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Fermi LAT search for dark matter in gamma-ray lines and the inclusive photon spectrum

Physical Review D 2012年第2期86卷 022002-022002页

作者： M. Ackermann M. Ajello A. Albert L. Baldini G. Barbiellini K. Bechtol R. Bellazzini B. Berenji R. D. Blandford E. D. Bloom E. Bonamente A. W. Borgland M. Brigida R. Buehler S. Buson G. A. Caliandro R. A. Cameron P. A. Caraveo J. M. Casandjian C. Cecchi E. Charles A. Chekhtman J. Chiang S. Ciprini R. Claus J. Cohen-Tanugi J. Conrad F. D’Ammando F. de Palma C. D. Dermer E. do Couto e Silva P. S. Drell A. Drlica-Wagner Y. Edmonds R. Essig C. Favuzzi S. J. Fegan W. B. Focke Y. Fukazawa S. Funk P. Fusco F. Gargano D. Gasparrini S. Germani N. Giglietto F. Giordano M. Giroletti T. Glanzman G. Godfrey I. A. Grenier S. Guiriec M. Gustafsson D. Hadasch M. Hayashida D. Horan R. E. Hughes T. Kamae J. Knödlseder M. Kuss J. Lande A. M. Lionetto M. Llena Garde F. Longo F. Loparco M. N. Lovellette P. Lubrano M. N. Mazziotta P. F. Michelson W. Mitthumsiri T. Mizuno A. A. Moiseev C. Monte M. E. Monzani A. Morselli I. V. Moskalenko S. Murgia M. Naumann-Godo J. P. Norris E. Nuss T. Ohsugi A. Okumura E. Orlando J. F. Ormes D. Paneque J. H. Panetta M. Pesce-Rollins F. Piron G. Pivato T. A. Porter D. Prokhorov S. Rainò R. Rando M. Razzano O. Reimer M. Roth C. Sbarra J. D. Scargle C. Sgrò E. J. Siskind A. Snyder P. Spinelli D. J. Suson H. Takahashi T. Tanaka J. G. Thayer J. B. Thayer L. Tibaldo M. Tinivella D. F. Torres G. Tosti E. Troja J. Vandenbroucke V. Vasileiou G. Vianello V. Vitale A. P. Waite B. L. Winer K. S. Wood Z. Yang S. Zimmer Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY D-15738 Zeuthen Germany W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA Department of Physics Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica “M. Merlin” dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari I-70126 Bari Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bari 70126 Bari Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova I-35131 Padova Italy Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Galilei” Università di Padova I-35131 Padova Italy Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEE-CSIC) Campus UAB 08193 Barcelona Spain INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica I-20133 Milano Italy Laboratoire AIM CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot Service d’Astrophysique CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette France Artep Inc. 2922 Excelsior Springs Court Ellicott City Maryland 21042 USAresident at Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA ASI Science Data Center I-00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier Université Montpellier 2 CNRS/IN2P3 Montpellier France Department of Physics Stockholm University AlbaNova SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics AlbaNova SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden IASF Palermo 90146 Palermo Italy INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica I-00133 Roma Italy Space Science Division Naval Research Labor

Dark matter particle annihilation or decay can produce monochromatic gamma-ray lines and contribute to the diffuse gamma-ray background. Flux upper limits are presented for gamma-ray spectral lines from 7 to 200 GeV and for the diffuse gamma-ray background from 4.8 GeV to 264 GeV obtained from two years of Fermi Large Area Telescope data integrated over most of the sky. We give cross-section upper limits and decay lifetime lower limits for dark matter models that produce gamma-ray lines or contribute to the diffuse spectrum, including models proposed as explanations of the PAMELA and Fermi cosmic-ray data.

关键词： FERMI surfaces DARK matter (astronomy) ANNIHILATION reactions RADIOACTIVE decay GAMMA ray spectrometry CROSS sections (Nuclear physics)

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Broadband antireflective glasses with subwavelength structures using randomly distributed Ag nanoparticles

Broadband antireflective glasses with subwavelength structur...

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作者： Park, Gyeong Cheol Song, Young Min Ha, Jong-Hoon Lee, Yong Tak Department of Information and Communications Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department OfNanobio Materials and Electronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of

We demonstrate broadband antireflective glasses with subwavelength structures (SWSs) using randomly distributed Ag nanoparticles. Ag nanoparticles formed by a thermal dewetting process were used as an etch mask for dry etching to fabricate antireflective SWSs on the glass surface. The size and shape of Ag nanoparticles are changed by the different thickness of the Ag thin film. The morphology of SWSs fabricated by using the Ag thin films is well consistent with that of the Ag nanoparticles. The single-side SWS integrated glass exhibits improved transmittance of ∼96% at 750 nm due to the graded refractive index profiles, while the transmittance is only ∼92.5% for the flat surface. To reduce Fresnel reflection at the other side of the glass substrate, the SWSs with optimized Ag film thickness and dry etching conditions are formed on both sides of the glass. The dual-side SWS integrated glass show an average transmittance of ∼97.5% in a wavelength range of 350-750 nm. Transmission band shrinkage effects of the SWS integrated glass are also observed with increased average size of the Ag nanoparticles. Copyright © 2011 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Metal nanoparticles

