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Multi-wavelength analysis of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Pirola, G. Juryšek, J. Balbo, M. Eckert, D. Tramacere, A. Walter, R. Abe, K. Abe, S. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Crespo, N. Alvarez Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Arbet-Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Larriva, A. Baquero Baroncelli, L. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Baxter, J. González, J. Becerra Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M.I. Medrano, J. Bernete Berti, A. Bhattacharjee, P. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Bissaldi, E. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Burmistrov, L. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Carrasco, M.S. Cassol, F. Cauz, D. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chiavassa, A. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Cifuentes, A. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. De Lotto, B. De Lucia, M. de Menezes, R. Del Peral, L. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Mengual, J. Delgado della Volpe, D. Dellaiera, M. Di Piano, A. Di Pierro, F. Di Pilato, A. Di Tria, R. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Prester, D. Dominis Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Ramazani, V. Fallah Ferrara, G. Ferrarotto, F. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Coromina, L. Freixas Fröse, S. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. López, R. Garcia Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Geyer, D. Paiva, J. Giesbrecht Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Grau, R. Green, J. Green, D. Gunji, S. Günther, P. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hashiyama, K. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Llorente, J. Herrera Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Iarlori, M. Imazawa, R. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Ioka, K. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Martinez, I. Jimenez Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kohri, K. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lainez, M. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Linhoff, M. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Föhringer Ring 6 München80805 Germany FZU - Institute of Physics the Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 1999/2 182 00 Prague 8 Czech Republic Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Chemin d’Ecogia 16 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland Department of Physics Tokai University Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Spain EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan Universidad del Azuay Ecuador INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain CIEMAT Spain Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Italy INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire Switzerland INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic University of Alcalá UAH Spain Port d’Informació Científica Spain University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Wür

LHAASO J2108+5157 is a recently discovered source, detected in the Ultra-High-Energy band by the LHAASO collaboration. Two molecular clouds were identified in the direction coincident with LHAASO J2108+5157 and, from the spectra reported by LHAASO, there is no sign of an energy cutoff up to 200 TeV. This source makes a promising galactic PeVatron candidate. In 2021, the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Observatory, collected about 50 hours of quality-selected data on LHAASO J2108+5157. Through these observations, we managed to compute stringent upper limits on the source emission in the multi-TeV band. Together with the analysis of XMM-Newton data and 12 years of Fermi-LAT data, we performed a multi-wavelength study of the source, investigating different possible scenarios of particle acceleration. In this contribution, we will present the results of the analysis, as well as the multi-wavelength modeling, and consequent interpretation of different possible scenarios of emission. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Telescopes

Charge-Sign Dependent Cosmic-Ray Modulation Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第21期130卷 211001-211001页

作者： O. Adriani Y. Akaike K. Asano Y. Asaoka E. Berti G. Bigongiari W. R. Binns M. Bongi P. Brogi A. Bruno J. H. Buckley N. Cannady G. Castellini C. Checchia M. L. Cherry G. Collazuol G. A. de Nolfo K. Ebisawa A. W. Ficklin H. Fuke S. Gonzi T. G. Guzik T. Hams K. Hibino M. Ichimura K. Ioka W. Ishizaki M. H. Israel K. Kasahara J. Kataoka R. Kataoka Y. Katayose C. Kato N. Kawanaka Y. Kawakubo K. Kobayashi K. Kohri H. S. Krawczynski J. F. Krizmanic P. Maestro P. S. Marrocchesi A. M. Messineo J. W. Mitchell S. Miyake A. A. Moiseev M. Mori N. Mori H. M. Motz K. Munakata S. Nakahira J. Nishimura S. Okuno J. F. Ormes S. Ozawa L. Pacini P. Papini B. F. Rauch S. B. Ricciarini K. Sakai T. Sakamoto M. Sasaki Y. Shimizu A. Shiomi P. Spillantini F. Stolzi S. Sugita A. Sulaj M. Takita T. Tamura T. Terasawa S. Torii Y. Tsunesada Y. Uchihori E. Vannuccini J. P. Wefel K. Yamaoka S. Yanagita A. Yoshida K. Yoshida W. V. Zober Department of Physics University of Florence Via Sansone 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze Via Sansone 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 17 Kikuicho Shinjuku Tokyo 162-0044 Japan JEM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy Department of Physical Sciences Earth and Environment University of Siena via Roma 56 53100 Siena Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Polo Fibonacci Largo B. Pontecorvo 3 - 56127 Pisa Italy Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences Washington University One Brookings Drive Saint Louis Missouri 63130-4899 USA Heliospheric Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland 21250 USA Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University 202 Nicholson Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai Chuo Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan Kanagawa University 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi Kanagawa Yokohama Kanagawa 221-8686 Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo Hirosaki Aomori 036

