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33rd Annual Meeting of the cognitive science Society: Expanding the Space of cognitive science, CogSci 2011

作者： Protopapas, Athanassios Markatou, Artemis Department of Philosophy and History of Science University of Athens AthensGR-157 71 Greece Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens AthensGR-157 71 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9780976831877

Stroop interference is characterized by strong asymmetry between word and color naming such that the former is faster and interferes with the latter but not vice versa. This asymmetry is attributed to differential experience with naming in the two dimensions, i.e., words and colors. Here we show that training on a visual-verbal paired associate task equivalent to color and shape naming leads to strongly asymmetric interference patterns. 28 adults practiced naming colors and novel shapes, one dimension more extensively (10 days) than the other (2 days), using nonsense syllables. Despite equal training, color naming was strongly affected by shape even after extensive practice, whereas shape naming was more resistant to interference. To reconcile these findings with theoretical accounts of interference, reading may be conceptualized as involving visual-verbal associations akin to "shape naming." An inherent advantage for naming shapes may provide an evolutionary substrate for the invention and development of reading. © CogSci 2011.

关键词： Color

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Modeling Impairments in Lexical Development 38

Modeling Impairments in Lexical Development

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38th Annual Meeting of the cognitive science Society: Recognizing and Representing Events, CogSci 2016

作者： Vinos, Michael Andrikopoulou, Angeliki Papaeliou, Christina F. Protopapas, Athanassios Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens Greece Department of Philosophy and History of Science University of Athens Greece Department of Preschool Education and Educational Planning University of the Aegean Rhodes Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9780991196739

We implemented the connectionist model of social-pragmatic word learning (Caza & Knott, 2012) to test the hypothesis that reduced joint attention between infant and mother would increase the difference in acquisition between nouns and verbs as observed in Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The ratio of objects to actions in the observed event stream was manipulated to create an original noun-verb asymmetry. Ten simulations were run for each of the combinations of three conditions of communicative reliability and two conditions of unfiltered random associative learning, which is regarded by some researchers as the primary mechanism of language learning in ASD. The simulations indicated that the reduction in the reliability of communicative actions does not lead to increased noun-verb asymmetry within the originally planned training epochs. A trend in the predicted direction appeared toward the end of training, suggesting that further simulations may help resolve the issue within the current architecture. © 2016 Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the cognitive science Society, CogSci 2016. All rights reserved.

关键词： ASD associative learning bootstrapping connectionist model joint attention lexical development noun-verb asymmetry SLI social-pragmatic approach

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Gradual learning of science in a CSCL environment and the quest of epistemologically sophisticated learners

Gradual learning of science in a CSCL environment and the qu...

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International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： A. Mol C. Stathopoulou V.P. Kollias S. Vosniadou Cognitive Science Laboratory Graduate Program of Basic and Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens (NKUA) Ilisia Greece

We have implemented an instructional design for teaching mechanics that combines a Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) environment with traditional instruction. We detected superior performance compared with traditional teaching alone and found evidence in favor of the position that certain kinds of epistemological beliefs held by students can inhibit the full realization of CSCL environments' potential. Our research points to the need of addressing instructionally students' epistemological beliefs in order to increase the efficiency of many modern learning environments.

关键词： Collaborative work cognitive science Education Robustness Electronic mail Computer aided instruction Psychology Resists Testing Computer science

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A connectionist semantic network modeling the influence of category member distance on induction strength 13

A connectionist semantic network modeling the influence of c...

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13th International Conference on cognitive Modeling, ICCM 2015

作者： Vinos, Michael Tsilionis, Efthymios Protopapas, Athanassios Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens Ano Ilissia University Campus ZografosGR-15771 Greece Department of Philosophy and History of Science University of Athens Ano Ilissia University Campus ZografosGR-15771 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9789036777636

We present a model for inductive inference when both the premises and the conclusion are categorical. The phenomenon under investigation is that less similar categories in the premises lead to stronger conclusions. The model is based on the Rumelhart semantic connectionist network (Rogers & McClelland, 2004, 2008). Simulations addressed the main phenomenon and nine additional non-trivial phenomena of categorical induction (from Osherson, Smith, Wilkie, Lopez, & Shafir, 1990), providing support to the majority of the hypotheses. © Proceedings of ICCM 2015 - 13th International Conference on cognitive Modeling.

关键词： Semantics

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Towards a knowledge-based free-text response assessment system

Towards a knowledge-based free-text response assessment syst...

