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International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Knowledge Economy (ICCIKE)

作者： Helcy D. Alon Michael Angelo D. Ligayo Mark P. Melegrito Christopher Franco Cunanan Edgar E. Uy II Graduate Program Technological Institute of the Philippines Manila Philippines Quezon City University Quezon City Philippines Technological University of the Philippines Manila Philippines Polytechnic University of the Philippines Philippines College of Engineering and Architecture Bohol Island State University Tagbilaran Philippines

Sign-Language is to help people with hearing or speaking disabilities who are not able to communicate well with other people. Communicating with deaf people is a challenge for some speakers and people who do not know sign language. What the study proposed is to help people with such disabilities using the American Sign-Language with the corresponding hand gesture. Deaf individuals will be able to communicate or interact with other people conveniently. The study proposed hand gesture or hand sign language detection trained by using the YOLOv3 algorithm that aims to detect hand gestures or hand sign language that can recognize its equivalent letter alphabet. The study tools such as LabelImg for annotating the data set, categorizing each image of hand gestures based on their equivalent letter alphabet. In this study, Model 18 with 95.1804% training accuracy, 90.8242% validation accuracy, and mAP of 0.8275 is used for the final testing. As video with different hand gestures is presented, the results of every hand gesture detected range over 90%.

关键词： Training Assistive technology Gesture recognition Auditory system Tools Computational intelligence Testing

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Numerical analysis of the influence of the contact boundary condition and specimen geometry on concrete compressive strength

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Procedia Structural Integrity 2023年 47卷 261-267页

作者： Caroline Bremm Luísa Inda Leandro Ferreira Friedrich Sabrina Vantadori Ignacio Iturrioz Luis Kosteski Engineering Post Graduation Program Federal University of Pampa Av. Tiaraju 810 Alegrete 97546-550 Brazil Civil Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Pampa Av. Tiaraju 810 Alegrete 97546-550 Brazil Program of Mechanical Pos-Graduation Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Sarmento Leite 425 Porto Alegre 90040-060 Brazil Department of Engineering & Architecture University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A 43124 Parma Italy

In the present paper, the influence of the contact boundary condition and specimen geometry on the concrete compressive strength is numerically investigated by using a version of the Lattice Discrete Element Method (LDEM), implemented on Abaqus/Explicit. More precisely, two types of contact boundary conditions are considered and, for each of them, three different slenderness levels (height/width ratio - h/b) are analyzed (that is, h/b = 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0) by considering a square cross-section. Moreover, for h/b = 2.0, a circular cross-section is also examined. Two models are developed: one by using the LDEM and the other by using a hybrid model, combining Finite Elements and LDEs. The results show that both the boundary conditions and the sample geometry influence the axial compressive strength.

关键词： Abaqus concrete compressive strength Lattice Discrete Element Method (LDEM)

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Modelling the relationships between local landscape features and habitat suitability of Genji-firefly Luciola cruciata using Random Forests

Modelling the relationships between local landscape features...

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International Symposium on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS)

作者： Tomoya Ogami Shinji Fukuda Hirofumi Kakudo Graduate School of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan Division of Environmental and Agricultural Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan Program in Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Design Kagawa University Kagawa Japan

Genji-firefly has been one of the key symbols of rural environmental conservation. The species lives underwater as larvae, in the soil when they pupate, and emerges on the ground as adults. Because the habitat conditions of larvae and adults differ greatly, the habitat requirement of Genji-firefly must be clarified over a wide range from instream to the surrounding riparian environment. In this study, we developed a habitat suitability model for Genji-firefly by relating the number of individuals to local landscape features surveyed in a small river in an agricultural watershed. For habitat modelling, Random Forests, a well-known highly predictive machine learning method, was used to model species distributions and to extract quantitative information on their ecological characteristics. As a result, a good agreement was found between observed and modelled number of individuals, although some issues still remain for the test data. We were able to extract local landscape features that characterize the habitat suitability of adult firefly. In future, we plan to deepen our habitat suitability assessment by taking into account uncertainties such as noise originated from absent data.

关键词： Uncertainty Biological system modeling Computational modeling Vegetation Forestry Predictive models Feature extraction

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Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Damage Identification in a Beam 10th

Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Damage Identifica...

