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Heavy-quark production in p + p and energy loss and flow of heavy quarks in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

Physical Review C 2011年第4期84卷 044905-044905页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander A. Al-Jamel K. Aoki L. Aphecetche R. Armendariz S. H. Aronson J. Asai E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev G. Baksay L. Baksay A. Baldisseri K. N. Barish P. D. Barnes B. Bassalleck S. Bathe S. Batsouli V. Baublis F. Bauer A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Bennett Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley M. T. Bjorndal J. G. Boissevain H. Borel K. Boyle M. L. Brooks D. S. Brown D. Bucher H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce J. M. Burward-Hoy S. Butsyk S. Campbell J.-S. Chai B. S. Chang J.-L. Charvet S. Chernichenko J. Chiba C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi T. Chujo P. Chung A. Churyn V. Cianciolo C. R. Cleven Y. Cobigo B. A. Cole M. P. Comets P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms K. Das G. David M. B. Deaton K. Dehmelt H. Delagrange A. Denisov D. d'Enterria A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli J. L. Drachenberg O. Drapier A. Drees A. K. Dubey A. Durum V. Dzhordzhadze Y. V. Efremenko J. Egdemir F. Ellinghaus W. S. Emam A. Enokizono H. En'yo B. Espagnon S. Esumi K. O. Eyser D. E. Fields M. Finger, Jr. M. Finger F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin B. Forestier Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao S.-Y. Fung T. Fusayasu S. Gadrat I. Garishvili F. Gastineau M. Germain A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin J. Gosset Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson T. Hachiya A. Hadj Henni C. Haegemann J. S. Haggerty M. N. Hagiwara H. Hamagaki R. Han H. Harada E. P. Hartouni K. Haruna M. Harvey E. Haslum K. Hasuko R. Hayano M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. M. Heuser X. He H. Hiejima J. C. Hill R. Hobbs M. Hohlmann M. Holmes W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback M. G. Hur T. Ichihara H. Iinuma K. Imai M. Inaba Y. Inoue D. Isenhower L. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov B. V. Jacak J. Jia J. Jin O. Jinnouchi B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin M. Kaneta J. H. Kang H. Kanou T. Kawag University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Moscow Region 141980 Russia Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook SUNY New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes CNRS-IN2P3 Université de Nantes) BP 20722 F-44307 Nantes France Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA Dapnia CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad Region 188300 Russia Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Institut für Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany KAERI Cyclotron Application Laboratory Seoul Korea Yonsei University IPAP Seoul 120-749 Korea KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee

Transverse momentum spectra of electrons (pTe) from semileptonic weak decays of heavy-flavor mesons in the range of 0.3<pTe<9.0 GeV/c have been measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.35) by the PHENIX experiment at t... 详细信息

Transverse momentum spectra of electrons (pTe) from semileptonic weak decays of heavy-flavor mesons in the range of 0.3

关键词： QUARKS COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics) ANISOTROPY RADIOACTIVE decay PIONS SPECTRA

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ERRATUM: 'MULTI-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE FLARING GAMMA-RAY BLAZAR 3C 66A IN 2008 OCTOBER' (2011, ApJ, 726, 43)

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The Astrophysical Journal 2011年第1期731卷