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IADIS International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age, CELDA 2008

作者： Blitsas, Panagiotis Grigoriadou, Maria Interdisciplinary Program of Graduate Studies in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimioupolis Ilissia Athens 15784 Greece Department of Informatics and Telecommunications National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimioupolis Ilissia Athens 15784 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781627483339

In the present work, the architecture of a knowledge-based free-text response assessment system is presented, which can assess free-text responses on open-ended questions based on text comprehension theories. Its main advantages are the facts of extending the knowledge base and assessing responses on questions of different types. It is constituted from three basic modules: The first module is the Normalization Module (NoM), which is responsible for converting free-text responses into normalized responses, as well as, converting technical text into "functional system". The second module is the Functional System Module (FSM), which depicts all entities of a technical text and the relations among them, and is presented, by the representation of microstructure and macrostructure of a Computer Networks domain technical text, according to Denhiere-Baudet Text Comprehension Model. The third module is the Assessment Module (AM), responsible for assessing the normalized responses. It is based on data, obtained by experimental studies on microstructure and macrostructure, constructed by secondary school students, during reading technical texts and responding to questions.

关键词： Microstructure

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On the development of robotic enhanced learning environments

On the development of robotic enhanced learning environments

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IADIS International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age, CELDA 2009

作者： Frangou, Stassini Papanikolaou, Kyparisia A. Dept. of Philosophy and History of Science Interdisciplinary Program of Graduate Studies in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science Panepistimiopolis GR-15784 Athens Greece Department of Education School of Pedagogical and Technological Education GR141 21 N. Heraklion Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781627483346

Educational robotics are learning and teaching tools which can effectively promote exploratory learning and investigative work within several disciplines as science, Technology and Design, Mathematics. The potential of these technologies can be developed within a learner-centered environment based on the constructivist approach. Besides building and programming autonomous robots is an ideal context to situate a project-based learning experience where learners work collaboratively to understand the problem, propose viable solutions and construct their artifacts. In this paper we propose a methodology for developing robotic enhanced projects that promote students' active involvement and knowledge construction. We also present indicative incidents from the implementation of a project in a real school environment. Preliminary evaluation results provide evidence on the educational potential of robotics and the effectiveness of the methodology in the development of a learning environment where learners are actively involved constructing meaningful artifacts.

关键词： Robot programming

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Word Reading Practice Reduces Stroop Interference in Children 35

Word Reading Practice Reduces Stroop Interference in Childre...

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35th Annual Meeting of the cognitive science Society - Cooperative Minds: Social Interaction and Group Dynamics, CogSci 2013

作者： Ziaka, Laoura Moirou, Despοina Vlahou, Eleni L. Protopapas, Athanassios Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens Ano Ilissia University Campus ZografosGR-15771 Greece Clinical and Biological Psychology Institute of Psychology Education University of Ulm Ulm89069 Germany Department of Philosophy & History of Science MITHE Ano Ilissia University Campus ZografosGR-15771 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9780976831891

Stroop interference is often explained by an automaticity account, according to which it arises due to more extensive practice in reading than in color naming. Here we investigated the effect on interference of isolated practice in color naming (of incongruent and neutral stimuli) and in word reading (of color names) in adults and children in Grades 4-5. In both groups interference was reduced after practicing color naming of incongruent stimuli. For children, interference was also reduced after practice in word reading of color names. In neither group was interference diminished after practice in color naming of neutral stimuli. These findings are consistent with a negative relationship between reading ability and interference and challenge the automaticity account. © CogSci *** rights reserved.

关键词： Color

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The Perception of Integrated Events in Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Semantic Relatedness and Timing

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral sciences 2014年 126卷 212-213页

作者： Venetia Bakirtzi Argiro Vatakis Post-Graduate Program in Basic & Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens Ano Ilisia Athens 15771 Greece Cognitive Systems Research Institute (CSRI) 7 Makedonomachou Prantouna Str. Athens 11525 Greece

