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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aoki, Y. Attié, D. Behnke, T. Bellerive, A. Bezshyyko, O. Bhattacharya, D.S. Bhattacharya, P. Bhattacharya, S. Chang, Y. Colas, P. De Lentdecker, G. Dehmelt, K. Desch, K. Diener, Ralf Dixit, M. Einhaus, U. Fedorchuk, O. Fleck, I. Fujii, K. Fusayasu, T. Ganjour, S. Gros, P. Hayman, P. Ikematsu, K. Jönsson, L. Kaminski, J. Kato, Y. Kleinwort, C. Kluit, P.M. Kobayashi, M. Krämer, U. Lundberg, B. Lupberger, M. Majumdar, N. Malek, P. Matsuda, T. Mjörnmark, U. Mukhopadhyay, S. Müller, F. Münnich, A. Nakajima, J. Narita, S. Negishi, K. Ogawa, T. Oskarsson, A. Österman, L. Peterson, D. Qi, H. Riallot, M. Rosemann, C. Roth, S. Schade, P. Schäfer, O. Settles, R.D. Shirazi, A.N. Shoji, A. Smirnova, O. Sugiyama, A. Takahashi, T. Timmermans, J. Titov, M. Tsionou, D. Vauth, A. Watanabe, T. Werthenbach, U. Wu, M. Yang, Y. Yonamine, R. Yuan, Z. Yumino, K. Zhang, F. Carleton University Department of Physics 1125 Colonel By Drive OttawaONK1S 5B6 Canada Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France IthacaNY14853 United States Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr. 85 Hamburg22607 Germany Hiroshima University Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8530 Japan Pleinlaan 2 Brussels1050 Belgium Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 19B Yuquan Road Shijingshan District Beijing100049 China Iwate University 3-18-8 Ueda Morioka Iwate020-8550 Japan 1-1 Oho Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Hubei University of Technology 28 Nanli Road Hong-shan District Wuchang Hubei Province Wuhan430068 China Kindai University Department of Physics 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashi-Osaka Osaka577-8502 Japan Kogakuin University Laboratory for High Energy Physics 2665-1 Nakano-machi Hachioji Tokyo192-0015 Japan Lund University Department of Physics Div. of Particle Physics Box 117 Lund221 00 Sweden Föhringer Ring 6 Munich80805 Germany P.O. Box 41882 Amsterdam1009 DB Netherlands RWTH Aachen University Department of Physics Institute III B Otto-Blumenthal-Str. Aachen52074 Germany Saga University Department of Physics 1 Honjo-machi Saga840-8502 Japan Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Applied Nuclear Physics Division 1/AF Sector 1 Bidhan Nagar Kolkata700064 India Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 64/13 Volodymyrska Street Kyiv01601 Ukraine TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall VancouverBCV6T 2A3 Canada University of Bonn Physikalisches Institut Nußallee 12 Bonn53115 Germany University of Hamburg Department of Physics Institute of Experimental Physics Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg22761 Germany University of Siegen Department of Physics Emmy Noether Campus Walter-Flex Str. 3 Siegen57068 Germany Adamas University Department of Physics Adamas Knowledge City Barasat-Barrackpore Road 24 Parganas North Kolkata700126 India European XFE

A time projection chamber (TPC) with micropattern gaseous detector (MPGD) readout is investigated as main tracking device of the International Large Detector (ILD) concept at the planned International Linear Collider (ILC). A prototype TPC equipped with a triple gas electron multiplier (GEM) readout has been built and operated in an electron test beam. The TPC was placed in a 1 T solenoidal field at the DESY II Test Beam Facility, which provides an electron beam up to 6 GeV/c. The performance of the readout modules, in particular the spatial point resolution, is determined and compared to earlier tests. New studies are presented with first results on the separation of close-by tracks and the capability of the system to measure the specific energy loss dE/dx. This is complemented by a simulation study on the optimization of the readout granularity to improve particle identification by dE/dx. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Energy dissipation

