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A flexible liposomal polymer complex as a platform of specific and regulable immune regulation for individual cancer immunotherapy

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Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research 2023年第1期42卷 29-29页

作者： Chen, Chia-Hung Weng, Tzu-Han Huang, Hsiao-Hsuan Huang, Ling-Ya Huang, Kai-Yao Chen, Pin-Rong Yeh, Kuang-Yu Huang, Chi-Ting Chien, Yu-Tzu Chuang, Po-Ya Lin, Yu-Ling Tsai, Nu-Man Liu, Shih-Jen Su, Yu-Cheng Weng, Shun-Long Liao, Kuang-Wen Department of Medical Research Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital Hsinchu City 30071 Taiwan Department of Dermatology MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei City 10449 Taiwan Industrial Development Graduate Program of College of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City 30068 Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City 30068 Taiwan Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City 25245 Taiwan Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City 30068 Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City 30068 Taiwan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung City 40201 Taiwan Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung City 40201 Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli 350401 Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital Hsinchu City 30071 Taiwan MacKay Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management Taipei City 11260 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City 80708 Taiwan College of Dental Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University School of Dentistry Kaohsiung City 80708 Taiwan Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences National Cheng Kung University Tainan City 70101 Taiwan Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City 30068 Taiwan

Background: The applicability and therapeutic efficacy of specific personalized immunotherapy for cancer patients is limited by the genetic diversity of the host or the tumor. Side-effects such as immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) derived from the administration of immunotherapy have also been observed. Therefore, regulatory immunotherapy is required for cancer patients and should be developed. Methods: The cationic lipo-PEG-PEI complex (LPPC) can stably and irreplaceably adsorb various proteins on its surface without covalent linkage, and the bound proteins maintain their original functions. In this study, LPPC was developed as an immunoregulatory platform for personalized immunotherapy for tumors to address the barriers related to the heterogenetic characteristics of MHC molecules or tumor associated antigens (TAAs) in the patient population. Here, the immune-suppressive and highly metastatic melanoma, B16F10 cells were used to examine the effects of this platform. Adsorption of anti-CD3 antibodies, HLA-A2/peptide, or dendritic cells’ membrane proteins (MP) could flexibly provide pan-T-cell responses, specific Th1 responses, or specific Th1 and Th2 responses, depending on the host needs. Furthermore, with regulatory antibodies, the immuno-LPPC complex properly mediated immune responses by adsorbing positive or negative antibodies, such as anti-CD28 or anti-CTLA4 antibodies. Results: The results clearly showed that treatment with LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes activated specific Th1 and Th2 responses, including cytokine release, CTL and prevented T-cell apoptosis. Moreover, LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes could eliminate metastatic B16F10 melanoma cells in the lung more efficiently than LPPC/MP. Interestingly, the melanoma resistance of mice treated with LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes would be reversed to susceptible after administration with LPPC/MP/CTLA4 complexes. NGS data revealed that LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes could enhance the gene expression of cytokine and chemokine pathways to st

关键词： Costimulatory molecules Immunotherapy LPPC personalized cancer therapy Tumor heterogenicity

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Persistence and dynamic structures of diverse cephalosporinase genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella in cross-sectional surveillance in Taiwan

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International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2023年第4期62卷 106944-106944页

作者： Lee, Yuarn-Jang Chang, Yu-Chu Lee, I-Hui Ho, Kuo-Hao Fang, Shiuh-Bin Lauderdale, Tsai-Ling Chen, Ting-Wen Chen, Ku-Chung Huang, Chih-Hung Huang, Tzu-Wen Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Pediatrics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Medical Research Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Institute of Chemical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