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) has been associated with impaired multisensory processing, however research on the topic has been inconclusive. For instance, research on the synchrony perception of complex stimuli has shown that children with ASD have impaired integration of audiovisual speech (e.g., a woman counting or telling a story) but normal non speech integration (e.g., a ball moving through a series of plastic ramps and cliffs; Bebko et al., 2006 ), while research on adult ASD patients has shown impaired integration for both speech (e.g., syllables) and non speech events (e.g., flash-beeps, handclap; de Boer- Schellekens et al., 2013). Studies utilizing simple stimuli and illusory paradigms such as the double-flash illusion have suggested that individuals with ASD exhibit an extended temporal integration window as compared to healthy participants ( Foss-Feig et al., 2010 , Kwakye et al., 2011 ), while others have shown no such effect (e.g., Van der Smagt et al., 2007 ). It is as yet unclear, therefore, whether or not individuals with ASD have impaired integration mechanisms and whether this impairment is due to the stimuli presented (simple vs. complex; social vs. non social), the population used (adult vs. children, severity of symptoms), and/or the tasks utilized (e.g., preferential looking paradigm vs. temporal order judgments). Additionally, it is as yet unclear whether individuals with ASD are impaired in terms of timing or binding per se (e.g., Freeman et al., 2013 ). In order to elucidate this issue, we aim to further examine the nature of these deficits through a well-formed group of children with similar symptom severity and two types of tasks. Initially, using a reaction time (RT) task, we will assess the audiovisual integration capabilities of children with ASD as compared to typically developing (TD) children without the involvement of timing (i.e., no timing differences will be introduced). According to the ‘unity effect’, a multisensory event i

关键词： Autism spectrum disorders Audiovisual perception Multisensory processing Unity assumption Synchrony perception

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Synthesis of coral-like structures of Pr-Yb co-doped YIG: Structural,optical, magnetic and antimicrobial properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 543-554,I0004页

作者： A.Fernandez Francisca P.Araujo Y.Guerra S.Castro-Lopes J.Matilla-Arias Idglan S.de Lima Edson C.Silva-Filho Josy A.Osajima F.Guerrero R.Pena-Garcia Federal University of Piau Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringTeresinaPIBrazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo AgostinhoCabo de Santo AgostinhoPEBrazil Federal University of Piaui Department of PhysicTeresinaPBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Graduate Program in Materials ScienceRecifePEBrazil University of Granma Departmentof Basic Sciences and Applied InformaticsFaculty of Technical SciencesBayamoCuba Federal University of Amazonas Department of PhysicManausAMBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Department of PhysicRecifePEBrazil

Coral-like structures of the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12),(0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, 0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.02) compound were synthesized using the sol-gel method. Structural investigation certified the YIG cubic crystal structure formation, without any secondary phase. It is shown that, the relatively large ionic radius of the dopant cations results in an expansion of the lattice parameter, variations in the Iona-O-Iondangle, Iona-O,Iond-O and Ionc-O bond distances and decrease in the average crystallite size. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and Raman measurements are essential to testify the single-phase formation of YIG crystal structure and are observed changes in the stretching and vibrational modes, respectively. The morphological study, energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) spectra and textural properties show corallike structures, peaks associated with Pr^(3+) and Yb^(3+) atoms and the effect of dopants on surface area,diameter, and pore volume, respectively. The optical analysis from diffuse reflectance spectra witnessed an increase in the optical gap band, a decrease in Urbach energy and blue shift in the charge transfer,correlated with the expansion of the unit cell due to the dopant's insertion in the YIG structure. A typical ferrimagnetic behavior is exhibited by the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12)compound. The saturation magnetization(M_(s)), cubic anisotropy constant(K_(1)) and coercive field(H_(c)) increase with the Pr^(3+)cations content, as consequence of their magnetic nature and distribution around of Fe^(3+)ions due to the coexistence with the Yb^(3+). Finally, for the first time, antibacterial tests by mean of the direct contact method were performed for YIG co-doped with Pr^(3+)and Yb^(3+)and it is shown that, relatively high dosages of Pr^(3+) cations favored the activity against S. aureus, therefore, a new biological property for YIG doped with rare earths is presented.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet(YIG) Coral-like structures Rare earths Band gap energy Magnetic properties Antimicrobial properties

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Design and evaluation of a cache memory simulation program

Design and evaluation of a cache memory simulation program

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International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： M. Grigoriadou M. Toula E. Kanidis Department of Informatics and Telecommunications University of Athens (NKUA) Greece InterUniversity Program of Basic and Applied Cognitive Science Athens Greece

We present the results of the evaluation we carried out concerning the cache memory simulation programs available on the Internet. We also present the results of a research, which we conducted, concerning students' understanding of the cache memory internal operation and implementation and the role of the cache memory in the communication between the CPU and the main memory. Based on the evaluation results and the research results, we designed a cache memory simulation program, which implements a realistic model of the cache operation. The main results of the program's evaluation pointed out that, after using the simulation program the students had a better understanding of the cache memory operations (identification, placement, replacement) for a direct mapped cache and a set associative cache.

关键词： Cache memory Computational modeling Internet Informatics Computer simulation cognitive science Computer architecture System performance Computer science

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