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Time-dependent modelling of short-term variability in the TeV-blazar VER J0521+211 during the major flare in 2020

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Abe, S. Abhir, J. Abhishek, A. Acciari, V.A. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babić, A. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Bautista, A. Baxter, J. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Bronzini, E. Burelli, I. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Cifuentes, A. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. de Menezes, R. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Di Pierro, F. Di Tria, R. Di Venere, L. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsaesser, D. Escudero, J. Fariña, L. Fattorini, A. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fröse, S. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giesbrecht Paiva, J.G. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Gradetzke, T. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Günther, P. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera Llorente, J. Hrupec, D. Imazawa, R. Ishio, K. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Kankkunen, S. Kayanoki, T. Kerszberg, D. Kluge, G.W. Kobayashi, Y. Kouch, P.M. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Láinez, M. Lamastra, A. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Lyard, E. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Manganaro, M. Mangano, S. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Martínez-Chicharro, M. Mas-Aguilar, A. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. Molero González, M. Molina, E. Mondal, H.A. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Nakamori, T. Nanci, C. Neustroev, V. Nickel, L. Nievas Rosillo, M. Nigro, C. Nikolić, L. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Njoh Ekoume, T. Noda, K. The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Università di Siena INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik GarchingD-85748 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Zagreb10000 Croatia URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Norway INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Armenian MAGIC Group: ICRANet-Armenia Yerevan0019 Armenia Croatian MAGIC Group Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Physics Osijek31000 Croatia Finnish MAGIC Group Finnish Centr

The BL Lacertae object VER J0521+211 underwent a notable flaring episode in February 2020. A short-term monitoring campaign, led by the MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) collaboration, covering a wide energy range from radio to very-high-energy (VHE, 100 GeV 100 TeV). While the photon component, generated via decay of neutral pions, is not directly observable as it is subject to intense pair production (and therefore extinction) through interactions with the cosmic microwave background photons, neutrino detectors (e.g. IceCube) can probe the predicted neutrino component. Finally, the analysis of the gamma-ray spectra, as observed by MAGIC and the Fermi-LAT telescopes, yielded a conservative 95% confidence upper limit of z ≤ 0.244 for the redshift of this blazar. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photons

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Multiplicity-dependent jet modification from di-hadron correlations in pp collisions at = 13 TeV

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Journal of High Energy physics 2025年第3期2025卷 1-32页

作者： Acharya, S. Agarwal, A. Aglieri Rinella, G. Aglietta, L. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S. U. Ahuja, I. Akindinov, A. Akishina, V. Al-Turany, M. Aleksandrov, D. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H. M. Alfaro Molina, R. Ali, B. Alici, A. Alizadehvandchali, N. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alocco, G. Alt, T. Altamura, A. R. Altsybeev, I. Alvarado, J. R. Alvarez, C. O. R. Anaam, M. N. Andrei, C. Andreou, N. Andronic, A. Andronov, E. Anguelov, V. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arata, C. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, R. Arneiro, J. G. M. C. A. Arsene, I. C. Arslandok, M. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, R. Averyanov, D. Azmi, M. D. Baba, H. Badalà, A. Bae, J. Baek, Y. W. Bai, X. Bailhache, R. Bailung, Y. Bala, R. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, A. Balis, B. Banoo, Z. Barbasova, V. Barile, F. Barioglio, L. Barlou, M. Barman, B. Barnaföldi, G. G. Barnby, L. S. Barreau, E. Barret, V. Barreto, L. Bartels, C. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Battistini, D. Batyunya, B. Bauri, D. Bazo Alba, J. L. Bearden, I. G. Beattie, C. Becht, P. Behera, D. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, R. Belokurova, S. Beltran, L. G. E. Beltran, Y. A. V. Bencedi, G. Bensaoula, A. Beole, S. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikova, A. Bergmann, L. Besoiu, M. G. Betev, L. Bhaduri, P. P. Bhasin, A. Bhattacharjee, B. Bianchi, L. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Bigot, A. P. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, S. Bize, N. Blair, J. T. Blau, D. Blidaru, M. B. Bluhme, N. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bodova, T. Bok, J. Boldizsár, L. Bombara, M. Bond, P. M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Borquez Carcamo, A. G. Botta, E. Bouziani, Y. E. M. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Bruno, G. E. Buchakchiev, V. D. Buckland, M. D. Budnikov, D. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Buhler, P. Burmasov, N. Buthelezi, Z. Bylinkin, A. Bysiak, S. A. Cabanillas Noris, J. C. Cabrera, M. F. T. Cai, M. Caines, H. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camacho, J. M. M. Camerini, P. Canedo, F. D. M. Cantway, S. L. Carabas, M. Carballo, A. A. Car Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico University of Houston Houston United States Sungkyunkwan University Suwon City Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy Physik Department Technische Universität München Munich Germany High Energy Physics Group Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley United States SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNRS-IN2P3 Nantes France Laboratoire

