muscle samples. There was not a significant correlation between the MP content in the muscle compared to the GI tract, indicating that GI tract MP abundance cannot be used to predict non-GI tract tissue MP content;however, MP abundance in muscle correlated with fish total length, suggesting potential bioaccumulation of these small MPs. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Bioaccumulation Fish Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Microplastics Raman spectroscopy Translocation

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AI Aided GPR Data Multipath Summation Using x-t Stacking Weights

AI Aided GPR Data Multipath Summation Using x-t Stacking Wei...

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International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP)

作者： Economou Nikos Nasir Sobhi Al Abri Said Bader Al Shaqsi Hamdan Hamdan Applied Geophysics Lab School of Mineral Resources Engineering Technical University of Crete Chania Greece Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos University College of Science Muscat Oman Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy Petroleum Geosciences and Remote Sensing Program Sharjah University UAE

ISBN: (数字)9798350365597

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365603

Migration velocity of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data is a low wavenumber attribute crucial for migration. Obtaining a migration velocity model, which is considered closer to a Root Mean Square (RMS) model, from zero-offset (ZO) data requires analysis of the available diffractions whose density and (x, t) coverage is random. Thus, accuracy and efficiency of such a velocity model either for migration or its usage for interval velocity model estimation is not guaranteed. Here, with the aid of an Artificiaal Intelligence (AI) algorithm, which detects diffractions and usage of their kinematic information, we generate a diffraction velocity model used for the assignment of 2D weights for weighted multipath summation. The scope is to efficiently focus the scattered energy within a GPR section. We describe this methodology and demonstrate its application in enhancing the lateral continuity of reflections. We compare it with the multipath summation using lD weights with simulated data and present its application on marble assessment GPR data for imaging cracks in the subsurface structure.

关键词： Analytical models Diffraction Stacking Estimation Kinematics Data models Reflection

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Detecting Fractionalization in Critical Spin Liquids using Color Centers

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Takei, So Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav Department of Physics Queens College The City University of New York QueensNY11367 United States Physics Doctoral Program The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

Quantum spin liquids are highly entangled ground states of insulating spin systems, in which magnetic ordering is prevented down to the lowest temperatures due to quantum fluctuations. One of the most extraordinary characteristics of quantum spin liquid phases is their ability to support fractionalized, low-energy quasiparticles known as spinons, which carry spin-1/2 but bear no charge. Relaxometry based on color centers in crystalline materials - of which nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a well-explored example - provides an exciting new platform to probe the spin spectral functions of magnetic materials with both energy and momentum resolution and to search for signatures of these elusive, fractionalized excitations. In this work, we theoretically investigate the color-center relaxometry of two archetypal quantum spin liquids: the two-dimensional U(1) quantum spin liquid with a spinon Fermi surface and the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic spin chain. The former is characterized by a metallic, spin-split ground state of mobile, interacting spinons, which closely resembles a spin-polarized Fermi liquid ground state but with neutral quasiparticles. We show that the observation of the Stoner continuum and the collective spin wave mode in the spin spectral function would provide a strong evidence for the existence of spinons and fractionalization. In one dimension, mobile spinons form a Luttinger liquid ground state. We show that the spin spectral function exhibits strong features representing the collective density and spin-wave modes, which are broadened in an algebraic fashion with an exponent characterized by the Luttinger parameter. The possibilities of measuring these collective modes and detecting the power-law decay of the spectral weight using NV relaxometry are discussed. We also examine how the transition rates are modified by marginally irrelevant operators in the Heisenberg limit. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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Efficiently Cooling Quantum Systems with Finite Resources: Insights from Thermodynamic Geometry

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第7期134卷 070401-070401页

作者： Philip Taranto Patryk Lipka-Bartosik Nayeli A. Rodríguez-Briones Martí Perarnau-Llobet Nicolai Friis Marcus Huber Pharnam Bakhshinezhad Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL United Kingdom Department of Physics Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo City Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Applied Physics University of Geneva 1211 Geneva Switzerland Institute of Theoretical Physics Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University 30-348 Kraków Poland Atominstitut Technische Universität Wien Stadionallee 2 1020 Vienna Austria Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Física Teòrica: Informació i Fenòmens Quàntics Departament de Física Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Bellatera (Barcelona) Spain Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information—IQOQI Vienna Austrian Academy of Sciences Boltzmanngasse 3 1090 Vienna Austria

Landauer’s limit on heat dissipation during information erasure is critical as devices shrink, requiring optimal pure-state preparation to minimize errors. However, Nernst’s third law states this demands infinite resources in energy, time, or control complexity. We address the challenge of cooling quantum systems with finite resources. Using Markovian collision models, we explore resource trade-offs and present efficient cooling protocols (that are optimal for qubits) for coherent and incoherent control. Leveraging thermodynamic length, we derive bounds on heat dissipation for swap-based strategies and discuss the limitations of preparing pure states efficiently.

