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NUCLEAR VS NONNUCLEAR ATTACK SUBMARINE POWERPLANTS

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 224-231页

作者： RAINS, DA MITCHELL, KA Dr. Dean A. Rains:is president of Decision Engineering Pascagoula Miss. He has been an active member of ASNE since 1970 a frequent contributor to the Naval Engineers Journal and a participant at ASNE Day as an author and a discusser. He was either chairman or paper chairman for several Cruiser Destroyer and Frigate Technology Symposiums held in Biloxi Miss. He is past chairman of the Pascagoula Section of ASNE. He is currently the program chairman for the Pascagoula Section. He has forty-two years engineering experience and is a graduate of the California Institute of Technology from which he received his B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. all in mechanical engineering. Kenneth A. Mitchell Jr.:is an engineer with U.S. Marine New Orleans La. He was formerly an engineer at Decision Engineering Pascagoula Miss. and has three years of engineering experience. He is an active member of ASNE. Mr. Mitchell received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of New Orleans.

The budget cuts of the 1990s have placed the Navy in a difficult position when trying to maintain neet levels capable of meeting a more dispersed and less defined threat. The cancellation of Seawolf initiated a large effort to define a suhmarine that is capable and affordable with today's shrinking budget. Manv European countries have turned to air independent (AIP), non-nuclear propulsion systems as a way of increasing the effectiveness of their fleets when compared to their current diesel/electric bouts. Bv evaluating and comparing two AIP and one hybrid propulsion systems to current nuclear capabilities, we can help define options for the next generation submarine. This paper attempts to provide design and cost information which can be used in conjunction with mission profiles to determine the best system for the desired job. Tomorrow's submarine will perform a variety of missions. Most all can be handled well bv nuclear submarines, but at what cost? These performance/cost tradeoffs are the subject of this paper.

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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A CATAMARAN CROSS‐STRUCTURE BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

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Naval Engineers Journal 1973年第1期85卷 33-42页

作者： MANSOUR, DR.A. FENTON, LCDR. PAUL H. Dr. A. Mansour an Associate Professor in the Department of Ocean Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology received his Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Cairo in 1958 and his M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of California at Berkeley in 1962 and 1966 respectively. He has had field experience and design responsibilities for about six years in the Suez Canal Authority John J. McMullen Associates Inc. and M. Rosenblatt and Son Inc. and has been with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for the past four years. During this period he contributed several technical papers and reports in the areas of structural mechanics sea loads finite element analysis of marine structures and probabilistic structural mechanics. He has been a consultant for several companies and organizations is a member of Sigma Xi and SNAME currently serving as a member of the latter's Stress Analysis and Strength of Structural Elements Panel. USN Lieutenant Commander Paul H. Fenton USN a 1964 graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy recently completed a graduate education program at M.I.T. in the field of Naval Construction and Engineering earning two degrees: Ocean Engineer and Master of Science in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. He is presently assigned to the Charleston Naval Shipyard Charleston South Carolina and has had previous duty in the U.S.S. STICKELL (DD 888) and with the Naval Support Activity Saigon.

One of the problems encountered during the design of the ASR‐21 Catamaran is the determination of the effectiveness of the cross‐structure deck plating. In this paper, this problem is examined using the Finite Element Method. The behavior of a multicell box girder representing a catamaran cross‐structure is studied. Because of the relatively low length‐to‐breadth ratio of a typical catamaran cross‐structure, the deck plating effectiveness is found to be rather small. Parametric studies are performed, and curves of the effectiveness as a function of the relevant geometric and loading parameters are presented. These curves may be helpful in the early stages of new designs. © 1973 by the American Society of Naval Engineers

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Landscape Character of Pongkor Mining Ecotourism Area

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2017年第1期91卷

作者： A Kusumoarto A Gunawan Machfud A Hikmat Doctoral Student Program Natural Resource and Environmental Management Science School of Post-Graduate Bogor Agricultural University Jl. Raya Pajajaran Bogor Indonesia 16143 Lecturer in Landscape Architecture Department Bogor Agriculture University Jl. Raya Darmaga Bogor Indonesia 16680 Lecturer in AgroIndustrial Technology Department Bogor Agriculture University Jl. Raya Darmaga Bogor Indonesia 16680. Lecturer in Conservation of Forest and Ecotourism Department Bogor Agriculture University Jl. Raya Darmaga Bogor Indonesia 16680