We present the observation of a charge-sign dependent solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope onboard the International Space Station over 6 yr, corresponding to the positive polarity of the solar magnetic field. The observed variation of proton count rate is consistent with the neutron monitor count rate, validating our methods for determining the proton count rate. It is observed by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope that both GCR electron and proton count rates at the same average rigidity vary in anticorrelation with the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet, while the amplitude of the variation is significantly larger in the electron count rate than in the proton count rate. We show that this observed charge-sign dependence is reproduced by a numerical “drift model” of the GCR transport in the heliosphere. This is a clear signature of the drift effect on the long-term solar modulation observed with a single detector.

关键词： Cosmic ray composition & spectra Cosmic ray propagation Cosmic ray sources Cosmic rays & astroparticles

ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP): Nested Morphological and Kinematic Structures of Outflows Revealed in SiO and CO Emission

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Chun-Fan Shang, Hsien Johnstone, Doug Ai, Tsung-Han Lee, Tsz Ming Krasnopolsky, Ruben Hirano, Naomi Dutta, Somnath Hsu, Shih-Ying López-Vázquez, Jesús Alejandro Liu, Sheng-Yuan Liu, Tie Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Zhang, Qizhou Rawlings, Mark G. Eden, David Ren, Zhiyuan Sanhueza, Patricio Kwon, Woojin Lee, Chang Won Kuan, Yi-Jehng Bandopadhyay, Somdeb Väisälä, Miikka S. Lee, Chin-Fei Das, Indrani Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Taipei106216 Taiwan NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics 5071 West Saanich Rd VictoriaBCV9E 2E7 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8P 5C2 Canada Department of Physics National Central University 300 Zhongda Road Zhongli Taoyuan320317 Taiwan Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territory Shatin Hong Kong Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai200030 China Nobeyama Radio Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 462-2 Nobeyama Minamimaki Minamisaku Nagano384-1305 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Gemini Observatory NSF’s NOIRLab 670 N. A’ohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Armagh Observatory and Planetarium College Hill ArmaghBT61 9DG United Kingdom National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Earth Science Education Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of 217 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Department of Earth Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei116059 Taiwan

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP) reveals complex nested morphological and kinematic features of molecular outflows through the CO (J = 2−1) and SiO (J = 5−4) emission. We characterize the jet and outflow kinematics of the ALMASOP sample in four representative sources (HOPS 10, 315, 358, and G203.21-11.20W2) through channel maps and position–velocity diagrams (PVDs) parallel and transverse to the outflow axes. The combined CO and SiO emission exhibits the coexistence of the conventional extremely–high-velocity (EHV) jets and shell-like low-velocity (LV) cavity walls and new features. More complex, nested bubble-like and filamentary structures in the images and channel maps, triangle-shaped regions near the base of the parallel PVDs, and regions composed of rhombus/oval shapes in the transverse PVDs, are also evident. Such features find natural explanations within the bubble structure of the unified model of jet, wind, and ambient medium. The reverse shock cavity is revealed on the PVD base regions, and other features naturally arise within the dynamic postshock region of magnetic interaction. The finer nested shells observed within the compressed wind region reveal previously unnoticed shocked emission between the jet and the conventional large cavity walls. These pseudopulse-produced filamentary features connect to the jet-like knotty blobs, creating an impression of episodicity in mass ejection. SiO emission is enhanced downstream of the reverse shock boundary, with jet-like excitation conditions. Combined, these observed features reveal the extended structures induced by the magnetic interplay between a jet-bearing magnetized wide-angle wind and its ambient magnetized surrounding medium. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Kinematics