关键词： Cooling

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Effect of loops on the mean-square displacement of Rouse-model chromatin

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Physical Review E 2024年第4期109卷 044502-044502页

作者： Tianyu Yuan Hao Yan Mary Lou P. Bailey Jessica F. Williams Ivan Surovtsev Megan C. King Simon G. J. Mochrie Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Cell Biology Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA

Chromatin polymer dynamics are commonly described using the classical Rouse model. The subsequent discovery, however, of intermediate-scale chromatin organization known as topologically associating domains (TADs) in experimental Hi-C contact maps for chromosomes across the tree of life, together with the success of loop extrusion factor (LEF) model in explaining TAD formation, motivates efforts to understand the effect of loops and loop extrusion on chromatin dynamics. This paper seeks to fulfill this need by combining LEF-model simulations with extended Rouse-model polymer simulations to investigate the dynamics of chromatin with loops and dynamic loop extrusion. We show that loops significantly suppress the averaged mean-square displacement (MSD) of a gene locus, consistent with recent experiments that track fluorescently labeled chromatin loci. We also find that loops reduce the MSD's stretching exponent from the classical Rouse-model value of 1/2 to a loop-density-dependent value in the 0.45–0.40 range. Remarkably, stretching exponent values in this range have also been observed in recent experiments [Weber et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 238102 (2010); Bailey et al., Mol. Biol. Cell 34, ar78 (2023)]. We also show that the dynamics of loop extrusion itself negligibly affects chromatin mobility. By studying static “rosette” loop configurations, we also demonstrate that chromatin MSDs and stretching exponents depend on the location of the locus in question relative to the position of the loops and on the local friction environment.

关键词： Chromatin Chromosomes DNA Polymers Brownian dynamics Langevin equation Rouse model

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Braiding fractional quantum Hall quasiholes on a superconducting quantum processor

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Physical Review B 2023年第6期108卷 064303-064303页

作者： Ammar Kirmani Derek S. Wang Pouyan Ghaemi Armin Rahmani Physics Department City College of the City University of New York New York 10031 USA IBM Quantum IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights 10598 USA Physics Program Graduate Center of City University of New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Center Western Washington University Bellingham Washington 98225 USA

Direct experimental detection of anyonic exchange statistics in fractional quantum Hall systems by braiding the excitations and measuring the wave-function phase is an enormous challenge. Here, we use a small, noisy quantum computer to emulate direct braiding within the framework of a simplified model applicable to a thin cylinder geometry and measure the topological phase. Our algorithm first prepares the ground state with two quasiholes. It then applies a unitary operation controlled by an ancilla, corresponding to a sequence of adiabatic evolutions that take one quasihole around the other. We finally extract the phase of the wave function from measuring the ancilla with a compound error mitigation strategy. Our results point out an avenue for studying braiding statistics in fractional Hall states.

关键词： Anyons Fractional quantum Hall effect Quantum algorithms Superconducting devices

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Mechanical plasticity of cell membranes enhances epithelial wound closure

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Physical Review Research 2024年第1期6卷 L012036-L012036页

作者： Andrew T. Ton Arthur K. MacKeith Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

During epithelial wound healing, cell morphology near the healed wound and the healing rate vary strongly among different developmental stages even for a single species like Drosophila. We develop deformable particle (DP) model simulations to understand how variations in cell mechanics give rise to distinct wound closure phenotypes in the Drosophila embryonic ectoderm and larval wing disc epithelium. We find that plastic deformation of the cell membrane can generate large changes in cell shape consistent with wound closure in the embryonic ectoderm. Our results show that the embryonic ectoderm is best described by cell membranes with an elasto-plastic response, whereas the larval wing disc is best described by cell membranes with an exclusively elastic response. By varying the mechanical response of cell membranes in DP simulations, we recapitulate the wound closure behavior of both the embryonic ectoderm and the larval wing disc.