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10th International Conference on Wave Mechanics and Vibrations, WMVC 2022

作者： da Silva Coelho, Jefferson de Sousa, Amanda Aryda Silva Rodrigues Machado, Marcela Rodrigues Dutkiewicz, Maciej Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Tecnologia - Asa Norte DF Brasília Brazil Post-Graduate Program - Integrity of Engineering Materials University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Tecnologia - Asa Norte DF Brasília70910-900 Brazil Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering and Architecture University of Science and Technology Bydgoszcz85-796 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031157578

Damage is defined as any change to the material, geometry or boundary condition that can modify the structure’s properties or response. In the past, damage identification was performed through periodical inspection, non-destructive testing/non-destructive evaluation, or visual observation. Structural health monitoring (SHM) has emerged to transition from offline damage identification to near real-time and online damage assessment. Hence, SHM is a damage detection strategy to monitor a structure for a period using a series of continuous measurement devices, which then collect the system’s characteristics and subsequently perform statistical analysis to assess the current circumstances and health of the structure. One of the first steps for the study of SHM is damage detection followed by monitoring. Machine Learning (ML) techniques can be used to develop viable algorithms to make potential predictions. ML algorithms are therefore providing the tools needed to enhance the capabilities of SHM systems and provide intelligent solutions to past challenges. Preliminary studies have reviewed that the extension of ML into SHM has dramatically increased the system’s capabilities, providing innovative solutions to different research challenges. This work conducts a study of the use of ML to identify damage in a beam and discuss the challenge of usage, performance and implementation of each technique. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Decision trees

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Relationship between Embedment and Compressive Properties with Grain Direction of Hardwood Species

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Zairyo/Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 2024年第8期73卷 669-674页

作者： Takuro, Mori Tagawa, Riho Inoue, Ryo Tanaka, Kei Hiroshima University Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Kumamoto University Faculty of Advanced Science and Tchnology Kurokami Chuo-ku Kumamoto860-8555 Japan Oita University Faculty of Science and Technology Architecture Program Dannoharu Oita870-1124 Japan

In general, softwoods are used as the main structural material for wooden structures, while hardwoods are less used. Some hardwoods show superior mechanical performance due to the high density about 1.0 x 103 kg/m3. Therefore, the utilizing hardwoods as structural materials are supposed to more flexible structural design proposals. Studies on the mechanical performance of hardwoods for structural design are not enough, especially as an embedment performance. In this study, it was conducted embedment and compression tests related to the joint performance of wooden structures using three species of hardwoods (Ulin, Buna, and Kuri) and a softwood (Sugi) to investigate the effects of strength performances such as density and woody structure. As a result, hardwoods with higher density showed higher strength performance. Embedment strength relative to compressive strength was 0.94 to 1.49 times higher in the direction parallel to the grain and 3.46 to 5.08 times higher in the direction perpendicular to the grain. About embedment strength, the ring-porous wood, Kuri, showed a similar trend (TR⨫RT, TL⨫RL) to that of a softwood, Sugi, while the diffuse-porous wood, Ulin and Buna, showed different trends (RTRL). © 2024 Society of Materials Science Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hardwoods

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Quantifying Outdoor Cooling Effects of Vertical Green System on Mean Radiant Temperature

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Kim, Na Youn Piao, Zheng Gang Kim, Sang Hyuck Park, Seunghwan Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Building Energy Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Goyang10223 Korea Republic of

Vertical green systems (VGS) are expected to mitigate outdoor heat stress through a transpiration cooling effect. There is a lack of knowledge on how VGS influence outdoor thermal comfort, particularly focusing on energy flux. This study quantifies the outdoor cooling effects of VGS, and distinguishes the energy flux between them and outdoor urban spaces. In addition, we discuss their cooling efficiency. Outdoor experiments were conducted during the hot summer period on building facades in city. Our study on VGS focused on the measurement of climatic variables, surface temperatures of plant leaves (Fatsia japonica), net radiation, and estimating transpiration and evaporation. The surface temperature of VGS were up to 4.3 °C higher than those of high albedo walls, while the reflected radiations (short and long-wave radiation) were 120 w/m2 lower than albedo walls during the day. The mean radiant temperature (MRT) of VGS was 3.02 °C lower than the high albedo wall during daytime, except in the case of shaded areas (0.45 °C). We confirmed that the cooling efficiency of transpiration was 7.38 times more effective than evaporation from soil without plants. Therefore, VGS is efficient in terms of long-term heat reduction and can be an effective strategy to mitigate outdoor heat stress. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transpiration

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Modeling Supports the Implementation of Urban Greening as a Response to the Challenges of Sustainable Spatial Planning

