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ISOLATION OF AN INTERCELLULAR MATRIX RNA-PROTEIN COMPLEX DURING ODONTOGENESIS

JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH 1971年第5期50卷 1065-+页

作者： CROISSANT, RD Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry and The Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90007 USA

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A SPECIFIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ALDOTETROSES

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ANALYTICAL biochemistry 1965年第3期13卷 448-+页

作者： GIUDICI, TA FLUHARTY, AL Graduate Program in Biochemistry University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA

An assay procedure specific for the aldotetroses and applicable over a 5- to 200-[mu]g range has been described. It is based on the development of a compound with a 524-m[mu] absorption maximum when the four-carbon sugars are reacted with phenol in hot concentrated sulfuric acid solution. The reaction conditions are a modification of those previously described for the assay of pentoses and hexoses by the phenol-sulfuric acid technique. The assay conditions described can also be utilized for the assay of these higher sugars simply by altering the level of phenol present and the wavelength employed for the determination. It is also possible to assay aldotetroses in the presence of equivalent levels of hexose or pentose with little interference and to assay the longer chain sugars in the presence of tetrose with only moderate interference. A number of reaction parameters have been studied, and the behavior of several compounds related to the four-carbon sugars under these assay conditions has been described.

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PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES IN SEA URCHIN EGGS - CHARACTERIZATION, LOCALIZATION AND ACTIVITY BEFORE AND AFTER FERTILIZATION

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JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY 1970年第1期76卷 23-&页

作者： KRISCHER, KN CHAMBERS, EL Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Miami P.O. Box 875 Biscayne Annex Miami Florida 33152

The pH versus proteinase activity curve (casein or hemoglobin plus urea substrate) for homogenates of unfertilized Lytechinus eggs reveals two regions of maximum activity: one between pH 3.5 and 4.3, and another of far greater magnitude from pH 8.0 to 11.0. The two classes of proteinases can be separated on a sucrose density gradient. Both the acid and alkaline proteinases in homogenates prepared in isotonic monovalent salt solutions are remarkably stable at pH 7.4 and 0°C. Using synthetic peptide substrates, an enzyme with the specific esterase activity of chymotrypsin was demonstrated; this enzyme accounts for the major part of the proteinase activity at alkaline pH. In addition, an enzyme with specific esterase activity of trypsin was shown to be present, but of low activity. The proteinase activity at acid pH is largely due to an enzyme resembling cathepsin D. The data also suggest the presence of cathepsin B and cathepsin IV (or catheptic carboxypeptidase). When eggs are homogenized in isotonic NaCl plus KCl at pH 7.4, 0.02 M tris buffer at 0°C, all of the alkaline proteinase, and 85–90% of the acid proteinase activity is sedimented at 10,000 g. The presence of any proteinase activity in the supernatant phase represents an artifact of the preparative procedures used. The granules which possess the proteinase activity are contained entirely in the yolk fractions; and the acid proteinase is contained in a population of granules which sediment more readily than those which contain the alkaline proteinase. The acid proteinase resembles the lysosomal acid hydrolases in that it is readily released from the particulates; in contrast, the alkaline proteinase is bound relatively firmly. In contradistinction to reports in the literature, no changes in proteinase activity nor intracellular distribution could be detected following fertilization.

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Itaconate promotes the differentiation of murine stress erythroid progenitors by increasing Nrf2 activity

Blood Red Cells & Iron

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Blood Red Cells & Iron 2025年第1期1卷

作者： Baiye Ruan Yuanting Chen Sara Trimidal Meghna Chakraborty Aashka Shah Hangdi Gong Imhoi Koo Jingwei Cai John Mcguigan Molly A. Hall Andrew D. Patterson K. Sandeep Prabhu Robert F. Paulson Graduate Program in Pathobiology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park PA Graduate Program in Molecular Cellular and Integrative Bioscience Pennsylvania State University University Park PA Graduate Program in Biochemistry Microbiology and Molecular Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Pennsylvania State University University Park PA Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease Pennsylvania State University University Park PA

Abstract Steady-state erythropoiesis produces new erythrocytes at a constant rate to replace senescent erythrocytes removed in the spleen and liver. Inflammation caused by infection or tissue damage skews bone marrow hematopoiesis, increasing myelopoiesis at the expense of steady-state erythropoiesis. To compensate for the loss of production, stress erythropoiesis is induced. Stress erythropoiesis is highly conserved between mice and humans. It uses a strategy different to the constant production of steady-state erythropoiesis. Inflammatory signals promote the proliferation of immature stress erythroid progenitors (SEPs), which then commit to differentiation. This transition relies on signals made by niche macrophages in response to erythropoietin. Nitric oxide–dependent signaling drives the proliferation of SEPs, and nitric oxide production must be decreased so that progenitor cells can differentiate. Here, we show that as progenitor cells transition to differentiation, increased production of the anti-inflammatory metabolite itaconate activates nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2, which decreases nitric oxide synthase 2 expression, leading to decreased nitric oxide production. Mutation of immunoresponsive gene 1, the enzyme that catalyzes the production of itaconate, causes a delayed recovery from inflammatory anemia induced by heat-killed Brucella abortus . These data show that the differentiation of SEPs relies on a switch to an anti-inflammatory metabolism and increased expression of proresolving cytokines.