Tunneling spectroscopy of c-axis epitaxial cuprate junctions

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Physical Review B 2020年第22期101卷 224512-224512页

作者： Panpan Zhou Liyang Chen Ilya Sochnikov Tsz Chun Wu Matthew S. Foster Anthony T. Bollinger Xi He Ivan Božović Douglas Natelson Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut 06269 USA Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973–5000 USA Department of Chemistry Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

Atomically precise epitaxial structures are unique systems for tunneling spectroscopy that minimize extrinsic effects of disorder. We present a systematic tunneling spectroscopy study, over a broad doping, temperature, and bias range, in epitaxial c-axis La2−xSrxCuO4/La2CuO4/La2−xSrxCuO4 heterostructures. The behavior of these superconductor/insulator/superconductor (SIS) devices is unusual. Down to 20 mK there is complete suppression of c-axis Josephson critical current with a barrier of only 2 nm of La2CuO4, and the zero-bias conductance remains at 20–30% of the normal-state conductance, implying a substantial population of in-gap states. Tunneling spectra show greatly suppressed coherence peaks. As the temperature is raised, the superconducting gap fills in rather than closing at Tc. For all doping levels, the spectra show an inelastic tunneling feature at ∼80 meV, suppressed as T exceeds Tc. These nominally simple epitaxial cuprate junctions deviate markedly from expectations based on the standard Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory.

关键词： Coherence length Impurities in superconductors Josephson effect Quasiparticles & collective excitations Superconducting gap Superconducting phase transition d-wave Cuprates Heterostructures High-temperature superconductors Multilayer thin films Scanning tunneling spectroscopy

Improving constraints on gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons via midrapidity open-heavy-flavor electrons in p↑+p collisions at s=200 GeV

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Physical Review D 2023年第5期107卷 052012-052012页

作者： N. J. Abdulameer U. Acharya C. Aidala Y. Akiba M. Alfred V. Andrieux N. Apadula H. Asano B. Azmoun V. Babintsev N. S. Bandara K. N. Barish S. Bathe A. Bazilevsky M. Beaumier R. Belmont A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov L. Bichon B. Blankenship D. S. Blau J. S. Bok V. Borisov M. L. Brooks J. Bryslawskyj V. Bumazhnov S. Campbell V. Canoa Roman R. Cervantes M. Chiu C. Y. Chi I. J. Choi J. B. Choi Z. Citron M. Connors R. Corliss Y. Corrales Morales N. Cronin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. W. Danley M. S. Daugherity G. David C. T. Dean K. DeBlasio K. Dehmelt A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond A. Dion D. Dixit V. Doomra J. H. Do A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum H. En’yo A. Enokizono R. Esha S. Esumi B. Fadem W. Fan N. Feege D. E. Fields M. Finger, Jr. M. Finger D. Firak D. Fitzgerald S. L. Fokin J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley Y. Fukuda P. Gallus C. Gal P. Garg H. Ge M. Giles F. Giordano Y. Goto N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H. Guragain T. Hachiya J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki H. F. Hamilton J. Hanks S. Y. Han M. Harvey S. Hasegawa T. O. S. Haseler T. K. Hemmick X. He J. C. Hill K. Hill A. Hodges R. S. Hollis K. Homma B. Hong T. Hoshino N. Hotvedt J. Huang K. Imai M. Inaba A. Iordanova D. Isenhower D. Ivanishchev B. V. Jacak M. Jezghani X. Jiang Z. Ji B. M. Johnson D. Jouan D. S. Jumper J. H. Kang D. Kapukchyan S. Karthas D. Kawall A. V. Kazantsev V. Khachatryan A. Khanzadeev A. Khatiwada C. Kim E.-J. Kim M. Kim T. Kim D. Kincses A. Kingan E. Kistenev J. Klatsky P. Kline T. Koblesky D. Kotov L. Kovacs S. Kudo B. Kurgyis K. Kurita Y. Kwon J. G. Lajoie D. Larionova A. Lebedev S. Lee S. H. Lee M. J. Leitch Y. H. Leung N. A. Lewis S. H. Lim M. X. Liu X. Li V.-R. Loggins D. A. Loomis K. Lovasz D. Lynch S. Lökös T. Majoros Y. I. Makdisi M. Makek V. I. Manko E. Mannel M. McCumber P. L. McGaughey D. McGlinchey C. McKinney M. Mendoza A. C. Mignerey A. Milov D. K. Mishra J. T. Mitchell M. Mitrankova Iu. Mitrankov G. Mitsuka S. Miyasaka S. Mizuno A. K. Mohanty M. M. Mondal P. Montuenga T. Moon D. P. M Debrecen University H-4010 Debrecen Egyetem tér 1 Hungary Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30303 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Howard University Washington DC 20059 USA Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Physics and Astronomy Department University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro North Carolina 27412 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute ” Moscow 123098 Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow 115409 Russia New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3800 USA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Korea Weizmann Institute Rehovot 76100 Israel ELTE Eötvös Loránd University H-1117 Budapest Pázmány P. s. 1/A Hungary MATE Laboratory of F

