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Methodological Properties of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Equipment Used for Analgesia in Humans: a Systematic Review

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SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine 2021年第6期3卷 1363-1372页

作者： Guimarães, Igor Batista Volpini Lana, Mariana Ribeiro de Aquino, Mariana Rodrigues Carvalho Cavalheiro, Jessé Mendonça Alves, Davi Neiva Vimieiro, Claysson Bruno Santos Associação Mineira de Reabilitação Orthotics for Humans Laboratory (OhLab) Child Rehabilitation Center Belo Horizonte Brazil Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Bioengineering Laboratory Labbio Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Biomedical Engineering Department Universidade FUMEC Belo Horizonte Brazil Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

Pain is considered a public health problem due to its high economic cost, high prevalence, and great impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been shown to be a safe, inexpensive option with satisfactory results in improving pain control. However, the success of this therapy presents as key factors the parameters used, among them the intensity and duration of treatment. However, little is known about the validation of such equipment. To perform a systematic review of the equipment available for the application of electrostimulation as a therapeutic resource for analgesia, which had their methodological properties tested. A systematic literature search was conducted for all relevant scientific articles in the SCIELO, Medline/PubMed, PEDRo, and EBSCO databases. A total of 318 articles were found. Sixty-six were duplicate studies, 252 were selected by title, 72 by abstract, 5 by text full reading, and finally only 2 were included, since the others did not meet the pre-established inclusion criteria. The evidence gathered in this study shows that the performance evaluation of commercially available electrostimulation equipment may be a responsibility of the national regulatory agency. Our findings reinforce the importance of greater availability of information about the regulatory processes of these devices and the verification of the parameters of the regulated devices, so that the achievement of therapeutic goals is not compromised.

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Experimental validations of diffusion-based acoustical modeling in coupled-volume systems

Experimental validations of diffusion-based acoustical model...

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20th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2013, ICSV 2013

作者： Xiang, Ning Escolano, Jose Navarro, Juan M. Jing, Yun Graduate Program in Architectural Acoustics School of Architecture Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180 United States Multimedia Multimodal Processing Research Group University of Ja'en Linares 23700 Spain Advanced Telecommunications Research Group San Antonio's Catholic University Murcia 30107 Spain Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781629931500

Following the physical analogy with diffusion of particles in a scattering medium, and assuming sound particles travel along straight lines at sound speed, the room-acoustic diffusion model has emerged as geometrical/statistical room-acoustic prediction tools based on the assumption that the room(s) under consideration contains scattering objects that uniformly scatter the sound particles. In this paper the validity of the room-acoustics diffusion model is investigated using scale-models of a coupled-volume system. This work investigates the valid ranges and limitations of the diffusion model by systematic changes in aperture sizes of coupled-volume systems for comparisons between the acoustical scale-models and the room-acoustic diffusion models. In these physical and numerical models, the sound source and receiver positions relative to the aperture are also investigated.

关键词： Diffusion

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The Impact of Greening Strategies on Temperature Reduction at Bus Stop Utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Analysis

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kim, Na Youn Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seokhwan Lee, Dong Kun Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

This study analyzed the effectiveness of a vegetation strategy for mitigating heat within a bus stop shelter by implementing vegetation wind permeability and transpiration cooling processes using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. In scenario 1, a pot-type vertical greening system (VGS) without wind permeability had no significant effect on temperature reduction in the bus stop shelter. In contrast, scenario 2, with a mesh VGS allowing wind permeability, resulted in an average temperature reduction of 0.16°C within the interior area of the bus stop shelter, accompanied by shelter improved ventilation. Scenario 3, which entailed the removal of the shelter and the planting of trees, resulted in the least reduction in wind speed and an average temperature reduction of 0.14°C in the bus waiting area. Scenario 2 demonstrated the most effective temperature reduction for interior and surrounding area of the bus stop. Considering the normal effective temperature (NET), Scenario 3 provided the lowest sensation temperature. This indicates that the improved ventilation in Scenario 3 had a substantial impact on NET. Considering the effects of the vegetation strategies proposed in this study, it is essential to select suitable strategies for heat mitigation in bus-stop shelters based on regional and spatial considerations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Plugging Effect of Fine Pore Water in Opc and LC3 Paste During Accelerated Carbonation Monitored Via Single-Sided Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cheng, Luge Kurihara, Ryo Ohkubo, Takahiro Kitagaki, Ryoma Suda, Yuya Teramoto, Atsushi Maruyama, Ippei Department of Architecture Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan Division of Human Environmental Systems Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo060-8628 Japan Department of Architecture Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Civil Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of the Ryukyus Okinawa903-0213 Japan Nagoya University Japan