Pongkor Mining Ecotourism Area has a diverse landscape character as a potential landscape resources for the development of ecotourism destination. This area is part of the Mount of Botol Resort, Halimun Salak National Park (HSNP). This area also has a fairly high biodiversity. This study aims to identify and analysis the category of landscape character in the Pongkor Mining Ecotourism Area for the development of ecotourism destination. This study used a descriptive approach through field surveys and interviews, was carried out through two steps : 1) identify the landscape character, and 2) analysis of the landscape character. The results showed that in areas set aside for ecotourism destination in Pongkor Mining, landscape character category scattered forests, tailing ponds, river, plain, and the built environment. The Category of landscape character most dominant scattered in the area is forest, here is the river, plain, tailing ponds, the built environment, and plain. The landscape character in a natural environment most preferred for ecotourism activities. The landscape character that spread in the natural environment and the built environment is a potential that must be protected and modified such as elimination of incongruous element, accentuation of natural form, alteration of the natural form, intensification and enhanced visual quality intensively to be developed as a ecotourism destination area.

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ARCTIC TRAFFICABILITY program - A REVIEW

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 169-175页

作者： VOELKER, R GLEN, IF SEIBOLD, F BAYLY, I Richard Voelker:is Vice President of ARCTEC Incorporated a firm specializing in cold regions technology. He has been responsible for the management of thePolarClass Traffic-ability Program since its inception and annually participates in the field data collection in the Arctic. His prior experience includes positions with the U.S. Coast Guard in the icebreaker design project the Military Sealift Command and at Newport News Shipbuilding. He is a graduate of N. Y.S. Maritime College and has a MS degree from the University of Michigan. I.F. Glen:received his professional degrees in naval architecture from the Royal Naval Engineering College Manadon Plymouth and RN College Greenwich London entering the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors in 1967. After serving as a Constructor Lieutenant in the Royal Navy's Far East Fleet for a short period he joined the Polaris submarine project team in Bath England in 1968. In 1971 he was seconded to the Canadian Department of National Defense in Ottawa as a Constructor Lieutenant Commander under NATO exchange arrangements where he had responsibilities initially for conventional submarines and latterly for computer aided conceptual design. He ventured to Bath England in 1974 and joined Forward Design Group. In 1975 he took a position as a civilian engineer in the Canadian Defense Department and was Head of Hull Systems Engineering from 1977 to 1979. He joined ARCTEC CANADA LIMITED in 1980 and in addition to managing ice model testing projects and full scale trials has specialized in structural response of ships to ice impact. He headed ARCTEC's Kanata Laboratory from 1981 to 1983 when he was promoted to president. Frederick Seibold:is a research program manager with the Maritime Administration's Office of Advanced Ship Development and Technology. He is responsible for the marine science program which includes research in the areas of ship powering structures and propeller performance and Arctic technology. Mr. Seibold has been employed by Mar Ad since 1961 having hel

This paper describes a multiyear program to make an operational assessment on the feasibility of a year-round Arctic marine transportation system to serve Alaska. Specifically, the three objectives were to: collect meteorological and ice data along potential marine routes; instrument the hull and propulsion machinery to improve design critera for ice-worthy ships; and demonstrate that ships can operate in midwinter Alaskan Arctic ice conditions. The U.S. Coast Guard's Polar class icebreakers were used to make the operational assessment by annually extending the route northward and by operating throughout the winter season. This paper reviews some of the operational and technical achievements to date, as well as plans for future Arctic deployments.

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VISUAL EFFECTIVENESS IN MODERN WARSHIP DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第6期91卷 19-31页