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Cold-Nuclear-Matter Effects on Heavy-Quark Production in d+Au Collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review Letters 2012年第24期109卷 242301-242301页

作者： A. Adare C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander A. Angerami K. Aoki N. Apadula Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov J. H. Bhom D. S. Blau J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk S. Campbell A. Caringi C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi J. B. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole Z. Conesa del Valle M. Connors M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David M. K. Dayananda A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond K. V. Dharmawardane O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta L. D’Orazio S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En’yo S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene G. Grim M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara M. Issah D. Ivanischev Y. Iwanaga B. V. Jacak J. Jia X. Jiang J. Jin B. M. Johnson T. Jones K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu M. Kasai D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima J. Kikuchi A. Kim B. I. Kim D. J. Kim E.-J. Kim Y.-J. Kim E. Kinney Á. Kiss E. Kistenev D. Kleinjan L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kurosawa Y. Kwon G. S. Kyl University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California—Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Yonsei University IPAP Seoul 120-749 Korea Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123098 Russia Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Muhlenberg College

The PHENIX experiment has measured electrons and positrons at midrapidity from the decays of hadrons containing charm and bottom quarks produced in d+Au and p+p collisions at sNN=200 GeV in the transverse-momentum ra... 详细信息

关键词： ELECTRONS POSITRONS HADRONS QUARKS COLLISIONS (physics)

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Compressive Surface Stress in Magnetic Transition Metals

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Physical Review Letters 2011年第5期106卷 057202-057202页

作者： M. P. J. Punkkinen S. K. Kwon J. Kollár B. Johansson L. Vitos Applied Materials Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineering Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm SE-100 44 Sweden Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Turku FI-20014 Turku Finland Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 790-784 Korea Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics Budapest H-1525 P.O. Box 49 Hungary Department of Physics and Materials Science Uppsala University Uppsala SE-75121 Sweden

Because of the increased electron density within the surface layer, metal surfaces are generally expected to have tensile surface stress. Here, using first-principles density functional calculations, we demonstrate that in magnetic 3d metals surface magnetism can alter this commonly accepted picture. We find that the thermodynamically stable surfaces of chromium and manganese possess compressive surface stress. The revealed negative surface stress is shown to be ascribed to the enhanced magnetic moments within the surface layer relative to the bulk values.

关键词： Transition metals

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Fabrication of uniform QPM device using negative multiple pulse poling method

Fabrication of uniform QPM device using negative multiple pu...

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2011 International Quantum Electronics Conference, IQEC 2011 and Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO Pacific Rim 2011

作者： Choi, Ju Won Kang, Heejong Ko, Do-Kyeong Ro, Jung Hoon Yu, Nan Ei Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Advanced Photonics Research Institute Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Pusan National University Busan 602-739 Korea Republic of

We introduced a novel negative multiple pulse poling (NMP) method for uniform device fabrication of quasi-phase matching using an in-situ visualization system. Diffraction pattern analysis showed the duty ratio of 0.4... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9780977565771

关键词： Fabrication

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Biosensors: Graphene-Oxide-Based Immunosensing through Fluorescence Quenching by Peroxidase-Catalyzed Polymerization (Small 13/2012)

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Small 2012年第13期8卷

作者： Seong Yoon Lim Junhyoung Ahn Joon Seok Lee Min-Gon Kim Chan Beum Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Korea Biomonitoring Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) 125 Science Road Daejeon 305-806 Korea Advanced Photonics Research Institute Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Chan Beum Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Korea. Min-Gon Kim Advanced Photonics Research Institute Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea

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Deviation from quark number scaling of the anisotropy parameter v2 of pions, kaons, and protons in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review C 2012年第6期85卷 064914-064914页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander K. Aoki Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En'yo S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E. P. Hartouni E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya J. Ide Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev B. V. Jacak J. Jia J. Jin B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima B. I. Kim D. H. Kim D. J. Kim E. Kim E. J. Kim S. H. Kim Y. J. Kim E. Kinney K. Kiriluk Á. Kiss E. Kistenev L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster D. Kotchetkov A. Kozlov A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kurosawa Y. Kwon G. S. Kyle R. Lacey Y. S. Lai J. G. La University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University State University of New York Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University State University of New York Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California - Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Institute of Physics and Applied Physics Yonsei University Seoul 120-749 Korea Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Columbia University New York N

Measurements of the anisotropy parameter v2 of identified hadrons (pions, kaons, and protons) as a function of centrality, transverse momentum pT, and transverse kinetic energy KET at midrapidity (|η|<0.35) in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV are presented. Pions and protons are identified up to pT= 6 GeV/c, and kaons up to pT= 4 GeV/c, by combining information from time-of-flight and aerogel Čerenkov detectors in the PHENIX Experiment. The scaling of v2 with the number of valence quarks (nq) has been studied in different centrality bins as a function of transverse momentum and transverse kinetic energy. A deviation from previously observed quark-number scaling is observed at large values of KET/nq in noncentral Au + Au collisions (20–60%), but this scaling remains valid in central collisions (0–10%).