This study focuses on the investigation of the influence of CO2 concentration on the carbonation process in cementitious paste using ordinary Portlandite cement and limestone-calcined clay cement, specifically on the water content distribution. Employing single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for water profiling, we revealed that the water content of fine pores (interlayer space and gel pores) was consistent at the carbonation front under accelerated carbonation processes with CO2 concentrations of 5% and 1%, demonstrating the plugging effect where fine pore water governs the carbonation progress. This effect was absent under natural carbonation conditions because of the carbonation process was slower than drying. It was confirmed that the rate-determining mechanisms of natural and accelerated carbonation with CO2 concentrations greater than 1% were different. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbonation

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Impact of Urban Expansion on Superficial Water Quality in Periurban Areas

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第12期10卷 1591-1601页

作者： Adriana Schueler Vinicius Perrut dos Santos Decio Tubbs Department of Architecture and Urbanism and Post Graduate Program in Territorial Development and Public Policies Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brasil Engineering and Architecture Project Coordination from Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brasil Department of Geoscience Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brasil.

Economic growth promoted by large investment projects in the city of Seropédica and surrounding areas is not accompanied by a territorial planning that supports future growth scenarios. The challenge of the municipality is to prepare to have its territory fully transformed. This study aimed to establish quantitative data on the interferences that the growth model practiced has caused in its main watercourse called Val?o dos Bois. For this, its morphometric characteristics and physicochemical parameters of water quality were measured, and computational simulations of the self-purification processes were performed at various points, as well as the infiltration and precipitation processes, surface flow and leaching in four occupation scenarios of the urbanized areas of the basin, for rains with five different return periods.

关键词： Water Recourses Urban Development Computer Simulation Sanitary Sewage

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Parametric modeling and fabrication as capturing knowledge: A design computation workflow for historical brick surfaces in Anatolia

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Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage 2024年 32卷

作者： Altun, Sevgi Özkar, Mine İstanbul Technical University Graduate School Department of Informatics Architectural Design Computing Graduate Program Harbiye Mahallesi Taşkışla Caddesi No:2 Şişli İstanbul 34367 Turkey İstanbul Technical University Faculty of Architecture Department of Architecture Harbiye Mahallesi Taşkışla Caddesi No:2 Şişli İstanbul 34367 Turkey

Using computational design tools to create meaningful digital representations of architectural heritage delivers both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, digital tools aid the fast and detailed three-dimensional modeling of architectural elements. On the other hand, these models do not sufficiently document the materials and techniques of making. This research proposes a workflow to use computational design tools to analyze historic Anatolian brick elements while integrating their geometry, construction, and part-whole relations in parametric modeling and robotic fabrication processes. Our approach demonstrates a correlation between the design of the surface pattern and material application in historical bricklaying. The proposed workflow can be applied to formalize implicit design knowledge, integrating it into the digital environment and numeric control production codes. This holistic approach to heritage prioritizes both the tangible aspects, such as form and material, and intangible aspects such as the knowledge base of applied techniques. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Architectural heritage documentation Historical bricklaying Robotic fabrication Shape grammars

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Effects of Built Environment on Bus Trip Rates under Rail Transit Competition

SSRN

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SSRN 2021年

作者： Wang, Shuxian Zhao, Liyuan Zhang, Ming Chen, Ruoyu Liang, Sicheng School of Architecture and Urban Planning HuaZhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Community and Regional Planning Program School of Architecture The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen China Wuhan Planning and Design Institute Wuhan China

It's important to explore ways to integrate bus and rail transit by combining both the effects of the built environment and their competition. Using Wuhan city in China as a case study, this study develops gradient boosting decision trees(GBDTs) to examine the threshold range of built environment impacts on bus transit trip rates and to further explore the competitive impacts of rail transit on bus transit within these threshold ranges. The results show that when the number of service point-of-interests(POIs) within a 500 m radius of bus stop reaches 350 and the distance to the destination is 5 km, the model split of bus transit is the highest. The competition impact shows that rail transit promotes bus transit trip rates in urban fringe areas, but restricts in high-density central areas and the regions dominated by short distance trips. These findings provide technical support for optimizing spatial layouts through transit-oriented development. © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision trees