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Enantiomeric Excess Bupivacaine in a Lavender Oil NLC Tested in a Melanoma Model: Prolonged Release and Anticancer Effect

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Molecular Pharmaceutics 2025年 2025 May 1页

作者： Geronimo, Gabriela Rodrigues da Silva, Gustavo H. de Moura, Ludmilla D. de Carvalho, Fabíola V. Mendonça, Talita C. Olivo, Laura B. Verlindo de Araújo, Bibiana Dalla Costa, Teresa C. Lavareze, Luccas Mariano, Fernanda V. de Paula, Eneida Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas UNICAMP SP Campinas 13083-862 Brazil Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials SP Campinas 13083-970 Brazil Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul─UFRGS RS Porto Alegre 90610-000 Brazil Department of Pathology Faculty of Medical Sciences UNICAMP SP Campinas 13083-888 Brazil

Recent studies have highlighted the potential of local anesthetics (LA) as adjuvants in cancer treatment, specifically by increasing survival rates when used in surgical excisions. However, the clinical use of LA is restricted due to their systemic toxicity. The development of drug delivery systems could address this issue and advance the utilization of these molecules. In this research, we explored the pharmacokinetics (using microdialysis probes) and antitumor properties of a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulation containing the commercially available enantiomeric excess form of bupivacaine (BVC_S75). This NLC was prepared with lavender oil (NLC-L-BVC), an excipient with inherent antitumor properties. We compared this formulation to a control (NLC-BVC) using synthetic lipids. Pharmacokinetic assessments of the NLCs confirmed the sustained release of BVC_S75 within the tumor, characterized by a reduced elimination rate constant and longer half-life (∼6×). The encapsulation of BVC_S75 within nanoparticles (whether natural or synthetic) enhanced its effectiveness in treating the primary tumor, resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth (70% with NLC-L-BVC and 72% with NLC-BVC), outperforming free BVC (17% inhibition). However, the association of lavender oil with BVC_S75 in an NLC did not yield synergistic properties. Furthermore, all BVC_S75 treatments (whether free or encapsulated) improved animal survival rates. These findings confirm that encapsulation of bupivacaine in NLC can prolong drug action at the local site, contributing to improved local antitumor therapy while mitigating systemic effects. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： bupivacaine drug delivery lavender oil melanoma nanostructured lipid carriers

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Swimming into the future: Machine learning in zebrafish behavioral research

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Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 2025年 139卷 111398页

作者： Fontana, Barbara D. Canzian, Julia Rosemberg, Denis B. Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of Santa Maria RS Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry Federal University of Santa Maria RS Santa Maria Brazil The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) Slidell LA United States

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a powerful organism in behavioral neuroscience, offering invaluable insights into the neural circuits and molecular pathways underlying complex behaviors. Although the knowledge of zebrafish behavioral repertoire is expanding rapidly, fundamental questions regarding complex behaviors remain poorly explored. Recent advances in machine learning offer potential for enhancing zebrafish behavioral analysis, enabling more precise, scalable, and unbiased assessments when compared to the traditional method. Thus, machine learning automates tracking and pattern recognition, uncovering new behavioral phenotypes and streamlining analysis typically manually assessed. Here, we highlight the potential use of machine learning tools in zebrafish-based models uncovering nuanced behavioral phenotypes to accelerate discoveries in translational neurobehavioral research, addressing the challenges and ethical considerations in the field. We emphasize that associating machine learning with zebrafish behavioral research, significant advances to elucidate neural and molecular mechanisms driving complex behaviors are expected. Collectively, the progressive refinement of these methods by enabling more detailed and efficient analysis will not only enhance the utility of zebrafish in translational neuroscience, but also contribute to develop more effective models of human disorders and in the search of potential neuroprotective strategies. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Computational behavioral modeling Deep learning Neural networks Translational neuroscience Zebrafish

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Microchannel immunoassays with electrochemical detection in devices constructed from low temperature co-fired ceramic and screen printed gold

Microchannel immunoassays with electrochemical detection in ...

