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Towards optimal design of patient isolation units in emergency rooms to prevent airborne virus transmission: From computational fluid dynamics to data-driven modeling

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2024年 173卷 108309-108309页

作者： Lee, Jong Hyeon Shim, Jae Woo Lim, Min Hyuk Baek, Changhoon Jeon, Byoungjun Cho, Minwoo Park, Sungwoo Choi, Dong Hyun Kim, Byeong Soo Yoon, Dan Kim, Young Gyun Cho, Seung Yeon Lee, Kyung-Min Yeo, Myoung-Souk Zo, Hangman Shin, Sang Do Kim, Sungwan Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Graduate School Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Korea Republic of 50 UNIST-gil Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun Ulsan Korea Republic of 50 UNIST-gil Eonyang-eup Ulju-gun Ulsan Korea Republic of Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Innovative Medical Technology Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Medical Research Center Seoul National University 103 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Office of Hospital Information Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering Seoul National University College of Medicine 103 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of International Vaccine Institute 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering Seoul National University College of Engineering 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Emergency Medicine Seoul National University Hospital 101 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Emergency Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine 103 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Bioengineering Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Artificial Intelligence Institute Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Korea Republic of

Background: Patient isolation units (PIUs) can be an effective method for effective infection control. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is commonly used for PIU design;however, optimizing this design requires extensive computational resources. Our study aims to provide data-driven models to determine the PIU settings, thereby promoting a more rapid design process. Method: Using CFD simulations, we evaluated various PIU parameters and room conditions to assess the impact of PIU installation on ventilation and isolation. We investigated particle dispersion from coughing subjects and airflow patterns. Machine-learning models were trained using CFD simulation data to estimate the performance and identify significant parameters. Results: Physical isolation alone was insufficient to prevent the dispersion of smaller particles. However, a properly installed fan filter unit (FFU) generally enhanced the effectiveness of physical isolation. Ventilation and isolation performance under various conditions were predicted with a mean absolute percentage error of within 13%. The position of the FFU was found to be the most important factor affecting the PIU performance. Conclusion: Data-driven modeling based on CFD simulations can expedite the PIU design process by offering predictive capabilities and clarifying important performance factors. Reducing the time required to design a PIU is critical when a rapid response is required. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： COVID-19

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Architectural Teaching and Design Computing： A Didactic Experience in a Brazilian architecture Course

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Journal of Civil Engineering and architecture 2018年第1期12卷 51-58页

作者： Femando Tadeu de Araujo Lima Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism (FAU) and Post-Graduate Program of Built Environment (PROAC) Federal University ofJuiz de Fora Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais 36037-000 Brazil

In the last years, architectural practice has been confronted with a paradigm shift towards the application of digital methods in design activities. In this regard, it is a pedagogic challenge to provide a suitable computational background for architectural students, to improve their ability to apply algorithmic-parametric logic, as well as fabrication and prototyping resources to design problem solving. This challenge is even stronger when considering less favored social and technological contexts, such as in Brazil, for example. In this scenario, this article presents and discusses the procedures and the results from a didactic experience carried out in a design computing-oriented discipline, inserted in the curriculum of a Brazilian architecture course. Hence, this paper shares some design computing teaching experiences and presents some results on computational methods and creative approaches, with a view to contribute to a better understanding about the relations between logical thinking, mathematics and architectural design processes.

关键词： Architectural design teaching design computing didactic experience.

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Air Temperature and Humidity Outdoor Analysis of Buildings in Panakukang Makassar

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019年第1期620卷

作者： Tayeb Mustamin Ramli Rahim Baharuddin Rosady Mulyadi Graduate Student Architecture Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Building Science and Technology Laboratory Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia

This study aims to analyse data and humidity outside. Data retrieval is taken from the HOBO MX2300 tool data recorder for external temperature and humidity. Then the data processing was analysed and analysed using a Microsoft Excel program in the form of graphs / fluctuating images that showed the average value, standard deviation, maximum value, and minimum value. Only from 6:00 to 8:30. On the 15th to the 17th of June the thermal comfort zone only occurs in the morning under 09.00. The highest maximum air temperature occurs on June 15 at 13.01-13.30. The lowest minimum value is on June 15 at 06.00-06.30. The results of the analysis then show the level of suitability of the data with the thermal comfort zone based on SNI (SNI) every day.

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Experimental study of light pipe and heliostat for conducting sunlight to underground spaces in Porto Alegre 33

Experimental study of light pipe and heliostat for conductin...