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Sodium Stress in the Halophyte Thellungiella halophila and Transcriptional Changes in a thsos1-RNA Interference Line

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第10期49卷 1484-1496页

作者： Dong-Ha Oh Qingqiu Gong Alex Ulanov Quan Zhang Youzhi Li Wenying Ma Dae-Jin Yun Ray A. Bressan Hans J. Bohnert Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) and Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University Jinju 660-701 Korea Departments of Plant Biology and of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research College of Life Science Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering Guangxi University Nanning 530005 China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West-Lafayette IN 47907 USA

The plasma membrane Na＋/H＋-antiporter salt overly sensitive1 （SOS1） from the halophytic Arabidopsis-relative Thellungiella halophila （ThSOS1） shows conserved sequence and domain structure with the orthologous genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and other plants. When expression of ThSOSt was reduced by RNA interference （RNAi）, pronounced characteristics of salt-sensitivity were observed. We were interested in monitoring altered transcriptional responses between Thellungiella wild type and thsost-4, a representative RNAi line with particular emphasis on root responses to salt stress at 350 mmol/L NaCI, a concentration that is only moderately stressful for mature wild type plants. Transcript profiling revealed several functional categories of genes that were differently affected in wild-type and RNAi plants. Down-regulation of SOS1 resulted in different gene expression even in the absence of stress. The pattern of gene induction in the RNAi plant under salt stress was similar to that of glycophytic Arabidopsis rather than that of wild type Thellungiella. The RNAi plants failed to down-regulate functions that are normally reduced in wild type Thellungiella upon stress and did not up-regulate functions that characterize the Thellungiella salt stress response. Metabolite changes observed in wild type Thellungiella after salt stress were less pronounced or absent in RNAi plants. Transcript and metabolite behavior suggested SOS1 functions including but also extending its established function as a sodium transporter. The down-regulation of ThSOS1 converted the halophyte Thellungiella into a salt-sensitive plant.

关键词： salt stress salt overly sensitive1 RNA interference Thellungiella halophila transcript profiling.

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Effects of Built Environment on Bus Trip Rates under Rail Transit Competition

SSRN

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SSRN 2021年

作者： Wang, Shuxian Zhao, Liyuan Zhang, Ming Chen, Ruoyu Liang, Sicheng School of Architecture and Urban Planning HuaZhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Community and Regional Planning Program School of Architecture University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States School of Urban Planning and Design Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen China Wuhan Planning and Design Institute Wuhan China

It’s important to explore ways to integrate bus and rail transit by combining both the effects of the built environment and their competition. Using Wuhan city in China as a case study, this study develops gradient boosting decision trees(GBDTs) to examine the threshold range of built environment impacts on bus transit trip rates and to further explore the competitive impacts of rail transit on bus transit within these threshold ranges. The results show that when the number of service point-of-interests(POIs) within a 500 m radius of bus stop reaches 350 and the distance to the destination is 5 km, the model split of bus transit is the highest. The competition impact shows that rail transit promotes bus transit trip rates in urban fringe areas, but restricts in high-density central areas and the regions dominated by short distance trips. These findings provide technical support for optimizing spatial layouts through transit-oriented development. © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision trees

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ZAHA HADID 1950-2016

ARTFORUM INTERNATIONAL

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ARTFORUM INTERNATIONAL 2016年第10期54卷 76-+页

作者： Wigley, Mark Vidler, Anthony Libeskind, Daniel Rabbat, Nasser Tschumi, Bernard Gehry, Frank PROFESSOR AND DEAN EMERITUS AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE PLANNING AND PRESERVATION DEAN AND PROFESSOR OF THE IRWIN S. CHANIN SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AT THE COOPER UNION NEW YORK FOUNDER OF STUDIO LIBESKIND WHICH HAS COMPLETED MAJOR PROJECTS AROUND THE WORLD INCLUDING THE JEWISH MUSEUM IN BERLIN AND THE MASTER PLAN FOR THE WORLD TRADE CENTER SITE IN NEW YORK AGA KHAN PROFESSOR AND THE DIRECTOR OFTHE AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECT AND THE FOUNDER OF BERNARD TSCHUMI ARCHITECTS NEW YORK AND PARIS FOUNDER OF GEHRY PARTNERS AN INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED ARCHITECTURE STUDIO BASED IN LOS ANGELES

The article presents an obituary for architect Zaha Hadid.

关键词： WOMEN architects

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