Short-range correlations between charged particles are studied via two-particle angular correlations in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV. The correlation functions are measured as a function of the relative azimuthal angle ∆φ and the pseudorapidity separation ∆η for pairs of primary charged particles within the pseudorapidity interval |η| < 0.9 and the transverse-momentum range 1 < pT < 8 GeV/c. Near-side (|∆φ| < 1.3) peak widths are extracted from a generalised Gaussian fitted over the correlations in full pseudorapidity separation (|∆η| < 1.8), while the per-trigger associated near-side yields are extracted for the short-range correlations (|∆η| < 1.3). Both are evaluated as a function of charged-particle multiplicity obtained by two different event activity estimators. The width of the near-side peak decreases with increasing multiplicity, and this trend is reproduced qualitatively by the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA 8, AMPT, and EPOS. However, the models overestimate the width in the low transverse-momentum region (pT < 3 GeV/c). The per-trigger associated near-side yield increases with increasing multiplicity. Although this trend is also captured qualitatively by the considered event generators, the yield is mostly overestimated by the models in the considered kinematic range. The measurement of the shape and yield of the short-range correlation peak can help us understand the interplay between jet fragmentation and event activity, quantify the narrowing trend of the near-side peak as a function of transverse momentum and multiplicity selections in pp collisions, and search for final-state jet modification in small collision systems.

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Possible Systematic Rotation in the Mature Stellar Population of a z = 9.1 Galaxy

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tokuoka, Tsuyoshi Inoue, Akio K. Hashimoto, Takuya Ellis, Richard S. Laporte, Nicolas Sugahara, Yuma Matsuo, Hiroshi Tamura, Yoichi Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Moriwaki, Kana Roberts-Borsani, Guido Shimizu, Ikkoh Yamanaka, Satoshi Yoshida, Naoki Zackrisson, Erik Zheng, Wei Department of Pure and Applied Physics Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Department of Physics & Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge 19 JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Aichi4648602 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Los Angeles 430 Portola Plaza Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Literature Shikoku Gakuin University 3-2-1 Bunkyocho Kagawa Zentsuji765-8505 Japan General Education Department National Institute of Technology Toba College 1-1 Ikegami-cho Mie Toba517-8501 Japan UT Institutes for Advanced Study The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Institute for Physics of Intelligence School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Observational Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Box 516 UppsalaSE-751 20 Sweden Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States

We present new observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array for a gravitationally-lensed galaxy at z = 9.1, MACS1149-JD1. [O iii] 88-µm emission is detected at 10σ with a spatial resolution of ∼ 0.3 kpc in the source plane, enabling the most distant morpho-kinematic study of a galaxy. The [O iii] emission is distributed smoothly without any resolved clumps and shows a clear velocity gradient with ∆Vobs/2σtot = 0.84 ± 0.23, where ∆Vobs is the observed maximum velocity difference and σtot is the velocity dispersion measured in the spatially-integrated line profile, suggesting a rotating system. Assuming a geometrically thin self-gravitating rotation disk model, we obtain (Equation presented), where Vrot and σV are the rotation velocity and velocity dispersion, respectively, still consistent with rotation. The resulting disk mass of (Equation presented) M☉ is consistent with being associated with the stellar mass identified with a 300 Myr-old stellar population independently indicated by a Balmer break in the spectral energy distribution. We conclude that the most of the dynamical mass is associated with the previously-identified mature stellar population that formed at z ∼ 15. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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The ALMA-QUARKS survey: Detection of two extremely dense substructures in a massive prestellar core