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33rd International on Passive and Low Energy architecture Conference: Design to Thrive, PLEA 2017

作者： Bystronski, Yasmin Costa-Neto, Waldo Martau, Betina Research and Post-graduate Program in Architecture Faculty of Architecture Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Usina Fab Lab Porto Alegre Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780992895754

The use of underground spaces has been pointed out as an alternative to the growing demand for more areas in cities and the presence of natural light is seen as a strategy for improving the quality of such buildings. Light pipes are one of the technologies capable of conducting light over long distances. However, they require local studies to check the most efficient performance in each geographical location. This paper aims to study the performance of a given light pipe combined with a heliostat device in Porto Alegre, a city in south Brazil. We conducted an experiment in which scale models were used. Different reflexive materials were tested and, as a second step, light pipes combined with the use of a handmade heliostat were verified. At the end, rapid prototyping tools where used to build and test an automatized heliostat. Our results pointed to a great potential for using these technologies in deep environments on cloudless days. However, in overcast weather their efficiency drops considerably, so the use of hybrid systems may be an alternative. Heat load conduction and glaring caused by direct sunlight are some of the main limitations of these systems and must be addressed in future experiments. Copyright © NCEUB 2017.

关键词： Hybrid systems

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The Arckitbuilding Bricks as a Didactic Tool for Experimentation in Architectural Design： Possibilities and Limitations

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Journal of Civil Engineering and architecture 2018年第1期12卷 59-64页

作者： Frederico Braida Rafael Henriques Campos Dias Icaro Chagas da Silva Isabela Ruback Cascardo de Almeida Janaina Mendes de Castro Mariane Garcia Unanue Antonio Colchete Filho Graduate Program in Built Environment Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora 36036-900 Brazil Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora 36036-900 Brazil

This article deals with the usage of building bricks as a didactic material for the development of architectural design. The building brick game chosen for analysis was the Arckit, since it is suitable for the architectural practice. It is estimated that this game can contribute to the design, representation and presentation of projects. In order to investigate in which aspects Arckit presents possibilities of applications, as well as limitations of use, the article approaches the importance of building bricks as a didactic tool and its use in the field of the architectural design process. From a literature review and an empirical experience, this article reports a qualitative research, where the applicability of the Arckit game was checked. Through a critical reflection based on that experience, it was possible to conclude that whereas its limitations to urban form and linked to the formal vocabulary that composes the grammar of these bricks, the Arckit building bricks represent in architecture a playful and experimental way to think and design, fomenting the creativity and the spatial perception, resulting in a particular experience that can make architecture better connected with dreams and joy.

关键词： Physical model building bricks didactic tool education design architecture.

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From green open space to green infrastructure: The potential of green open space optimization towards sustainable cities in Bekasi City & Regency, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期399卷

作者： H Ajrina I Kustiwan Graduate Program in Regional and City Planning Department School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development Bandung Institute of Technology Lecturer of Regional and City Planning Department School of Architecture Planning and Policy Development Bandung Institute of Technology

Urban growth dynamics have resulted an increase in population and rapid conversion of green open space (GOS) into built-up areas. Despite the minimum standard provision has been stated 30% on spatial regulation Law No 26/2007, Bekasi City Government has been struggling to preserve their remaining valuable green open spaces. This paper aims to propose a concept emphasizing the provision of green open space using green infrastructure by the linkages between green open spaces in the form of areas (hubs) which connected by a corridor (links). Built upon theoretical bases of the benefits of green open space that cannot be limited by administrative boundaries, the study uses Bekasi City and Bekasi Regency at the regional scale as a study case. This study calculated the potential area of green infrastructure and compared ecosystem services produced before and after the application of the concept. The result showed that the application of the Green Infrastructure concept has significantly increased the quantity (area) as well as the quality (ecological function) of green open space. An interconnected green open space was also able to enhance the ecosystem services by absorbing carbon dioxide. All of these potential benefits have implications on the Green Infrastructure development strategy to establish a more sustainable city.

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Visitor perspectives and satisfaction index towards ecotourism potential in the Leang-Leang Prehistoric Park, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期528卷

作者： Asrianny Rinekso Soekmadi Dudung Darusman Hadi Susilo Arifin Study Program of Ecotourism Management and Environmental Services Graduate School of IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor Indonesia Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism Faculty of Forestry IPB University Indonesia Department of Forest Management Faculty of Forestry IPB University Indonesia Department of Landscape Architecture Faculty of Agriculture IPB University Indonesia

The Leang-Leang prehistoric park is one of four leading destinations in Bantimurung Bulusarung National Park, however, the evaluation of visitor perspectives and satisfaction index in this site were still limited. This study aimed to analyze the importance-performance analysis based on visitor perspectives and to assess visitor satisfaction index in the Leang-Leang destination. Fifty people selected through convenience sampling method were involved as respondents. Consumer perspective assessment was focused on 33 ecotourism potential subcomponents and the scoring method referred to Likert scale, prior to group into the IPA matrix/Cartesian diagram. The visitor satisfaction assessment was calculated based on the formula of customer satisfaction index. The result showed that there were 7 ecotourism potential subcomponents that need to be prioritized by managerial team, i.e local cultural arts, guide and interpreter, public lavatory, garbage dump, rest area, security facility (tourist police) and shopping facility. Flora attraction, panorama, specific attraction, historical heritage, hospitality of local people, the easiness access to locations, the easiness access to get information about the distance from the nearest city, brochures, maps or other directions, clean water availability, service, care and skill of human resource had been already in the good condition, so keep up the good work. Fauna attraction, local traditions and customs, festival, carvings and crafts, local food, homestay, hotel, camping ground, the easiness access to get transportation, telephone, faximile or internet and health facility were included in low priority subcomponents. Moreover, cultural landscape, local people daily life and transportation costs were categorized as possible overkill subcomponent. The score of visitor satisfaction index was 55.57 and categorized as a moderate satisfaction level.