作者： A. A. Abdo M. Ackermann M. Ajello L. Baldini J. Ballet G. Barbiellini D. Bastieri K. Bechtol R. Bellazzini B. Berenji R. D. Blandford E. Bonamente A. W. Borgland A. Bouvier J. Bregeon A. Brez M. Brigida P. Bruel R. Buehler S. Buson G. A. Caliandro R. A. Cameron P. A. Caraveo S. Carrigan J. M. Casandjian E. Cavazzuti C. Cecchi Ö. Çelik E. Charles A. Chekhtman C. C. Cheung J. Chiang S. Ciprini R. Claus J. Cohen-Tanugi J. Conrad L. Costamante S. Cutini D. S. Davis C.D. Dermer F. de Palma S. W. Digel E. do Couto e Silva P. S. Drell R. Dubois D. Dumora C. Favuzzi S. J. Fegan P. Fortin M. Frailis L. Fuhrmann Y. Fukazawa S. Funk P. Fusco F. Gargano D. Gasparrini N. Gehrels S. Germani N. Giglietto P. Giommi F. Giordano M. Giroletti T. Glanzman G. Godfrey I. A. Grenier J. E. Grove L. Guillemot S. Guiriec D. Hadasch M. Hayashida E. Hays D. Horan R. E. Hughes R. Itoh G. Jóhannesson A. S. Johnson T. J. Johnson W.N. Johnson T. Kamae H. Katagiri J. Kataoka J. Knödlseder M. Kuss J. Lande L. Latronico S.-H. Lee F. Longo F. Loparco B. Lott M. N. Lovellette P. Lubrano A. Makeev M. N. Mazziotta J.E. McEnery J. Mehault P. F. Michelson T. Mizuno A. A. Moiseev C. Monte M. E. Monzani A. Morselli I. V. Moskalenko S. Murgia T. Nakamori M. Naumann-Godo I. Nestoras P. L. Nolan J.P. Norris E. Nuss T. Ohsugi A. Okumura N. Omodei E. Orlando J. F. Ormes M. Ozaki D. Paneque J.H. Panetta D. Parent V. Pelassa M. Pepe M. Pesce-Rollins F. Piron T. A. Porter S. Rainò R. Rando M. Razzano A. Reimer O. Reimer L. C. Reyes J. Ripken S. Ritz R. W. Romani M. Roth H. F.-W. Sadrozinski D. Sanchez A. Sander J. D. Scargle C. Sgrò M. S. Shaw P. D. Smith G. Spandre P. Spinelli M. S. Strickman D.J. Suson H. Takahashi T. Tanaka J. B. Thayer J. G. Thayer D. J. Thompson L. Tibaldo D. F. Torres G. Tosti A. Tramacere T. L. Usher J. Vandenbroucke V. Vasileiou N. Vilchez V. Vitale A. P. Waite P. Wang B. L. Winer K. S. Wood Z. Yang T. Ylinen M. Ziegler ((The Fermi-LAT Collaboration)) V. A. Acciari E. Aliu T. Arlen T. Aune M. Beilicke W. Benbow M. Böttcher D. Boltuch S.M. Space Science Division Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375 USA National Research Council Research Associate National Academy of Sciences Washington DC 20001 USA W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Laboratoire AIM CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot Service d'Astrophysique CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette France Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova I-35131 Padova Italy Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei ' Università di Padova I-35131 Padova Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica 'M. Merlin' dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari I-70126 Bari Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bari 70126 Bari Italy Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet École polytechnique CNRS/IN2P3 Palaiseau France Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC-CSIC) Campus UAB 08193 Barcelona Spain INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica I-20133 Milano Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center I-00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology (CRESST) and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Department of Physics and Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 USA George Mason University Fairfax VA 22030 USA Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules Université Montpellier 2 CNRS/IN2P3 Montpellier

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Design and fabrication of nanoscale antireflection structures with linearly graded refractive index

Design and fabrication of nanoscale antireflection structure...

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2010 10th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology, NANO 2010

作者： Song, Young Min Jang, Sung Jun Choi, Hee Ju Yu, Jae Su Lee, Yong Tak Department of Information and Communications Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 1 Oryong-dong Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 1 Oryong-dong Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department of Electronic Engineering Kyung Hee University 1 Seocheon-dong Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 446-701 Korea Republic of Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 1 Oryong-dong Buk-gu Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781424470334

We demonstrate nanoscale antireflection structures on GaAs substrate with linearly graded effective refractive index using a lenslike shape transfer for broadband light-absorbing device application. From reflectance calculation of cone- and parabola-shaped subwavelength grating (SWG) structures, it is found that the parabola shaped structures has lower mean reflectance compared to that of the cone shaped structures over a wide wavelength range. The fabricated SWG structures with parabola shape show the reflectance of below 5 % in a 300-1200 nm wavelength range. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Reflection

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Front Cover: Catalyst-free growth of InN nanorods by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (Phys. Status Solidi A 1/2012)

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physica status solidi (a) 2011年第1期209卷

作者： Min Hwa Kim Dae Young Moon Jinsub Park Yasushi Nanishi Gyu-Chul Yi Euijoon Yoon Hybrid Materials Program (WCU) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 133-791 Korea Department of Photonics Ritsumeikan University Shiga 525-8577 Japan National Creative Research Initiative Center for Semiconductor Nanorods Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 151-747 Korea Euijoon Yoon Phone: +82 2 880 2651 Fax: +82 2 6008 3712 Department of Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Suwon 443-270 Korea Energy Semiconductor Research Center Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology Seoul National University Suwon 443-270 Korea Gyu-Chul Yi Phone: +82 2 880 7169 Fax: +82 2 884 3002