作者： ROACH, JC MEIER, HA USNR Lt. John Charles Roach USNR is a former Navy Combat Artist. Assigned to the SEVENTH Fleet in Southeast Asia he served with the 3rd Naval Construction Battalion and the 32nd Construction Regiment both in Vietnam. He has studied at the National Academy of Fine Arts in Paris France and at the Stadel Institute in Frankfurt Germany. In addition he is a graduate of the University of Maryland from which he received his B.S. degree in Liberal Arts and Sciences in 1972 and the American University from which he received his Master's degree in Fine Arts in 1976. As a Lieutenant in the U.S. Naval Reserve he was assigned as Assistant Public Affairs Officer with the Military Sealift Command in 1978. He has made contributions to the MCM MSC Cable-Laying Ship (TAGOS) CGN CSGN the current DDX Project and also contributed towards the 4000 Ton Frigate Project. A Charter Member of the American Marine Artist's Society he is currently a Consultant with Spectrum Associates Inc. Mr. Herbert A. Meier was employed by the U.S. Navy from 1951 until 1976 as a Naval Architect in the offices responsible for the conceptual and preliminary design of U.S. warships. During this period he was the Project Naval Architect on several classes of U.S. Navy Combatant and Auxiliary type ships the last of which was the NIMITZ Class Aircraft Carrier. He also has been extensively involved in the design of various advanced surface ship concepts and most recently was the Senior Civilian Engineer working in support of the Comparative Naval Architecture Program since its inception in 1970. As part of this effort he attended international meetings observed foreign warships at worldwide locations reviewed available data wrote edited reports and monitored contractor effort. Currently he is the Senior Consulting Engineer for Spectrum Associates Inc. devoting much of his time to continued work in the Comparative Naval Architecture Program.

The issue discussed in this paper springs from the impression that current U.S. Navy warships are not as impressive as they could be or should be. A strong plea is made to consider the value of appearance as an aspect of deterrents and projection of national policy. Additionally, suggestions are made as to how an improved appearance may be achieved, citing for comparison specific examples of some recent U.S. and foreign warships.

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Enhancing human resilience beyond COVID-19-related stress: public responses to multi-benefits of home gardening

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Scientific Reports 2023年第1期13卷 1-12页

作者： Wu, Chen-Fa Trac, Luu Van Thong Chen, Szu-Hung Menakanit, Alisara Le, Quoc Tuan Tu, Hung-Ming Tsou, Chih-Peng Huang, Hsi-Chih Chookoh, Nittaya Weng, Chih-Cheng Chou, Li-Wei Chen, Chiu-Chuan Department of Horticulture National Chung Hsing University Taichung City 402 Taiwan Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung City 402 Taiwan International Master Program of Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung City 402 Taiwan Department of Horticulture Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University - Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Miaoli Management Office Irrigation Agency Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan Miaoli County 360 Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404332 Taiwan Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Asia University Hospital Asia University Taichung 413505 Taiwan Department of Landscape Architecture Chung Chou University of Science and Technology Changhua County 510 Taiwan

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused a public health crisis globally. Against the backdrop of global resilience, studies have demonstrated the therapeutic value of home gardening as a measure to strengthen human health. However, there is a lack of comparative studies on its benefits across countries. Studies need to examine the role of home gardening in improving public health in various societies to understand and encourage this practice broadly and effectively. We chose Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam as case studies, which have suffered substantial pandemic impacts, with millions of infections and thousands of deaths. We explored and compared the perceptions of people on home gardening and its health benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted online surveys in three countries between May 1 and September 30, 2022, with a total of 1172 participants. Data were collated on perceived pandemic stress, challenges and solutions in gardening, home gardening intentions, and mental and physical health benefits. In these countries, we found that perceived pandemic stress positively affects home gardening intentions, whereby the motivation of Vietnamese people is the highest. Challenges hinder gardening intentions, while the solutions only positively affect gardening intentions in Taiwan and Vietnam. Home gardening intentions positively affect mental and physical health, whereby there are higher mental health benefits in Taiwanese people than in Thai people. Our findings potentially support public health recovery and promote healthy lifestyles during the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023, The Author(s).

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Correction : Low carbon futures: assessing the status of decarbonisation efforts at universities within a 2050 perspective

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Energy, Sustainability and Society 2023年第1期13卷 1-2页

作者： Walter Leal Filho Diogo Guedes Vidal Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis Wim Lambrechts Claudio R. P. Vasconcelos Petra Molthan‑Hill Ismaila Rimi Abubakar Rachel M. Dunk Amanda Lange Salvia Ayyoob Sharifi European School of Sustainability Science and Research Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Ulmenliet 20 21033 Hamburg Germany Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Chester Street Manchester M11 5GD UK Department of Life Sciences Faculty of Sciences and Technology Center for Functional Ecology‑Science for People and The Planet (CFE) TERRA Associate Laboratory University of Coimbra Calçada Martim de Freitas 3000‑456 Coimbra Portugal UFP Energy Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS) University Fernando Pessoa (UFP) Praça 9 de Abril 349 4249‑004 Porto Portugal Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management Faculty of Management Open Universiteit The Netherlands (OUNL) Postbus 2960 6401 DL Heerlen The Netherlands Laboratory of Sustainability Engineering and Consumption Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil Algoritmi Research Centre School of Engineering University of Minho 4800‑058 Guimarães Portugal Business Sustainability Nottingham Trent University England UK College of Architecture and Planning Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (Formerly University of Dammam) P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan University Chester Street Manchester M1 5GD UK Graduate Program in Civil and Environment Engineering University of Passo Fundo Campus I‑BR 285 São José Passo Fundo RS 99052‑900 Brazil Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences and Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530 Japan

