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Wind-driven rain incidence parameters obtained by hygrothermal simulation

Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2016年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Nascimento, M.L.M. Bauer, E. de Souza, J.S. Zanoni, V.A.G. Post-Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília 70910-900 DF Brazil Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília 70910-900 DF Brazil

The association of rain and wind composes wind-driven rain (WDR), and its incidence may be crucial to the emergence of anomalies on the facades of buildings. Moisture from the WDR can influence the humidification and drying process, therefore the durability and hygrothermal performance are conditioned by the amount of incident water. The quantification of WDR can be an indispensable tool for understanding its related phenomena and the service life of buildings. The most widely used methods of quantification are the semi-empirical, with theoretical basis, but coefficients partially determined from measurements. These methods may take into account the building exposure conditions related to the envelope, solar orientation, height of the building, and other parameters. In this context, in order to contribute to the studies on quantification of WDR, the purpose of this paper is to apply hygrothermal simulation software WUFI^® on quantification of WDR focusing on buildings degradation of Brasília-Brazil. For the simulation it was used a Typical Meteorological Year file with the wind and precipitation measurement data indispensable for simulation. The quantification of incidence of WDR considered the orientations North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, and Northwest. The use of semi-empirical WUFI^® quantification method allowed finding the highest values and consequently critical orientations North, Northwest, and Northeast, moreover, this results showed the relation with the degradation of facades in these orientations. WUFI proved to be an easy, fast and efficient method of WDR quantification, without hiding seasonal weather effects. © 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

关键词： Degradation Facade Hygrothermal simulation Wind-driven rain

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Decoding Segregation: Navigating a century of segregation research across disciplines and introducing a bottom-up ontology

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Netto, Vini Krenz, Kimon Fiszon, Maria Peres, Otávio Rosalino, Desirée Research Centre for Territory Transports and Environment University of Porto CITTA FEUP Portugal The Bartlett School of Architecture University College London UCL United Kingdom Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Fluminense Federal University | UFF Rio de Janeiro state Brazil Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Pelotas | UFPel Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina | UFSC Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Segregation is a widely recognised phenomenon with profound implications for societies worldwide. From political science and gender studies to anthropology and urban studies, it has garnered considerable attention across numerous scientific fields due to its multifaceted nature. However, what makes segregation such a far-reaching phenomenon? In fact, how many forms of segregation exist? Have different disciplines engaged in segregation research uncovered all its facets? This article systematically explores the landscape of segregation research spanning over a century. We analyzed 10,754 documents from the Scopus database to unveil the dynamics of the discovery of segregation forms through several findings. We identify (1) the exponential growth and increasing diversification of segregation forms, driven by combinatorial and exploratory work and increasing transdisciplinarity and intersectionality in research;(2) the evolution and structure of the field in hierarchies and clusters of segregation forms, revealing trends, persistence, and shifts over time;(3) the timing and geographical distribution of first publications on segregation forms, along with contextual variations across world regions and countries;(4) path dependencies in the historical and geographical shaping of segregation research;and (5) the structure of knowledge production. Aiming to contribute semantic organization to an increasingly complex field, we explore these findings to introduce a bottom-up ontology of segregation, marking the first comprehensive effort of its kind. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ontology

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Determination and Removal of Endocrine Disruptors in Wastewater by Activated Carbon

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Journal of Civil Engineering and architecture 2017年第7期11卷 653-662页

作者： MarceloA. Nolasco Kamila O. Guimaraes Grace Cardoso School of Arts Sciences and Humanities University of Sao Paulo-USP Sao Paulo 03828-000 Brazil Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism (PPGARQ) Meridional Faculty (IMED) Passo Fundo-RS 99070-220 Brazil

This study aimed to evaluate the EDC （endocrine disruptors compounds） in the city of Sao Paulo＇s water sources, from samples collected at predetermined sampling points and to evaluate the adsorptive capacity of these compounds in different types of activated carbon. The effects of these EDC on humans are not well established due to the necessary large exposure time for the effect＇s manifestation. After tests using powdered and granular activated carbon, all samples were filtered under vacuum using cellulose acetate membrane （0.45 μm） to remove eventual impurities, and posteriorly carded out the solid-phase extraction SPE （solid-phase extraction） and chromatographic analysis. The results lead to the conclusion that both powdered activated carbon have removal effectiveness of these compounds by adsorption. Furthermore, great amount of endocrine disruptors were found at several sampling points in river and city＇s water reservoirs, which shows different levels of pollution of water sources, some of them responsible for the watersupply of the city of Silo Paulo, Brazil.

关键词： Activated carbon endocrine disruptors adsorption solid-phase extraction chromatographic analysis micropollutants

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Adaptive control measures and thermal comfort : Input parameters for IoT devices

Adaptive control measures and thermal comfort : Input parame...