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Reconstruction and evaporation at graphene nanoribbon edges

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Physical Review B 2010年第19期81卷 195419-195419页

作者： Gun-Do Lee C. Z. Wang Euijoon Yoon Nong-Moon Hwang K. M. Ho Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Department of Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Suwon 433-270 Korea WCU Hybrid Materials Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea National Research Laboratory of Charged Nanoparticles Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea

The reconstruction and evaporation at graphene nanoribbon (GNR) edges are investigated by tight-binding molecular-dynamics simulations and ab initio calculations. It is observed that reconstruction through the formation of pentagon-heptagon pairs can take place quickly along the zigzag edge and it is energetically favorable. At very high temperatures, the armchair edge is found to change into a zigzag edge structure, which further accelerates the evaporation of carbon atoms and leads to the formation of carbon linear chains. The evaporation of carbon atoms from both the zigzag and armchair edges is preceded by the formation of heptagon rings, which serve as a gateway for carbon atoms to escape. In the simulation for a GNR armchair-zigzag-armchair junction, carbon atoms are evaporated row by row from the outermost row of the zigzag edge while the armchair edge remains nearly intact. These results can be applied to nanoelectronic devices fabrication through the temperature-controlled edge structure of GNR.

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Observation of a Centrality-Dependent Dijet Asymmetry in Lead-Lead Collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC

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Physical Review Letters 2010年第25期105卷 252303-252303页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott J. Abdallah A. A. Abdelalim A. Abdesselam O. Abdinov B. Abi M. Abolins H. Abramowicz H. Abreu E. Acerbi B. S. Acharya M. Ackers D. L. Adams T. N. Addy J. Adelman M. Aderholz S. Adomeit P. Adragna T. Adye S. Aefsky J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra M. Aharrouche S. P. Ahlen F. Ahles A. Ahmad M. Ahsan G. Aielli T. Akdogan T. P. A. Åkesson G. Akimoto A. V. Akimov M. S. Alam M. A. Alam S. Albrand M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov M. Aleppo F. Alessandria C. Alexa G. Alexander G. Alexandre T. Alexopoulos M. Alhroob M. Aliev G. Alimonti J. Alison M. Aliyev P. P. Allport S. E. Allwood-Spiers J. Almond A. Aloisio R. Alon A. Alonso J. Alonso M. G. Alviggi K. Amako P. Amaral C. Amelung V. V. Ammosov A. Amorim G. Amorós N. Amram C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen C. F. Anders K. J. Anderson A. Andreazza V. Andrei M-L. Andrieux X. S. Anduaga A. Angerami F. Anghinolfi N. Anjos A. Annovi A. Antonaki M. Antonelli S. Antonelli J. Antos F. Anulli S. Aoun L. Aperio Bella R. Apolle G. Arabidze I. Aracena Y. Arai A. T. H. Arce J. P. Archambault S. Arfaoui J-F. Arguin E. Arik M. Arik A. J. Armbruster K. E. Arms S. R. Armstrong O. Arnaez C. Arnault A. Artamonov G. Artoni D. Arutinov S. Asai J. Silva R. Asfandiyarov S. Ask B. Åsman L. Asquith K. Assamagan A. Astbury A. Astvatsatourov G. Atoian B. Aubert B. Auerbach E. Auge K. Augsten M. Aurousseau N. Austin R. Avramidou D. Axen C. Ay G. Azuelos Y. Azuma M. A. Baak G. Baccaglioni C. Bacci A. M. Bach H. Bachacou K. Bachas G. Bachy M. Backes E. Badescu P. Bagnaia S. Bahinipati Y. Bai D. C. Bailey T. Bain J. T. Baines O. K. Baker S Baker F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa E. Banas P. Banerjee Sw. Banerjee D. Banfi A. Bangert V. Bansal H. S. Bansil L. Barak S. P. Baranov A. Barashkou A. Barbaro Galtieri T. Barber E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero D. Y. Bardin T. Barillari M. Barisonzi T. Barklow N. Barlow B. M. Barnett R. M. Barnett A. Baroncelli A. J. Barr F. Barreiro J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa P. Barrillon R. Bartoldus A. E. Barton D. Bartsch R. L. Bates L. Batkova J. R. Batley A. Battaglia M. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik Hermann-Herder Strasse 3 D-79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany University of Oklahoma Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy 440 West Brooks Room 100 Norman Oklahoma 73019-0225 USA Institut de Física d’Altes Energies IFAE Edifici Cn Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona ES-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain Université de Genève Section de Physique 24 rue Ernest Ansermet CH-1211 Geneve 4 Switzerland Oxford University Department of Physics Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road Oxford OX1 3RH United Kingdom Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences H. Javid Avenue 33 AZ 143 Baku Azerbaijan Oklahoma State University Department of Physics 145 Physical Sciences Building Stillwater Oklahoma 74078-3072 USA Michigan State University Department of Physics and Astronomy High Energy Physics Group East Lansing Michigan 48824-2320 USA Tel Aviv University Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Ramat Aviv IL - Tel Aviv 69978 Israel LAL Université Paris-Sud IN2P3/CNRS Orsay France INFN Sezione di Milano via Celoria 16 IT-20133 Milano Italy Università di Milano Dipartimento di Fisica via Celoria 16 IT-20133 Milano Italy INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Strada Costiera 11 IT-33100 Udine Italy ICTP Strada Costiera 11 IT-34014 Trieste Italy University of Bonn Physikalisches Institut Nussallee 12 D-53115 Bonn Germany Brookhaven National Laboratory Physics Department Building 510A Upton New York 11973 USA Hampton University Department of Physics Hampton Virginia 23668 USA Yale University Department of Physics P.O. Box 208121 New Haven Connecticut 06520-8121 USA Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) Föhringer Ring 6 80805 München Germany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Fakultät für Physik Am Coulombwall 1 DE-85748 Garching Germany Queen Mary University of London Department of Physics Mile End Road London E1 4NS United Kingdom Ruther