Objectives: Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a major foodborne pathogen causing from acute gastroenteritis to bacteraemia, particularly in paediatric and elderly patients. Antimicrobial resistance of NTS, especially resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, has emerged over the past decades. Methods: Thirteen NTS isolates resistant to ceftriaxone or cefotaxime were collected from a teaching hospital in Taipei, and another three from a tertiary hospital, in New Taipei City, Taiwan, from September 2018 to December 2019. Ten other archived isolates from 2000 to 2017 were also obtained. Complete genomes of the 26 isolates were obtained. Serovars, sequence types, resistomes, genetic relatedness, and sequence comparison of plasmids were analyzed. Results: Serogroups B, C2 and E were significantly associated with ampicillin resistance. Over 90% of these 26 isolates are susceptible to carbapenems and colistin. Genomic epidemiology of these isolates shows that bla_CMY-2-harbouring isolates in different serovars were prevalent over two decades, presumably resulting from highly mobile IncI1 plasmid harbouring bla_CMY-2. One type of the IncI1 plasmids contained a mobile element, IS26, which might be involved in the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes. Two emerging serovars, S. Goldcoast ST358 harbouring bla_CTX-M-55 on IncHI2 plasmids and S. Anatum ST64 harbouring bla_DHA-1 on IncA/C₂ plasmids persisted in Taiwan, possibly through the clonal spread. Integration of complete or partial plasmid sequences into host chromosomes or multiplications of the antimicrobial resistance genes also appears to be mediated by IS26, in the two emerging clones. Conclusion: The dynamic movement of cephalosporinase genes mediated by IS26 in NTS is of great concern. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Amplification Chromosome integration Epidemiology Foodborne pathogen Insertion sequence Whole-genome sequencing

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Anethole mitigates H2O2-induced inflammation in HIG-82 synoviocytes by suppressing the aquaporin 1 expression and activating the protein kinase A pathway

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第2期39卷 965-978页

作者： Huang, Tai-Lung Chang, Yu-Chun Tsai, Bruce Chi-Kang Chen, Tung-Sheng Kao, Shih-Wen Tsai, Yung-Yun Lin, Shinn-Zong Yao, Chun-Hsu Lin, Kuan-Ho Kuo, Wei-Wen Huang, Chih-Yang Department of Biological Science and Technology College of Life Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Chung-Kang Branch Cheng Ching General Hospital Taichung Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan School of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Physical Therapy Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Bioinnovation Center Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Biomaterials Translational Research Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan Center of General Education Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology Hualien Taiwan

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting approximately 1% of the global population, with a higher prevalence in women than in men. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of RA. Anethole, a prominent compound derived from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), possesses a spectrum of therapeutic properties, including anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tumor-suppressive effects. However, its specific impact on RA remains underexplored. This study sought to uncover the potential therapeutic value of anethole in treating RA by employing an H2O2-induced inflammation model with HIG-82 synovial cells. Our results demonstrated that exposure to H2O2 induced the inflammation and apoptosis in these cells. Remarkably, anethole treatment effectively countered these inflammatory and apoptotic processes triggered by H2O2. Moreover, we identified the aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and protein kinase A (PKA) pathway as critical regulators of inflammation and apoptosis. H2O2 stimulation led to an increase in the AQP1 expression and a decrease in p-PKA-C, contributing to cartilage degradation. Conversely, anethole not only downregulated the AQP1 expression but also activated the PKA pathway, effectively suppressing cell inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, anethole also inhibited the enzymes responsible for cartilage degradation. In summary, our findings highlight the potential of anethole as a therapeutic agent for mitigating H2O2-induced inflammation and apoptosis in synovial cells, offering promising prospects for future RA treatments. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Cell death

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Environmental and host factors underlying tick-borne virus infection in wild animals: Investigation of the emerging Yezo virus in Hokkaido, Japan

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Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 2024年第6期15卷 102419页

作者： Ito, Mebuki Minamikawa, Miku Kovba, Anastasiia Numata, Hideka Itoh, Tetsuji Ariizumi, Takuma Shigeno, Asako Katada, Yuki Niwa, Shiho Taya, Yurie Shiraki, Yuto Pandey, Gita Sadaula Nonaka, Nariaki Nakao, Ryo Omori, Ryosuke Ohari, Yuma Isoda, Norikazu Shimozuru, Michito Tsubota, Toshio Matsuno, Keita Sashika, Mariko Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Kita 18 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 060-0818 Japan Division of Risk Analysis and Management International Institute for Zoonosis Control Hokkaido University Kita 20 Nishi 10 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 001-0020 Japan Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 41-2 Kanrin Aichi Inuyama 484-8506 Japan Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Kita 18 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 060-0818 Japan Laboratory of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Kita 18 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 060-0818 Japan Laboratory of Wildlife Management Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences College of Agriculture Food and Environment Sciences Rakuno Gakuen University Bunkyodai Midorimachi 582 Hokkaido Ebetsu City 069-8501 Japan Division of Molecular Pathobiology Graduate School of Infectious Diseases Hokkaido University Kita 20 Nishi 10 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 001-0020 Japan Laboratory of Parasitology Graduate School of Infectious Diseases Hokkaido University Kita 18 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 060-0818 Japan National Cattle Research Program Nepal Agricultural Research Council Chitwan Rampur Nepal Division of Parasitology Veterinary Research Unit International Institute for Zoonosis Control Hokkaido University Kita20Nishi10Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 001-0020 Japan Division of Bioinformatics International Institute for Zoonosis Control Hokkaido University Kita 20 Nishi 10 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 001-0020 Japan Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido University Kita 18 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 060-0818 Japan One Health Research Center Hokkaido University Kita 18 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo City 060-0818 Japan Institute for Vaccine Research