Polarized proton-proton collisions provide leading-order access to gluons, presenting an opportunity to constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations within transversely polarized protons and enhance our understanding of the three-dimensional structure of the proton. Midrapidity open-heavy-flavor production at s=200 GeV is dominated by gluon-gluon fusion, providing heightened sensitivity to gluon dynamics relative to other production channels. Transverse single-spin asymmetries of positrons and electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays are measured at midrapidity using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These charge-separated measurements are sensitive to gluon correlators that can in principle be related to gluon orbital angular momentum via model calculations. Explicit constraints on gluon correlators are extracted for two separate models, one of which had not been constrained previously.

关键词： Beam polarization Hadron-hadron interactions Polarization phenomena Relativistic heavy-ion collisions Electrons Positrons Spin

Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Helium Spectrum from 40 GeV to 250 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第17期130卷 171002-171002页

作者： O. Adriani Y. Akaike K. Asano Y. Asaoka E. Berti G. Bigongiari W. R. Binns M. Bongi P. Brogi A. Bruno J. H. Buckley N. Cannady G. Castellini C. Checchia M. L. Cherry G. Collazuol G. A. de Nolfo K. Ebisawa A. W. Ficklin H. Fuke S. Gonzi T. G. Guzik T. Hams K. Hibino M. Ichimura K. Ioka W. Ishizaki M. H. Israel K. Kasahara J. Kataoka R. Kataoka Y. Katayose C. Kato N. Kawanaka Y. Kawakubo K. Kobayashi K. Kohri H. S. Krawczynski J. F. Krizmanic P. Maestro P. S. Marrocchesi A. M. Messineo J. W. Mitchell S. Miyake A. A. Moiseev M. Mori N. Mori H. M. Motz K. Munakata S. Nakahira J. Nishimura S. Okuno J. F. Ormes S. Ozawa L. Pacini P. Papini B. F. Rauch S. B. Ricciarini K. Sakai T. Sakamoto M. Sasaki Y. Shimizu A. Shiomi P. Spillantini F. Stolzi S. Sugita A. Sulaj M. Takita T. Tamura T. Terasawa S. Torii Y. Tsunesada Y. Uchihori E. Vannuccini J. P. Wefel K. Yamaoka S. Yanagita A. Yoshida K. Yoshida W. V. Zober Department of Physics University of Florence Via Sansone 1–50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze Via Sansone 1–50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 17 Kikuicho Shinjuku Tokyo 162-0044 Japan JEM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy Department of Physical Sciences Earth and Environment University of Siena via Roma 56 53100 Siena Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Polo Fibonacci Largo B. Pontecorvo 3–56127 Pisa Italy Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences Washington University One Brookings Drive St. Louis Missouri 63130-4899 USA Heliospheric Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland 21250 USA Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University 202 Nicholson Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai Chuo Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan Kanagawa University 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi Kanagawa Yokohama Kanagawa 221-8686 Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo Hirosaki Aomori 036-8561 J