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mai, Xiaofeng Liu, Tie Liu, Xunchuan Zhu, Lei Garay, Guido Goldsmith, Paul F. Juvela, Mika Liu, Hongli Mannfors, Emma Tej, Anandmayee Sanhueza, Patricio Li, Shanghuo Xu, Fengwei Semadeni, Enrique Vazquez Jiao, Wenyu Peng, Yaping Baug, T. Yang, Aiyuan Dewangan, Lokesh Bronfman, Leonardo Gómez, Gilberto C. Palau, Aina Lee, Chang Won Qin, Sheng-Li Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Chibueze, James O. Yang, Dongting Lu, Xing Luo, Qiuyi Gu, Qilao Issac, Namitha Zhang, Suinan Li, Pak-Shing Zhang, Bo Tóth, L. Viktor Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200030 China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19A Yuquan Road Beijing100049 China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Las Condes Santiago7591245 Chile Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Physics University of Helsinki P.O. box 64 FI-00014 Finland Department of Astronomy Yunnan University Kunming650091 China Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram695 547 India National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University 5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian District Beijing100871 China Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701 Ex-Hda. San José de la Huerta Michoacán Morelia58089 Mexico Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Physics Faculty of Science Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Block JD Sector III Salt Lake Kolkata700106 India National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing100101 China Physical Research Laboratory Navrangpura Ahmedabad380009 India Departamento de Astronomá Universidad de Chile Las Condes Santiago7591245 Chile Korea Astronomy and Space Scien

Only a handful of massive starless core candidates have been discovered so far, but none of them have been fully confirmed. Within the MM1 clump in the filamentary infrared dark cloud G34.43+0.24 that was covered by the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3 (∼ 2'', 6000 au) and the ALMA-QUARKS survey at Band 6 (∼ 0.3'', 900 au), two prestellar core candidates MM1-C and E1 with masses of 71 and 20 Mo and radii of 2100-4400 au were discovered. The two cores show no obvious sign of star-formation activities. In particular, MM1-C is a very promising massive prestellar core candidate with a total gas mass of 71 Mo. Within MM1-C, we detected two extremely dense substructures, C1 and C2, as characterized by their high densities of nH2 ∼ 108-9cm-3. Moreover, evidence of further fragmentation in C2 was also revealed. We have detected the primordial fragmentation in the earliest stage of massive star formation, and we speculate that MM1-C would be the birthplace of a massive multiple system. However, we cannot fully rule out the possibility that the massive prestellar core MM1-C will just form a cluster of low-mass stars if it undergoes further fragmentation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Circuit quantization in the presence of time-dependent external flux

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Physical Review B 2019年第17期99卷 174512-174512页

作者： Xinyuan You J. A. Sauls Jens Koch Northwestern–Fermilab Center for Applied Physics and Superconducting Technologies Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Circuit quantization links a physical circuit to its corresponding quantum Hamiltonian. The standard quantization procedure generally assumes any external magnetic flux to be static. Time dependence naturally arises, however, when flux is modulated or when flux noise is considered. In this case, application of the existing quantization procedure can lead to inconsistencies. To resolve these, we generalize circuit quantization to incorporate time-dependent external flux.