By using the ATLAS detector, observations have been made of a centrality-dependent dijet asymmetry in the collisions of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider. In a sample of lead-lead events with a per-nucleon center of mass energy of 2.76 TeV, selected with a minimum bias trigger, jets are reconstructed in fine-grained, longitudinally segmented electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters. The transverse energies of dijets in opposite hemispheres are observed to become systematically more unbalanced with increasing event centrality leading to a large number of events which contain highly asymmetric dijets. This is the first observation of an enhancement of events with such large dijet asymmetries, not observed in proton-proton collisions, which may point to an interpretation in terms of strong jet energy loss in a hot, dense medium.

关键词： Energy dissipation

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Understanding possible electromagnetic counterparts to loud gravitational wave events: Binary black hole effects on electromagnetic fields

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Physical Review D 2010年第8期81卷 084007-084007页

作者： Carlos Palenzuela Luis Lehner Shin Yoshida Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA) Toronto Ontario M5S 3H8 Canada Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik Albert-Einstein-Institut Berlin D-14476 Golm Germany Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo Ontario N2L 2Y5 Canada Department of Physics University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada Canadian Institute For Advanced Research (CIFAR) Cosmology and Gravity Program Canada Department of Earth Science and Astronomy Graduate School of Arts and Sciences University of Tokyo Meguro Tokyo 153-8902 Japan

In addition to producing loud gravitational waves, the dynamics of a binary black hole system could induce emission of electromagnetic radiation by affecting the behavior of plasmas and electromagnetic fields in their vicinity. We study how the electromagnetic fields are affected by a pair of orbiting black holes through the merger. In particular, we show how the binary’s dynamics induce a variability in possible electromagnetically induced emissions as well as an enhancement of electromagnetic fields during the late-merge and merger epochs. These time dependent features will likely leave their imprint in processes generating detectable emissions and can be exploited in the detection of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves.