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THE STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS DESIGN program - ITS IMPACT ON THE FLEET

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 87-99页

作者： WIERNICKI, CJ GOODING, TG NAPPI, NS Mr. Christopher J. Wiernicki:graduated from Vanderbilt University in 1980 with a B.E. degree in Structural Engineering. Upon graduation he began his professional career at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center. As a structural engineer in the Surface Ship Structures Division Mr. Wiernicki was responsible for developing improved methods and procedures for designing and evaluating structural systems for surf ace combatants. Specific projects included design for producibility development and evaluation of automated ship structural design methods and participation in the structural design of the CG 49 Cruiser and the current DDG 51 Destroyer. In 1982 Mr. Wiernicki received his M.S. degree in Ocean Engineering from George Washington University. Mr. Wiernicki is a recipient of the SNAME 1982-82 Graduate Scholarship and is currently doing post graduate work in Naval Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology he is a member of ASNE SNAME ASCE and Chi Epsilon. Mr. Thomas G. Gooding:graduated in 1975 from the University of Michigan with B.S. degrees in Oceanography and Naval Architecture. After graduation he began his professional career at the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NA VSEC) as a structural engineer. From 1975 till 1978 Mr. Gooding worked in the area of ship dry docking and was the structural task leader on the complex overhaul ofUSS Long Beach (CGN-9). Mr. Gooding returned to the University of Michigan to receive a M.S. in Naval Architecture in 1979. Currently Mr. Gooding is the structural task leader on the DDGX/DDG 51 program at the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). Mr. Gooding is a member of SNAME and the Naval Institute. Mr. Natale S. Nappi:graduated from City College of New York in 1954 with a Bachelor of Civil Engineering and received his M.S. in Civil Engineering from Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1959. He began his professional career in 1964 at the New York Naval Shipyard as a Naval Architect (Structure) performing detail structural design and fabrication s

The structural design of a ship's section is a complicated, repetitive and time consuming task. With the advent of new technology, high speed computers have enabled the ship designer to accomplish in a matter of seconds what would formerly take days to accomplish by hand. The Structural Synthesis Design program (SSDP) is a N avy developed computer-aided design tool which is used to design (or to analyze) the longitudinal scantlings for a variety of ship cross sections, consisting of any practical combinations of decks, platforms, bulkheads and materials, i.e., various steel and aluminum alloys. The final hull section design will have the lowest practical weight for the chosen geometric configuration, structural arrangements, and imposed loadings. The scantling developed by the program will satisfy all U.S. N avy ship structural design criteria. An explanation of the objective and design elements of N avy ship structures is included. The rationale behind the SSDP design philosophy is developed along with the significant program capabilities. In an attempt to highlight the influence of automated design procedures on the current naval ship design process, the effect of the SSDP on the DDG 51 destroyer structural development is addressed.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT CARRIER DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 71-85页

作者： REIN, RJ RYAN, JC USN (RET.) Cdr. Robert J. Rein USN (Ret.)currently is the Director of Naval Support Systems for the Columbia Research Corporation Washington D. C. At the time this paper was presented he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving as the Ship Design Manager for the CVV Naval Sea Systems Command. Prior to that his duty assignments included Deputy Program Manager for the Sea Control Ship Assistant Ship Material Officer. Staff of Commander Naval Air Force U.S. Pacific Fleet and Type Desk Officer for Cruisers/Destroyers and New Construction (CG 30) at the former Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard. He is a graduate of General Motors Institute an accredited private college sponsored by the General Motors Corporation: the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. Calif.: and the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir. Va. Additionally. he has had extensive postgraduate study in Systems Management at The George Washington University. Cdr. Rein is extremely active in his support of professional engineering societies and as a member of ASNE since 1964 has been responsible for the founding of ASNE Local Sections on the west coast and presently is serving as the Society's National Assistant Secretary-Treasurer. In addition he also was the creator and coordinator for the highly successful. Society sponsored Symposium “Aircraft Carriers — Present and Future.”which was held in October 1976 at the U.S. Grant Hotel. San Diego. Calif. and was the first such Symposium jointly sponsored by an Operating Fleet command and a professional society. Mr. J. Christopher Ryanreceived his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in 1967 and his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. His initial work experience was at Litton Ship Systems where he was associated primarily with the general arrangements development of the DD 963 Class design. Subsequently. he was employed at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center with work as