关键词： Cell mechanics Jamming Cell membrane Epithelial cells

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Plasmonic BICs as Biosensors with Better Detectivity

Plasmonic BICs as Biosensors with Better Detectivity

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Zhichao Li Ciril S. Prasad Xielin Wang Gururaj V. Naik Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA

Plasmonic sensors exhibit high sensitivity due to enhanced local fields. But, their detectivity is poor because of their poor Q-factors. Using a plasmonic BIC, we experimentally demonstrate enhanced Q-factors in a pla... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Absorption spectroscopy Field enhancement Optical sensing Plasmonic sensors Q factor Sensor performance

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Measurements of multijet event isotropies using optimal transport with the ATLAS detector

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Journal of High Energy physics 2023年第10期2023卷 1-58页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abbott, D.C. Abeling, K. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Abusleme Hoffman, A.C. Acharya, B.S. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Ait Tamlihat, M. Aitbenchikh, B. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, S. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allendes Flores, C.A. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alvarez Estevez, M. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S.P. Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Antrim, D.J.A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparisi Pozo, J.A. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Aranzabal, N. Araujo Ferraz, V. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arrubarrena Tame, Z.P. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N.B. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avner, G. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Ayoub, M.K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Bakalis, C. Baker, O.K. Bakker, P.J. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balaji, S. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramonte, M. Bandyo Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Istinye University Sariyer Istanbul

A measurement of novel event shapes quantifying the isotropy of collider events is performed in 140 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions with s = 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy recorded with the ATLAS detector at CERN’s La... 详细信息

A measurement of novel event shapes quantifying the isotropy of collider events is performed in 140 fb⁻¹ of proton-proton collisions with s = 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy recorded with the ATLAS detector at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. These event shapes are defined as the Wasserstein distance between collider events and isotropic reference geometries. This distance is evaluated by solving optimal transport problems, using the ‘Energy-Mover’s Distance’. Isotropic references with cylindrical and circular symmetries are studied, to probe the symmetries of interest at hadron colliders. The novel event-shape observables defined in this way are infrared- and collinear-safe, have improved dynamic range and have greater sensitivity to isotropic radiation patterns than other event shapes. The measured event-shape variables are corrected for detector effects, and presented in inclusive bins of jet multiplicity and the scalar sum of the two leading jets’ transverse momenta. The measured distributions are provided as inputs to future Monte Carlo tuning campaigns and other studies probing fundamental properties of QCD and the production of hadronic final states up to the TeV-scale. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： Hadron-Hadron Scattering Jet physics Jets

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Search for a new Z′ gauge boson in 4μ events with the ATLAS experiment

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Journal of High Energy physics 2023年第7期2023卷 1-42页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abbott, D.C. Abeling, K. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Abusleme Hoffman, A.C. Acharya, B.S. Achkar, B. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, S. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alunno Camelia, E. Alvarez Estevez, M. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S.P. Amoroso, S. Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Antrim, D.J.A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparisi Pozo, J.A. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Aranzabal, N. Araujo Ferraz, V. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arrubarrena Tame, Z.P. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N.B. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avner, G. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Ayoub, M.K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Bakalis, C. Baker, O.K. Bakker, P.J. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balaji, S. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramonte, M. Bandyopadhyay, A. B Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Istinye University Sariyer Istanbul

This paper presents a search for a new Z′ vector gauge boson with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using pp collision data collected at s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb⁻¹. The new gauge boson Z′ is predicted by L_μ − L_τ models to address observed phenomena that can not be explained by the Standard Model. The search examines the four-muon (4μ) final state, using a deep learning neural network classifier to separate the Z′ signal from the Standard Model background events. The di-muon invariant masses in the 4μ events are used to extract the Z′ resonance signature. No significant excess of events is observed over the predicted background. Upper limits at a 95% confidence level on the Z′ production cross-section times the decay branching fraction of pp → Z′μμ → 4μ are set from 0.31 to 4.3 fb for the Z′ mass ranging from 5 to 81 GeV. The corresponding common coupling strengths, g_Z′, of the Z′ boson to the second and third generation leptons above 0.003 – 0.2 have been excluded. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Beyond Standard Model Hadron-Hadron Scattering

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