Yezo virus (YEZV) is an emerging tick-borne virus that causes acute febrile illness. It has been continuously reported in patients and ticks in Japan and China since its first identification in Hokkaido, Japan. While serological tests have demonstrated that YEZV infections are prevalent in wild animals, such as raccoons (Procyon lotor), the determinants of infection in wild animals remain largely unknown. We examined the prevalence of YEZV in invasive raccoons, native tanukis (raccoon dogs, Nyctereutes procyonoides albus), and ticks in six study areas in Hokkaido between 2018 and 2023 to identify ecological factors underlying YEZV infection in wild animals. YEZV RNA fragments were detected in 0.22% of the 1,857 questing ticks. Anti-YEZV antibodies were detected in 32 of the 514 (6.2%) raccoon serum samples and in 5 of the 40 (12.5%) tanuki serum samples. Notably, the seroprevalence in raccoons varied significantly in one of the study areas over the years, that is, 0.0%, 60.0%, and 28.6% in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively, implying the temporary emergence of YEZV microfoci. By analyzing the tick load and YEZV seropositivity in raccoons in a field-based setting, we found a positive correlation between adult Ixodes ovatus load and YEZV-antibody positivity, highlighting the importance of I. ovatus in YEZV infection in wild animals. We also explored the environmental and host factors influencing YEZV seropositivity in raccoons and tanukis and found that landscape factors, such as the size of forest area around the trap site, were crucial for YEZV seropositivity in these animals. The significant variables for YEZV seropositivity in raccoons were partially different from those affecting tick infestation intensity in raccoons. The present results extend our understanding of tick-borne virus circulation in the field, emphasizing the unique ecology of the emerging YEZV. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Emerging tick-borne virus Ixodidae Microfocus Raccoon Tanuki Yezo virus

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Determinants of translation speed are randomly distributed across transcripts resulting in a universal scaling of protein synthesis times

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Physical Review E 2018年第2期97卷 022409-022409页

作者： Ajeet K. Sharma Nabeel Ahmed Edward P. O’Brien Department of Chemistry Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate Program The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA

Ribosome profiling experiments have found greater than 100-fold variation in ribosome density along mRNA transcripts, indicating that individual codon elongation rates can vary to a similar degree. This wide range of elongation times, coupled with differences in codon usage between transcripts, suggests that the average codon translation-rate per gene can vary widely. Yet, ribosome run-off experiments have found that the average codon translation rate for different groups of transcripts in mouse stem cells is constant at 5.6 AA/s. How these seemingly contradictory results can be reconciled is the focus of this study. Here, we combine knowledge of the molecular factors shown to influence translation speed with genomic information from Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens to simulate the synthesis of cytosolic proteins in these organisms. The model recapitulates a near constant average translation rate, which we demonstrate arises because the molecular determinants of translation speed are distributed nearly randomly amongst most of the transcripts. Consequently, codon translation rates are also randomly distributed and fast-translating segments of a transcript are likely to be offset by equally probable slow-translating segments, resulting in similar average elongation rates for most transcripts. We also show that the codon usage bias does not significantly affect the near random distribution of codon translation rates because only about 10% of the total transcripts in an organism have high codon usage bias while the rest have little to no bias. Analysis of Ribo-Seq data and an in vivo fluorescent assay supports these conclusions.