Since the signing of the Contract Design Plane for the CVN 68 (the U.S. Navy's latest Class of Aircraft Carriers) In 1963, considerable technological advances have been made in Naval Ship Design. This paper provides specific examples of how new technology has affected traditional Carrier design practices and techniques, and also indicates areas where future advanced technology will be needed. It is divided into four sections: 1) Computer Design Application; 2) Total Ship Energy Conservation Analysis; 3) Advances in Structural Design; and 4) Impact of V/STOL Aircraft. The increased use of the computer to define ship characteristics in the initial stage of ship design is discussed, followed by a report on efforts to include energy conservation as an integral part of the design process. The energy conservation approach uses traditional analytical techniques to develop innovative design configurations that will achieve energy savings. Of the many advances in Carrier structural design, two specific examples are given: 1) Elimination of the infamous “knee-knockers” (high sills in passageway openings) common to Gallery Deck structure, and 2) Successful attempts at reducing the thickness of aircraft elevator platforms. The paper concludes by pointing out some possible challenges facing the ship designer and some of the technology already created by the expected introduction of advanced design Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft.

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RETROFITTING OF BULBOUS BOWS ON UNITED-STATES NAVY AUXILIARY AND AMPHIBIOUS WARSHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第6期96卷 40-51页

作者： CHUN, SK HOUGH, JJ ENGLE, AH FUNG, SC Stephen K. Chunis a graduate of the Maritime College of the State University of New York class of 1981 from which he received a B.E. degree in naval architecture and his license as a Third Assistant Engineer from the U.S. Coast Guard. Since graduation he has worked for the U.S. Navy as a naval architect with the Hull Form and Hydrodynamics Performance Division (SEA 55W3) of the Naval Sea Systems Command. Currently he is the task leader for hydrodynamic design for the DDG-51. He is also responsible for bulbous bow and appendage design for surf ace ships. Mr. Chun is a member of ASNE SNAME and ASE. Jeffrey J. Hough:is currently a naval architect with the Hull Form and Hydrodynamic Performance Division (SEA 55VV3) of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NA VSEA). In his current capacity he is a member of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Branch and is the divisional coordinator for computer supported design (CSD) technical director for the hull form design system (HFDS) Hull Engineering Group (SEA 55) assistant coordinator for CSD SEA 55 CSD coordinator for the DDG-51 contract design and SEA 55W3 project engineer for aircraft carrier/aviation support ship hydrodynamics. Mr. Hough received his B.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1978 and his M.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1979 from the University of Michigan. He began his career with the U.S. Navy in 1979 as an Engineer-in-Training in the Ship Design and Integration Directorate of NAVSEA. Prior to his current assignment Mr. Hough was the technical director responsible for the hull form and hydrodynamics energy conservation program and technical specialist for design practices for resistance and powering margins and hull form geometry. A member of ASNE since 1979 Mr. Hough is also a member of SNAME ASE and the U.S. Naval Institute. Allen H. Engleis a naval architect with the Hull Form Design and Performance Division of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his B.S. degree in engineering science from th

To meet energy conservation goals of the U.S. Navy, its attention has been focused on ways to reduce individual ship total resistance and powering requirements. One possible method of improving ship powering characteristics is by modifying existing individual ship hulls with the addition of bulbous bows. This paper will identify the merits of retrofitting bow bulbs on selected U.S. Navy auxiliary and amphibious warfare ships. A procedure for performing a cost-benefit analysis will be shown for candidate ship classes. An example of this technique for an amphibious warfare ship will also be provided. A brief discussion of future methods to be used for bulbous bow design such as application of systematic model test data and numerical hydrodynamic techniques will be given.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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