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Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI)

作者： Lumy Noda Celina Pinto Leão Solange Leder Post-graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism - PPGAU Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil Algoritmi Research Centre/LASI School of Engineering of University of Minho Guimarães Portugal Department of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

Thermal comfort can be defined as the ‘condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment.’, and adaptive control measures comprise an adjustment to indoor environmental conditions based on occupant preferences, behavior, and feedback. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) in thermal comfort and adaptive control measures has the potential to significantly improve energy efficiency and occupant comfort in buildings. The adoption of the Working-from-home modality by several institutions and companies during and after the 2020 pandemic, accelerated the development of even more advanced and effective solutions in this area. This study, in its first phase, seeks to identify input parameters related to adaptive control measures adopted by the same occupants in two work environments (office building and residences) to promote personal thermal comfort contributing to the development of individual devices and IoT applications related to thermal comfort monitoring.

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The Arckitbuilding Bricks as a Didactic Tool for Experimentation in Architectural Design： Possibilities and Limitations

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Journal of Civil Engineering and architecture 2018年第1期12卷 59-64页

作者： Frederico Braida Rafael Henriques Campos Dias Icaro Chagas da Silva Isabela Ruback Cascardo de Almeida Janaina Mendes de Castro Mariane Garcia Unanue Antonio Colchete Filho Graduate Program in Built Environment Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora 36036-900 Brazil Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora 36036-900 Brazil

This article deals with the usage of building bricks as a didactic material for the development of architectural design. The building brick game chosen for analysis was the Arckit, since it is suitable for the architectural practice. It is estimated that this game can contribute to the design, representation and presentation of projects. In order to investigate in which aspects Arckit presents possibilities of applications, as well as limitations of use, the article approaches the importance of building bricks as a didactic tool and its use in the field of the architectural design process. From a literature review and an empirical experience, this article reports a qualitative research, where the applicability of the Arckit game was checked. Through a critical reflection based on that experience, it was possible to conclude that whereas its limitations to urban form and linked to the formal vocabulary that composes the grammar of these bricks, the Arckit building bricks represent in architecture a playful and experimental way to think and design, fomenting the creativity and the spatial perception, resulting in a particular experience that can make architecture better connected with dreams and joy.

关键词： Physical model building bricks didactic tool education design architecture.

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Locating Power and Decision-Making： Social Production of Space in Juiz de Fora, Brazil

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Journal of Civil Engineering and architecture 2017年第5期11卷 494-499页

作者： Victor Nascimento Carina Cardoso Marcelo Ribeiro Tavares Mariane Garicia Unanue PatriciaMaya-Monteiro Frederico Braida Antonio Colchete Filho Department of Design History and Theory Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora 36036-900 Brazil Graduate Program in Urbanism Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941-901 Brazil Department of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Goias Goias 76600-000 Brazil Graduate Program in Urbanism Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941-901 Brazil Department of Urbanism and Environment Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 21941-901 Brazil Department of Design Representation and Technology Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora 36036-900 Brazil

This paper aims to discuss how the shaping of a city, Juiz de Fora, in Brazil, has resulted from the power of location of some social agents and from their disputes on the production of space. First, it introduces the concept of social production of space, emphasizing the role of social agents in urban processes. Then, it presents specific aspects of the history of Juiz de Fora＂ its origins and how social agents and forces have played a significant role in shaping the built environment of the city--specially represented by main streets of the city. The paper studies how the social agents, with their different visions and goals, have influenced the process of formation and development of the city. This demonstrates the complexity of the existing relationships between the built environment and the social context that is specific to the city. Different urban forces fight for city spaces, construct and modify its territory so that their needs are fulfilled. Their strength, their experiences and efforts, and their ideas of a city are inscribed in urban landscapes; in similar ways, these are revealed by the city paths we follow here.

关键词： Social production of space social agents social site constructed environment urban history.

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Impact of Urban Expansion on Superficial Water Quality in Periurban Areas

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第12期10卷 1591-1601页

作者： Adriana Schueler Vinicius Perrut dos Santos Decio Tubbs Department of Architecture and Urbanism and Post Graduate Program in Territorial Development and Public Policies Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brasil Engineering and Architecture Project Coordination from Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brasil Department of Geoscience Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Seropédica Brasil.

Economic growth promoted by large investment projects in the city of Seropédica and surrounding areas is not accompanied by a territorial planning that supports future growth scenarios. The challenge of the municipality is to prepare to have its territory fully transformed. This study aimed to establish quantitative data on the interferences that the growth model practiced has caused in its main watercourse called Val?o dos Bois. For this, its morphometric characteristics and physicochemical parameters of water quality were measured, and computational simulations of the self-purification processes were performed at various points, as well as the infiltration and precipitation processes, surface flow and leaching in four occupation scenarios of the urbanized areas of the basin, for rains with five different return periods.