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Unequal access to social, environmental and health amenities in US urban parks

Nature Cities

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Nature Cities 2024年 861-870页

作者： Richelle L. Winkler Jeffrey A. G. Clark Dexter H. Locke Peleg Kremer Myla F. J. Aronson Fushcia-Ann Hoover Hogyeum Evan Joo Daniele La Rosa KangJae Jerry Lee Susannah B. Lerman Hamil Pearsall Timothy L. V. Vargo Charles H. Nilon Christopher A. Lepczyk United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Kansas City MO USA Natural Areas Conservancy New York NY USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Baltimore MD USA Department of Geography and the Environment Villanova University Villanova PA USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Earth Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Parks Recreation and Tourism University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Amherst MA USA Department of Geography and Urban Studies Temple University Philadelphia PA USA Urban Ecology Center Milwaukee WI USA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO USA College of Forestry Wildlife and Environment Auburn University Auburn AL USA

Urban parks provide vital social, environmental and health benefits to residents. However, the spatial distribution of parks, and the amenities they provide, may not be equitably distributed within cities. We examine the accessibility of urban parks with different social, environmental and health amenities by race and ethnicity. We identified 122,988 urban parks across the USA, measured the racial/ethnic population distribution within a 10-min walkshed around each park and compared these distributions to the overall demographics of the city. We found that the spatial distribution of parks as well as park amenities differ according to the neighborhood demographics. Racial/ethnic compositions of neighborhoods surrounding parks tend to be whiter than other parts of the same cities, though there are regional differences. Parks in predominantly white neighborhoods are cooler in the summer and have more tree cover compared with parks in neighborhoods with greater proportions of Hispanic and Black residents. Differences in amenities hold across regions of the country. Our study demonstrates that inequities in access to high-quality parks are widespread across the USA.

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The analysis of thermal performance of vernacular building envelopes in tropical high lands using Ecotect

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期423卷

作者： Hermawan Sunaryo A Kholil Department of Architecture Qur'anic Science University Jl. Hasyim Asy'ari Km.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia Doctoral Program in Architecture Diponegoro University Jl. Prof Sudarto Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Qur'anic Science University Jl. Hasyim Asy'ari Km.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia Department of Post Graduate Qur'anic Science University Jl. Hasyim Asy'ari Km.03 Wonosobo 56351 Indonesia

Climate change affects all areas, including those with low temperature. Wonosobo belongs to highland areas with low temperature. The thermal performance of buildings is influenced by micro-environment climate so that the climate change will affect the thermal performance of buildings. Vernacular buildings are believed to be able to make the occupants comfortable. The vernacular buildings in tropical highlands have either exposed stone walls or wooden walls. The present research seeks to analyze the thermal performance of building envelopes with wooden walls and exposed stone walls in highland areas. Simulation method using the Ecotect software was applied. There are 12 building models with a variety of roofing and flooring were selected. The results of the simulation indicate that the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures of one model and other models is not significant. Warm temperature mostly occurs in houses with exposed stone walls. Highland areas need much warmth so that cold temperature will not disturb occupants.

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Key strategies of sustainable and energy-saving development for green universities

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期291卷

作者： Yi-Xin Cai Sheng-Jung Ou Hsuan-Hung Chen Chien-Chen Chiu Graduate Student program in Landscape and Urban design Department of Landscape and Urban Design Chaoyang University of Technology Taiwan Department of Landscape and Urban Design Chaoyang University of Technology Taiwan Graduate Student program in Theme park management and analysis Department of Architecture Chaoyang University of Technology Taiwan Adjunct Lecturer of General Education Center Chaoyang University of Technology Taiwan

Sustainable environment development has become a global and popular issue. In Taiwan, regardless of public authorities or private organizations, departments often promote green buildings, green campus and other practices according based upon different sustainable plans. In 2007, the Ministry of Education promoted the green universities and formally launched the Green University Development program. Subsequently, in 2009, 13 schools jointly signed 'The Tallories Declaration' to promote the sustainable work of the Green University. Up to 2018, eight universities have entered the ranks of the world's largest green universities. For finding better sustainable development strategies to improve the Green university evaluation and environmental benefits, this study analyzes the current situation of the Green University in Taiwan and presents a trend analysis of the development of Green University assessment indicators in Chaoyang University of Technology (CYUT) over the years. Finally, through the analysis, the study proposes the concrete strategies for achieving green university's requirement, and proposes the key strategies of further achieving sustainable energy saving of green campus for Chaoyang University of Technology.

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