We present the results of a direct measurement of the cosmic-ray helium spectrum with the CALET instrument in operation on the International Space Station since 2015. The observation period covered by this analysis spans from October 13, 2015, to April 30, 2022 (2392 days). The very wide dynamic range of CALET allowed for the collection of helium data over a large energy interval, from ∼40 GeV to ∼250 TeV, for the first time with a single instrument in low Earth orbit. The measured spectrum shows evidence of a deviation of the flux from a single power law by more than 8σ with a progressive spectral hardening from a few hundred GeV to a few tens of TeV. This result is consistent with the data reported by space instruments including PAMELA, AMS-02, and DAMPE and balloon instruments including CREAM. At higher energy we report the onset of a softening of the helium spectrum around 30 TeV (total kinetic energy). Though affected by large uncertainties in the highest energy bins, the observation of a flux reduction turns out to be consistent with the most recent results of DAMPE. A double broken power law is found to fit simultaneously both spectral features: the hardening (at lower energy) and the softening (at higher energy). A measurement of the proton to helium flux ratio in the energy range from 60 GeV/n to about 60 TeV/n is also presented, using the CALET proton flux recently updated with higher statistics.

关键词： Cosmic ray & astroparticle detectors Cosmic ray acceleration Cosmic ray composition & spectra Cosmic ray propagation Cosmic ray sources Cosmic rays & astroparticles

Erratum to: Search for the HH → b b ¯ b b ¯ process via vector-boson fusion production using proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Journal of High Energy physics 2021年第5期2021卷 1-19页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abbott, D. C. Abed Abud, A. Abeling, K. Abhayasinghe, D. K. Abidi, S. H. AbouZeid, O. S. Abraham, N. L. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B. S. Achkar, B. Adachi, S. Adam, L. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Adelman, J. Adersberger, M. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A. A. Afik, Y. Agapopoulou, C. Agaras, M. N. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W. S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Akatsuka, S. Åkesson, T. P. A. Akilli, E. Akimov, A. V. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G. L. Albert, J. Alconada Verzini, M. J. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I. N. Alexa, C. Alexandre, D. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Alkire, S. P. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B. M. M. Allen, B. W. Allport, P. P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alshehri, A. A. Alvarez Estevez, M. Álvarez Piqueras, D. Alviggi, M. G. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Ambroz, L. Amelung, C. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S. P. Amoroso, S. Amrouche, C. S. An, F. Anastopoulos, C. Andari, N. Andeen, T. Anders, C. F. Anders, J. K. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anelli, C. R. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A. V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M. T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Antrim, D. J. A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aparisi Pozo, J. A. Aperio Bella, L. Arabidze, G. Araque, J. P. Araujo Ferraz, V. Araujo Pereira, R. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A. T. H. Arduh, F. A. Arguin, J-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A. J. Armstrong, A. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arrubarrena Tame, Z. P. Artoni, G. Artz, S. Asai, S. Asbah, N. Asimakopoulou, E. M. Asquith, L. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkin, R. J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N. B. Atmani, H. Augsten, K. Avolio, G. Avramidou, R. Ayoub, M. K. Azoulay, A. M. Azuelos, G. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Backman, F. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bahrasemani, H. Bailey, A. J. Bailey, V. R. Baines, J. T. Bajic, M. Bakalis, C. Baker, O. K. Bakker, P. J. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balaji, S. Baldin, E. M. Ba CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman United States of America Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst United States of America INFN Sezione di Pavia Pavia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pavia Pavia Italy II. Physikalisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Göttingen Germany Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne United States of America INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy Department of Physics King’s College London London United Kingdom International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Institut für Physik Universität Mainz Mainz Germany LAPP Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb United States of America Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Université de Genève Genève Switzerland Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz United States of America IJCLab

One correction is noted for the paper.