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Lee, Dong Kun Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Da Sle Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Urban greening is a critical strategy for sustainable urban development, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation. However, the effectiveness of urban greening varies depending on the specific goals (e.g., enhancing biodiversity, reducing urban heat, or both) and their spatial implementation. To address the spatial variability in the effectiveness of greening, we propose a spatial decision support model based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). This model aims to optimize urban greening locations to maximize biomass density, mitigate urban heat stress, and simultaneously improve landscape connectivity. Applied to Suwon City, South Korea, the model's effectiveness was evaluated against a Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario across four scenarios: Connectivity-based, Biomass density-based, Heat stress-based, and an Integrated-based scenario. The integrated approach, balancing trade-offs between ecological benefits and implementation costs, outperformed the BAU scenario by 8.84%. This outcome indicated of significant improvements in biomass density and landscape connectivity, despite highlighting a weaker correlation with heat stress mitigation. Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated planning approach to urban greening, as it can contribute toward the attainment of urban development goals. Additionally, by proposing an app-based model for policymakers to utilize, our outputs should enable the reconciliation of multiple environmental objectives in urban landscapes. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate change

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Nature-Based Solutions Can Potentially Contribute to Biomass Density, Heat Stress Mitigation, and Biodiversity

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Shin Woo Kim, Da Sle Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are actions to protect, sustainably manage, or restore natural ecosystems. They are increasingly recognized worldwide as a key strategy for sustainable development, integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation and biodiversity conservation. NBS is fundamental to the quality of life of residents, and urban planning often includes strategies that are directly or indirectly related to greening. Although numerous studies have been conducted to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of NBS, analysis of the potential effect of NBS remains insufficient. Therefore, we developed a spatial decision-making support model that optimizes the location of NBS on multiple effects (biomass density, urban heat stress mitigation, and landscape connectivity) using a Non-Sorting dominated Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Potential was assessed by comparing the NBS plan considering co-benefits with NBS strategy scenarios focused on individual objectives connectivity, biomass density, heat stress based scenario(CBS, BBS, and HBS). The model was applied to Suwon City, South Korea, demonstrating the potential of an integrated approach to maximize co-benefits simultaneously. The analysis revealed a trade-off between NBS benefits and implementation costs, with performance improvement in one objective often leading to decreased performance in others. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among the three objectives, with heat stress showing the lowest correlation. Simulations under four distinct scenarios highlighted the diverse potential arrangements of NBS and their effects. An integrated strategy demonstrated a consistently high overall value (a 221% improvement), which proved to be the most efficient approach when considering all aspects collectively. This study underscores the potential benefits of integrating multiple objectives into urban green space planning, thereby providing valuable insights for sustainable urban development.

关键词： Biodiversity

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Urban Rules and Morphology Analysis as Support to Solar Performance in Passo Fundo/RS, Brazil

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期503卷

作者： F Moscarelli G Tibério Cardoso Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism UniRitter-Laureate International Universities Porto Alegre/RS Brazil Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Passo Fundo/RS Brazil.

The expansion and densification of cities should be planned to ensure minimum health conditions for buildings. In this sense, this study is interested in the right to solar access for buildings using the analysis of solar envelope to propose urban forms that guarantee this right. The study is in the exploratory phase, and it is applied to the city of Passo Fundo, Brazil. The study started from an analysis of the pre-existing morphological structure, and the solar envelope was generated using the Ladybug tool plugins for Grasshopper and Diva applications in Rhinoceros software. The results showed that the pre-existing urban form has low solar performance, evidencing the need to review construction rules according to the pattern and positioning of lots. Thus, it is expected to be counterbalanced by the revision of urban rules, proposing subsidies for the reformulation and adequacy, or creation of new legislation.

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Architect's vision, creative process and architecture for empowerment: learning from creative process of Indonesian architects

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期213卷

作者： Tulus Widiarso Himasari Hanan Lecturer Graduate Program Department of Architecture Trisakti University Jakarta Indonesia Student Architecture Doctoral Program Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Lecturer Architecture Doctoral Program Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

In the course of architect's career, a vision of work is developed. The firm's orientation where the architect works becomes one determining factor of the vision. The vision may change over time based on their professional experiences. At some point, some architects decide to focus only on a particular project, such as architecture for empowerment. This research was conducted by analysing theoretical and empirical studies of architect's creative process. The study was done through a qualitative approach. The participating architects were chosen purposively. Exploration was conducted through deep retrospective interviews. This study aims at: (1) describing the relevance between the architect's vision and his creative process; (2) describing the proportion of combination between problem solving process and the process of self-expression in the creative process in the architecture domain; (3) describing the proportion of combination between problem solving process and self-expression process in architectural creative process for empowerment. The main findings are: (1) every architect develops a personalized creative vision. The architect's creative vision will vary the creative process, although it may not always be the dominating factor of the creative process; (2) in the creative work process, the architect may not always determine the problem solving domination or the self-expression domination as his identity; (3) in the case of architectural design for empowerment, the architect's creative process is dominated by problem solving, even it is possible for the loss of self-expression.

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