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2005 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show - NSTI Nanotech 2005

作者： Fakunle, Eyitayo S. O. Fritsch, Ingrid Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 727201

ISBN: (纸本)0976798506

We report a self-contained electrochemical enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in microchannel devices constructed from low temperature co-fired ceramic with screen-printed gold for fast and sensitive assays. No one has previously reported a device constructed from these materials for combined immobilization and electrochemical detection. These low temperature co-fired ceramic microchannel devices used for electrochemical immunoassay contain four integrated, individually-addressable screen-printed gold electrodes. The total channel volume is under 0.8 μl. The entire immunoassembly and electrochemical detection is carried out within the microchannel device-using mouse IgG as the model analyte and electrochemical detection of p-aminophenol is possible within 15 s of introducing the enzyme substrate, p-aminophenyl phosphate into the microchannel ELISA.

关键词： Bioassay

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Inclusion of essential oils in a calf milk replacer and their effects on growth performance and the immune and oxidative systems

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Comparative Clinical Pathology 2024年第2期33卷 327-335页

作者： Nora, Luisa Giacomelli, Charles Marcon Deolindo, Guilherme Luiz Molosse, Vitor Luiz Copetti, Priscila M. Bissacotti, Bianca F. Morsch, Vera M. da Silva, Aleksandro Schafer Postgraduate Program in Animal Science State University of Santa Catarina Chapecó Brazil Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil

The use of essential oils in animal feed is increasing, but it needs to be applicable. This study determined whether a reformulated milk replacer containing a blend of essential oils composed of cinnamon, oregano, and eucalyptus improves suckling calves’ immune and oxidative systems, consequently improving productive performance. Sixteen Holstein calves (ten days old) suckled for 60 days. The animals were divided into a control group (n = 8), which received the commercial milk replacer, and a treatment group (n = 8), which received a milk replacer containing oils. The animals were fed twice daily with 0.25 kg of milk replacer diluted in two liters of water at each feeding. The milk replacer in the treatment group contained 5 g of additive per kg. The milk replacer containing essential oils had a strong aroma and odor and consequently was rejected by two calves in the treatment group. These animals were withdrawn from the experiment after five days of attempting to adapt them. The calves also received pelleted concentrate from the beginning of the experiment and chopped hay from 28 days onwards (both ad libitum). The treatment group showed more weight gain and feed efficiency than control animals. Lower lymphocyte counts were observed in calves fed milk replacers containing essential oils. Total serum protein was higher due to increased globulins in calves in the treatment group than in the control group. Serum immunoglobulin A and heavy-chain immunoglobulins were higher in the treatment group. Lower levels of lipid peroxidation and higher total antioxidants were observed in the serum of calves in the treatment group. We conclude that some animals may not adapt to the milk replacer containing essential oils due to the odor;however, the calves that consumed the milk containing the essential oils showed stimulated humoral immune responses that minimized the physiological oxidative stress of the rearing phase and consequently favored growth and weight gain. © 2024, The

关键词： 1,8-Cyneol Antioxidants Carvacrol Cinnamaldehyde Thymol

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DWnt4 regulates the dorsoventral specificity of retinal projections in the Drosophila melanogaster visual system (vol 9, pg 67, 2006)

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NATURE NEUROSCIENCE 2006年第2期9卷 292-292页

作者： Sato, M Umetsu, D Murakami, S Yasugi, T Tabata, T Laboratory of Morphogenesis Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences University of Tokyo Yayoi Bunkyo Tokyo Japan Graduate Program in Biophysics and Biochemistry Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan

InDrosophila melanogaster, the axons of retinal photoreceptor cells extend to the first optic ganglion, the lamina, forming a topographic representation. Here we show that DWnt4, a secreted protein of the Wnt family, is the ventral cue for the lamina. InDWnt4mutants, ventral retinal axons misprojected to the dorsal ***4was normally expressed in the ventral half of the developing lamina and DWnt4 protein was detected along ventral retinal ***2anddishevelled, respectively, encode a receptor and a signaling molecule required for Wnt signaling. Mutations in both genes causedDWnt4-like defects, and both genes were autonomously required in the retina, suggesting a direct role of DWnt4 in retinal axon guidance. In contrast,iroquoishomeobox genes are the dorsal cues for the retina. Dorsal axons accumulated DWnt4 and misprojected to the ventral lamina iniroquoismutants; the phenotype was suppressed iniroquois Dfrizzled2mutants, suggesting thatiroquoismay attenuate the competence of Dfrizzled2 to respond to ***: The PDF version of this article was corrected on 05 January 2006. Please see the PDF for details.

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Mapping mutations in prostate cancer exomes

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第6期14卷 801-802页

作者： Benjamin Sunkel Qianben Wang Ohio State Biochemistry Graduate Program The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH 43210 USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and the Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus. OH 43210. USA

C omprehensive identification of driver mutations in prostate cancer can serve to enhance our understanding of the disease and expand the use of available treatment options. Two recent and comple- mentary studies from...

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