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T-shaped plasmonic array as a narrow-band thermal emitter or biosensor

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Optics Express 2009年第16期17卷 13526-13531页

作者： Wang, Chih-Ming Chang, Yia-Chung Abbas, Mohammed Nadhim Shih, Ming-Hsiung Tsai, Din Ping Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Institute of Physics and Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science NTHU Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan

A T-shaped plasmonic array is proposed for application as an effective thermal emitter or biosensor. The reflection and thermal radiation properties of a T-shaped array are investigated theoretically. The angular dependent reflectance spectrum shows a clear resonant dip at 0.36eV for full polar angles. No other significant localized resonant mode is found in the investigated spectral range from 0.12eV to 0.64eV. According to the Kirchhoff s law, the thermal radiation of the proposed structure can lead to a sharp peak at 3.5 νm with low sideband emission. We have also found that the T-shaped structure filled with organic material such as PMMA with different thicknesses (10 nm -50 nm) can lead to significant shift of the resonance wavelength. Thus, the T-shaped structure can also be used as a good sensor for organic materials. © 2009 Optical Society of America.

关键词： Heat radiation

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Low-temperature magnetic properties and high-temperature diffusive behavior of LiNiO2 investigated by muon-spin spectroscopy

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Physical Review B 2010年第22期82卷 224412-224412页

作者： Jun Sugiyama Yutaka Ikedo Kazuhiko Mukai Hiroshi Nozaki Martin Månsson Oren Ofer Masashi Harada Kazuya Kamazawa Yasuhiro Miyake Jess H. Brewer Eduardo J. Ansaldo Kim H. Chow Isao Watanabe Tsutomu Ohzuku Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc. Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan Muon Science Laboratory Institute of Materials Structure Science KEK 1-1 Oho Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Laboratory for Neutron Scattering ETH Zürich and Paul Scherrer Institut CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 2A3 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1 Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2G7 Muon Science Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka City University Osaka 558-8585 Japan

In order to elucidate the effect of Ni ions in the Li layer on magnetism and Li diffusion of LiNiO2, we have measured muon-spin rotation and muon-spin relaxation (μ+SR) spectra for the polycrystalline Li1−xNi1+xO2 samples with x=0.02, 0.03, and 0.15. Weak transverse-field-μ+SR measurements demonstrated the existence of a bulk ferromagnetic transition at Tm=48(6) K for the x=0.03 sample and 161(7) K for x=0.15 while the x=0.02 sample exhibited an antiferromagnetic transition at 18(4) K. Zero-magnetic-field-(ZF) μ+SR measurements below Tm clarified the formation of static ferromagnetic (FM) order for the x=0.03 and 0.15 samples but only a highly disordered antiferromagnetic (AF) order for the x=0.02 sample. Therefore, the variation in the low-T magnetism with x is most unlikely due to the change in the concentration of an AF NiO-type domain or an FM Ni-rich cluster but likely due to a homogeneous change in the whole system. In the paramagnetic state, ZF- and longitudinal-field-μ+SR spectra exhibited a dynamic nuclear field relaxation. From the temperature dependence of the field fluctuation rate, a diffusion coefficient of Li+ ions (DLi) at 300 K was estimated about 0.39(3)×10−11 cm2/s for the x=0.02 sample and 0.12(7)×10−11 cm2/s for x=0.15. On the other hand, the related compound, LiCrO2, did not show any diffusive behavior even at the highest temperature measured (=475 K). Considering the hindrance of diffusion by Ni in the Li+ diffusion plane and the fact that LiCrO2 is electrochemically inactive, the estimated DLi is thought to be very reasonable for the positive electrode material of Li-ion batteries. Furthermore, at low temperatures where the Li+ ions are static, the internal magnetic field was still found to be fluctuating, due to a dynamic local Jahn-Teller distortion of the Ni3+ ions in a low-spin state with S=1/2(t2g6eg1).

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Single molecule tug-of-war and confinment-induced entropic recoiling of DNA in nanoslits

Single molecule tug-of-war and confinment-induced entropic r...

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13th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2009

作者： Yeh, Jia-Wei Taloni, Alessandro Shen, Jie-Pan Chen, Yeng-Long Chou, Chia-Fu Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Physics Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Applied Sciences Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Genomics Research Center Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780979806421

Single DNA molecules confined in micro- and nanochannels have been studied for its tug-of-war behavior and confinement-induced entropic recoiling under different nanoslit lengths (2, 3, 4, 10, and 20 μm) and 50 nm in depth. From a scaling analysis, we confirmed that the entropic force is independent of polymer length inside the nanoslit. We present a model for stretched-recoiling process at the micronano interface. For DNA retracting process, the force over drag coefficient per unit length f/ρ was found to be 13.4±0.6 μm2/sec. © 2009 CBMS.

关键词： DNA

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