关键词： Quantum information with solid state qubits Josephson junctions SQUID Superconducting qubits

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Development of a Selective Wet-Chemical Etchant for 3D Structuring of Silicon via Nonlinear Laser Lithography

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Borra, Mona Zolfaghari Radfar, Behrad Nasser, Hisham Çolakoğlu, Tahir Tokel, Onur Turnalı, Ahmet Demirtaş, Merve Ustunel, Hande Toffoli, Daniele Ömer İlday, F. Turan, Raşit Pavlov, Ihor Bek, Alpan ODTÜ-GÜNAM Middle East Technical University Ankara06800 Turkey Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto University Tietotie 3 EspooFI-02150 Finland Department of Physics Engineering Ankara University Ankara06100 Turkey Department of Physics Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey UNAM National Nanotechnology Research Center Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University 8 Saint Mary’s Street BostonMA02215 United States Ankara06800 Turkey Network Technologies Department TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trieste University Trieste Italy IOM-CNR Istituto Officina dei Materiali Trieste34149 Italy Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program of Natural and Applied Sciences Middle East Technical Turkey

Recently-demonstrated high-quality three-dimensional (3D) subsurface laser processing inside crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers opens a door to a wide range of novel applications in multidisciplinary research areas. Using this technique, a novel maskless micro-pillars with precise control on the surface reflection and coverage are successfully fabricated by etching the laser processed region of c-Si wafer. To achieve this, a particular selective wet chemical etching is developed to follow subsurface laser processing of c-Si to reveal the desired 3D structures with smooth surfaces. Here, we report the development of a novel chromium-free chemical etching recipe based on copper nitrate, which yields substantially smooth surfaces at high etch rate and selectivity on the both laser-processed Si surface and subsurface, i.e., without significant etching of the unmodified Si. Our results show that the etch rate and surface morphology are interrelated and strongly influenced by the composition of the adopted etching solution. After an extensive compositional study performed at room temperature, we identify an etchant with a selectivity of over 1600 times for laser-modified Si with respect to unmodified Si. We also support our findings using density functional theory calculations of HF and Cu adsorption energies, indicating significant diversity on the c-Si and laser-modified surfaces. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Morphology

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Transverse single-spin asymmetry of midrapidity π0 and η mesons in p+Au and p+Al collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review D 2023年第11期107卷 112004-112004页

作者： N. J. Abdulameer U. Acharya C. Aidala Y. Akiba M. Alfred V. Andrieux N. Apadula H. Asano B. Azmoun V. Babintsev N. S. Bandara K. N. Barish S. Bathe A. Bazilevsky M. Beaumier R. Belmont A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov L. Bichon B. Blankenship D. S. Blau J. S. Bok V. Borisov M. L. Brooks J. Bryslawskyj V. Bumazhnov S. Campbell V. Canoa Roman R. Cervantes M. Chiu C. Y. Chi I. J. Choi J. B. Choi Z. Citron M. Connors R. Corliss Y. Corrales Morales N. Cronin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. W. Danley M. S. Daugherity G. David C. T. Dean K. DeBlasio K. Dehmelt A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond A. Dion D. Dixit V. Doomra J. H. Do A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum H. En’yo A. Enokizono R. Esha B. Fadem W. Fan N. Feege D. E. Fields M. Finger, Jr. M. Finger D. Firak D. Fitzgerald S. L. Fokin J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley Y. Fukuda P. Gallus C. Gal P. Garg H. Ge M. Giles F. Giordano Y. Goto N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H. Guragain T. Hachiya J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki H. F. Hamilton J. Hanks S. Y. Han M. Harvey S. Hasegawa T. O. S. Haseler T. K. Hemmick X. He J. C. Hill K. Hill A. Hodges R. S. Hollis K. Homma B. Hong T. Hoshino N. Hotvedt J. Huang K. Imai M. Inaba A. Iordanova D. Isenhower D. Ivanishchev B. V. Jacak M. Jezghani X. Jiang Z. Ji B. M. Johnson D. Jouan D. S. Jumper J. H. Kang D. Kapukchyan S. Karthas D. Kawall A. V. Kazantsev V. Khachatryan A. Khanzadeev A. Khatiwada C. Kim E.-J. Kim M. Kim T. Kim D. Kincses A. Kingan E. Kistenev J. Klatsky P. Kline T. Koblesky D. Kotov L. Kovacs S. Kudo B. Kurgyis K. Kurita Y. Kwon J. G. Lajoie D. Larionova A. Lebedev S. Lee S. H. Lee M. J. Leitch Y. H. Leung N. A. Lewis S. H. Lim M. X. Liu X. Li V.-R. Loggins D. A. Loomis K. Lovasz D. Lynch S. Lökös T. Majoros Y. I. Makdisi M. Makek V. I. Manko E. Mannel M. McCumber P. L. McGaughey D. McGlinchey C. McKinney M. Mendoza A. C. Mignerey A. Milov D. K. Mishra J. T. Mitchell M. Mitrankova Iu. Mitrankov G. Mitsuka S. Miyasaka S. Mizuno M. M. Mondal P. Montuenga T. Moon D. P. Morrison A. Muhammad B. Debrecen University H-4010 Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 Hungary Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30303 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Howard University Washington DC 20059 USA Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Physics and Astronomy Department University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro North Carolina 27412 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123098 Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow 115409 Russia New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3800 USA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Korea Weizmann Institute Rehovot 76100 Israel ELTE Eötvös Loránd University H-1117 Budapest Pázmány P. s. 1/A Hungary MATE Laboratory of