关键词： Water Recourses Urban Development Computer Simulation Sanitary Sewage

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Urban Rules and Morphology Analysis as Support to Solar Performance in Passo Fundo/RS, Brazil

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期503卷

作者： F Moscarelli G Tibério Cardoso Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism UniRitter-Laureate International Universities Porto Alegre/RS Brazil Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Passo Fundo/RS Brazil.

The expansion and densification of cities should be planned to ensure minimum health conditions for buildings. In this sense, this study is interested in the right to solar access for buildings using the analysis of solar envelope to propose urban forms that guarantee this right. The study is in the exploratory phase, and it is applied to the city of Passo Fundo, Brazil. The study started from an analysis of the pre-existing morphological structure, and the solar envelope was generated using the Ladybug tool plugins for Grasshopper and Diva applications in Rhinoceros software. The results showed that the pre-existing urban form has low solar performance, evidencing the need to review construction rules according to the pattern and positioning of lots. Thus, it is expected to be counterbalanced by the revision of urban rules, proposing subsidies for the reformulation and adequacy, or creation of new legislation.

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Laminated Solid Timber Slab with Transverse Prestressing Using the Strategy of Interleaved Vertical Displacement of Lamellae

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Journal of Civil Engineering and architecture 2024年第4期18卷 186-198页

作者： Bianca Bispo dos Reis Jorge Daniel de Melo Moura Marcos Vinício de Camargo Everaldo Pletz Graduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism Londrina State UniversityJardim Portal de Versalhes 1Londrina 86057-970PRBrazil Department of Civil Engineering Federal Technological University of Paraná(UTFPR)Apucarana 86812-460PRBrazil Retired professor Department of Structural Engineering Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970PRBrazil

This article presents a study on the structural behavior of transversely prestressed laminated timber slabs,focusing on an innovative approach:vertically misaligned *** misalignment,achieved by sliding vertically the wooden lamellae rather than aligning them,enhances the slab’s cross-section moment of inertia,thereby improving load-bearing capacity and *** involved two groups of structural size specimens:one with vertically aligned lamellae(control group)and the other with misaligned lamellae(study group).Results showed the study group exhibited 42%superior stiffness and 10%less load capacity compared to the *** typically occurred individually in the lamellae,particularly in those with defects or lower modulus of elasticity,concentrated in the middle third of the slabs’free span where tensile stresses *** a higher number of failed lamellae,the study group demonstrated promising *** of prestressing bar indicated no damage at all in the thread,suggesting potential for reducing bar *** findings offer crucial insights into applying these slabs in timber construction as well as to any kind of construction.

关键词： Transversal prestressed slabs wooden construction plantation wood flexural testing design methodology

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Optimization of Acoustic Porous Material Absorbers Modeled as Rigid Multiple Microducts Networks: Metamaterial Design Using Additive Manufacturing

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mareze, Paulo Henrique Silva, Olavo M. Fonseca, William D'Andrea Brandão, Eric Brandão Godinho, Luis Manuel Cortesão Acoustical Engineering Program Federal University of Santa Maria Roraima Av. 1000 Camobi RS Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Roraima Av. 1000 Camobi RS Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Architecture Urbanism and Landscaping Federal University of Santa Maria Roraima Av. 1000 Camobi RS Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Civil Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Roraima Av. 1000 Camobi RS Santa Maria Brazil Vibration and Acoustics Laboratory Federal University of Santa Catarina Campus Universitário Florianópolis SC Trindade Brazil ISISE Department of Civil Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal

This research presents an advanced approach to enhancing sound absorption in porous acoustic metamaterials through the optimization of a micro-duct network. The study employs a combination of analytical and numerical methods, systematically adjusting micro-duct diameters within a 2D grid to optimize absorption coefficients at specific frequency bands. The Finite Element Transfer Method (FETM) is utilized for modeling, supported by a multi-objective function influenced by the surface impedance of the network. This approach ensures practical applicability and manufacturability of the designed metamaterial. A significant aspect of the study is the development of an analytical mobility matrix for each micro-duct, integrated through the Transfer Matrix Method with visco-thermal dissipation theory. This integration results in a physically coherent model. The optimization employs the Method of Moving Asymptotes (MMA), effectively managing the complexity associated with a large number of design variables. Subsequently, the optimized structure is adapted into a 3D grid, facilitating prototype creation using Additive Manufacturing Technology (AMT) with a specific polymer material. The research methodology is validated through four distinct test cases, each demonstrating the efficacy and adaptability of the optimization tools and techniques. Experimental validation, conducted using an impedance tube, indicates a significant shift in the first absorption maximum from 2500 Hz to 1000 Hz, achieved without altering the material thickness. Additional validation through 3D Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling, which includes viscothermal effects, further confirms the acoustic efficiency of the final designs. While the potential for achieving lower sub-wavelength conditions is recognized, the study opts for simpler structures, considering the current limitations of 3D printing technology. This study contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical application in acoustic m

关键词： Ducts

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