关键词： Collisions hydrogen ions TRANSVERSE MOMENTUM kaons pi-Mesons Deviation Quarks

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Observation of Direct-Photon Collective Flow in Au+Au Collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review Letters 2012年第12期109卷 122302-122302页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander K. Aoki Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En’yo S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E. P. Hartouni E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya J. Ide Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev B. V. Jacak J. Jia J. Jin B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima B. I. Kim D. H. Kim D. J. Kim E. Kim E. J. Kim S. H. Kim Y. J. Kim E. Kinney K. Kiriluk Á. Kiss E. Kistenev C. Klein-Boesing L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster D. Kotchetkov A. Kozlov A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kurosawa Y. Kwon G. S. Kyle R. Lacey Y University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Yonsei University IPAP Seoul 120-749 Korea Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Bhabha Atomic

The second Fourier component v2 of the azimuthal anisotropy with respect to the reaction plane is measured for direct photons at midrapidity and transverse momentum (pT) of 1–12 GeV/c in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. Previous measurements of this quantity for hadrons with pT<6 GeV/c indicate that the medium behaves like a nearly perfect fluid, while for pT>6 GeV/c a reduced anisotropy is interpreted in terms of a path-length dependence for parton energy loss. In this measurement with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider we find that for pT>4 GeV/c the anisotropy for direct photons is consistent with zero, which is as expected if the dominant source of direct photons is initial hard scattering. However, in the pT<4 GeV/c region dominated by thermal photons, we find a substantial direct-photon v2 comparable to that of hadrons, whereas model calculations for thermal photons in this kinematic region underpredict the observed v2.

关键词： HEAVY ion collisions PHOTONS OBSERVATION (Scientific method) ANISOTROPY FOURIER analysis HADRONS MOMENTUM (Mechanics) NUCLEAR models

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Optimization of defect hole placement in resonant cavities

Optimization of defect hole placement in resonant cavities

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作者： Kang, Christopher Weiss, Sharon M. Vlasov, Yurii A. Assefa, Solomon Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University 37235 United States IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY 10536 United States

We demonstrate the resonance wavelength and quality factor dependence of 50nm defect-hole placement within photonic crystal L3 microcavities. Proper placement of defect-holes leads to a 12% increase in photonic crysta... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529107

关键词： Photonic crystals

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An on-line acoustic fluorocarbon coolant mixture analyzer for the ATLAS silicon tracker

An on-line acoustic fluorocarbon coolant mixture analyzer fo...

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2nd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications, ANIMMA 2011

作者： Bates, R. Battistin, M. Berry, S. Bitadze, A. Bonneau, P. Bousson, N. Boyd, G. Botelho-Direito, J. DiGirolamo, B. Doubek, M. Egorov, K. Godlewski, J. Hallewell, G. Katunin, S. Mathieu, M. McMahon, S. Nagai, K. Perez-Rodriguez, E. Rozanov, A. Vacek, V. Vitek, M. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom CERN 1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille 163 Avenue de Luminy 13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 United States Czech Technical University Technická 4 166 07 Prague 6 Czech Republic Physics Department Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 United States 188300 St. Petersburg Russia Rutherford Appelton Laboratory - Science and Technology Facilities Council Chilton Didcot OX11 OQX United Kingdom Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781457709265

The ATLAS silicon tracker community foresees an upgrade from the present octafluoropropane (C3F8) evaporative cooling fluid - to a composite fluid with a probable 10-20% admixture of hexafluoroethane (C 2F6). Such a fluid will allow a lower evaporation temperature and will afford the tracker silicon substrates a better safety margin against leakage current-induced thermal runaway caused by cumulative radiation damage as the luminosity profile at the CERN Large Hadron Collider increases. Central to the use of this new fluid is a new custom-developed speed-of-sound instrument for continuous real-time measurement of the C 3F8/C2F6 mixture ratio and flow. An acoustic vapour mixture analyzer/flow meter with new custom electronics allowing ultrasonic frequency transmission through gas mixtures has been developed for this application. Synchronous with the emission of an ultrasound 'chirp' from an acoustic transmitter, a fast readout clock (40 MHz) is started. The clock is stopped on receipt of an above threshold sound pulse at the receiver. Sound is alternately transmitted parallel and anti-parallel with the vapour flow for volume flow measurement from transducers that can serve as acoustic transmitters or receivers. In the development version, continuous real-time measurement of C3F8/C2F6 flow and calculation of the mixture ratio is performed within a graphical user interface developed in PVSS-II, the Supervisory, Control and Data Acquisition standard chosen for LHC and its experiments at CERN. The described instrument has numerous potential applications - including refrigerant leak detection, the analysis of hydrocarbons, vapour mixtures for semiconductor manufacture and anesthetic gas mixtures. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Data acquisition

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