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Superdiffusion from emergent classical solitons in quantum spin chains

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arXiv 2020年

作者： De Nardis, Jacopo Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Ilievski, Enej Vasseur, Romain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 Gent9000 Belgium Department of Physics and Astronomy CUNY College of Staten Island Staten IslandNY10314 United States Physics Program and Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences Graduate Center CUNY New YorkNY10016 United States Faculty for Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Jadranska ulica 19 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States

Finite-temperature spin transport in the quantum Heisenberg spin chain is known to be superdiffusive, and has been conjectured to lie in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. Using a kinetic theory of transport, we compute the KPZ coupling strength for the Heisenberg chain as a function of temperature, directly from microscopics;the results agree well with density-matrix renormalization group simulations. We establish a rigorous quantum-classical correspondence between the "giant quasiparticles" that govern superdiffusion and solitons in the classical continuous Landau-Lifshitz ferromagnet. We conclude that KPZ universality has the same origin in classical and quantum integrable isotropic magnets: A finite-temperature gas of low-energy classical solitons. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solitons

Optical Variability of Blazars in the Tomo-e Gozen Northern Sky Transient Survey

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, TianFang Doi, Mamoru Kokubo, Mitsuru Sako, Shigeyuki Ohsawa, Ryou Tominaga, Nozomu Tanaka, Masaomi Fukazawa, Yasushi Takahashi, Hidenori Arima, Noriaki Kobayashi, Naoto Arimatsu, Ko Okumura, Shin-Ichiro Kondo, Sohei Kasuga, Toshihiro Mori, Yuki Niino, Yuu Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongō Bunkyo City Tokyo113-8654 Japan Institute of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-0015 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Science 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe School of Science The University of Tokyo Bldg. No.4 7-3-1 Hongō Bunkyo City Tokyo113-0033 Japan UTokyo Organization for Planetary Space Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongō Bunkyo City Tokyo113-8654 Japan Collaborative Research Organization for Space Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongō Bunkyo City Tokyo113-8654 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Engineering Konan University 8-9-1 Okamoto Hyogo Kobe658-8501 Japan Astronomical Institute Tohoku University Aoba Sendai980-8578 Japan Division for the Establishment of Frontier Sciences Organization for Advanced Studies Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Physics Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Kiso Observatory Institute of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Mitake 10762-30 Kiso-machi Kiso-gun Nagano397-0101 Japan Hakubi Center Astronomical Observatory Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8502 Japan Japan Spaceguard Association Bisei Spaceguard Center 1716-3 Okura Bisei Ibara Okayama714-1411 Japan

We studied the optical variability of 241 BL Lacs and 83 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ) from the 4LAC catalog using data from the Tomo-e Gozen Northern Sky Transient Survey, with ∼ 50 epochs per blazar on average. We excluded blazars whose optical variability may be underestimated due to the influence of their host galaxy, based on their optical luminosity (LO). FSRQs with γ-ray photon index greater than 2.6 exhibit very low optical variability, and their distribution of standard deviation of repeated photometry is significantly different from that of the other FSRQs (KS test P value equal to 5 × 10−6 ). Among a sample of blazars at any particular cosmological epoch, those with lower γ-ray luminosity (Lγ) tend to have lower optical variability, and those FSRQs with γ-ray photon index greater than 2.6 tend to have low Lγ. We also measured the structure function of optical variability and found that the amplitude of the structure function for FSRQs is higher than previously measured and higher than that of BL Lacs at multiple time lags. Additionally, the amplitude of the structure function of FSRQs with high γ-ray photon index is significantly lower than that of FSRQs with low γ-ray photon index. The structure function of FSRQs of high γ-ray photon index shows a characteristic timescale of more than 10 days, which may be the variability timescale of the accretion disk. In summary, we infer that the optical component of FSRQs with high γ-ray photon index may be dominated by the accretion disk. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Gamma rays