Presented are the first measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetries (AN) for neutral pions and eta mesons in p+Au and p+Al collisions at sNN=200 GeV in the pseudorapidity range |η|<0.35 with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The asymmetries are consistent with zero, similar to those for midrapidity neutral pions and eta mesons produced in p+p collisions. These measurements show no evidence of additional effects that could potentially arise from the more complex partonic environment present in proton-nucleus collisions.

关键词： Beam polarization Hadron-hadron interactions Polarization phenomena Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Mesons Pions Polarization Spin

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Transverse single-spin asymmetry of charged hadrons at forward and backward rapidity in polarized p+p, p+Al, and p+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review D 2023年第7期108卷 072016-072016页

Reported here are transverse single-spin asymmetries (AN) in the production of charged hadrons as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and Feynman-x (xF) in polarized p↑+p, p↑+Al, and p↑+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. The measurements have been performed at forward and backward rapidity (1.4<|η|<2.4) over the range of 1.5 GeV/c0) in p↑+p collisions, whereas the p↑+Al and p↑+Au results show smaller asymmetries. This finding provides new opportunities to investigate the origin of transverse single-spin asymmetries and a tool to study nuclear effects in p+A collisions.

关键词： Beam polarization Hadron-hadron interactions Polarization phenomena Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Hadrons Spin

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Cellular organization in lab-evolved and extant multicellular species obeys a maximum entropy law

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Day, Thomas C. Höhn, Stephanie S. Zamani-Dahaj, Seyed A. Yanni, David Burnetti, Anthony Pentz, Jennifer Honerkamp-Smith, Aurelia R. Wioland, Hugo Sleath, Hannah R. Ratcliff, William C. Goldstein, Raymond E. Yunker, Peter J. School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics Centre for Mathematical Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States Quantitative Biosciences Graduate Program Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States Department of Molecular Biology Umeå University Umeå Sweden

The prevalence of multicellular organisms is due in part to their ability to form complex structures. How cells pack in these structures is a fundamental biophysical issue, underlying their functional properties. However, much remains unknown about how cell packing geometries arise, and how they are affected by random noise during growth - especially absent developmental programs. Here, we quantify the statistics of cellular neighborhoods of two different multicellular eukaryotes: lab-evolved "snowflake" yeast and the green alga Volvox carteri. We find that despite large differences in cellular organization, the free space associated with individual cells in both organisms closely fits a modified gamma distribution, consistent with maximum entropy predictions originally developed for granular materials. This 'entropic' cellular packing ensures a degree of predictability despite noise, facilitating parent-offspring fidelity even in the absence of developmental regulation. Together with simulations of diverse growth morphologies, these results suggest that gamma-distributed cell neighborhood sizes are a general feature of multicellularity, arising from conserved statistics of cellular packing. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Cytology

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