关键词： Gene expression Bacteria Genes Proteins Markovian processes Monte Carlo methods

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Contact network changes in ordered and disordered disk packings

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tuckman, Philip J. VanderWerf, Kyle Yuan, Ye Zhang, Shiyun Zhang, Jerry Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University Department of Applied New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

We investigate the mechanical response of packings of purely repulsive, frictionless disks to quasistatic deformations. The deformations include simple shear strain at constant packing fraction and at constant pressure, "polydispersity" strain (in which we change the particle size distribution) at constant packing fraction and at constant pressure, and isotropic compression. For each deformation, we show that there are two classes of changes in the interparticle contact networks: jump changes and point changes. Jump changes occur when a contact network becomes mechanically unstable, particles "rearrange", and the potential energy (when the strain is applied at constant packing fraction) or enthalpy (when the strain is applied at constant pressure) and all derivatives are discontinuous. During point changes, a single contact is either added to or removed from the contact network. For repulsive linear spring interactions, second- and higher-order derivatives of the potential energy/enthalpy are discontinuous at a point change, while for Hertzian interactions, third- and higher-order derivatives of the potential energy/enthalpy are discontinuous. We illustrate the importance of point changes by studying the transition from a hexagonal crystal to a disordered crystal induced by applying polydispersity strain. During this transition, the system only undergoes point changes, with no jump changes. We emphasize that one must understand point changes, as well as jump changes, to predict the mechanical properties of jammed packings. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Potential energy

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Metagenomic analysis reveals the roles of Actinobacteria in plasticizer-contaminated landfills and aids in identifying key degraders

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Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 18157页

作者： Adisan Rungsihiranrut Chanokporn Muangchinda Onruthai Pinyakong International Postgraduate Programs in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. Center of Excellence in Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment (MiTMaPT) Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. Center of Excellence in Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment (MiTMaPT) Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. onruthai.p@chula.ac.th. Research Program on Remediation Technologies for Petroleum Contamination Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM) Bangkok 10330 Thailand. onruthai.p@chula.ac.th. Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. onruthai.p@chula.ac.th. Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. onruthai.p@chula.ac.th.

Phthalate ester (PAE) contamination, particularly from dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), originating from landfills and released into the environment, poses a significant concern. Understanding PAE biodegradation is crucial for developing bioremediation strategies. This study used cover material from a 1-month-old landfill for soil microcosms. Indigenous microbes effectively removed 300 mg kg of DBP and DEHP as individual and mixed substrates, achieving complete DBP removal and 70% DEHP removal at room temperature (27-30 °C) and 37 °C. Actinobacteria were dominant, indicating potential active PAE-degraders. Shotgun metagenomic analysis revealed an increased abundance of potential PAE catabolic genes, such as those encoding esterase, lipase, and dioxygenase, under all conditions, mainly associated with Streptomyces, Saccharopolyspora, Nocardia, Nocardioides, and Amycolatopsis. The genes associated with Saccharopolyspora were abundant at 37 °C, while those related to Nocardia and Actinomadura were prevalent at room temperature, suggesting temperature preferences. The genera Saccharopolyspora and Actinomadura have not been linked to PAE degradation, indicating potential novel PAE degraders. Furthermore, PAE-degrading bacteria were isolated using media designed from metagenomic data and were categorized into Streptomyces, Amycolatopsis, and Nocardia. This work highlights the roles of rare taxa and provides insights into potential novel PAE degraders, emphasizing the need for further research into these organisms.

关键词： Bioremediation PAE biodegradation pathway Plasticizer Shotgun sequencing Soil microcosm

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Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Treating Chronic Hepatitis B Infection during Pregnancy with Lamivudine,Telbivudine,and Tenofovir:A Meta-analysis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第3期7卷 197-212页

作者： Shahnaz Sali Mohammad Darvishi Mojtaba GhasemiAdl Meisam Akhlaghdoust Azin Mirzazadeh Somayeh Elikaei Behjati Hossein Sheikh-Zeinolabedini Shervin Shokouhi Soheil Tavakolpour Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center(IDTMRC)AJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center Pars HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Joint Bioinformatics Graduate Program University of Arkansas Little Rock and University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockARUSA The Genetics Department at Islamic Azad University Science and Research BranchTehranIran Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 198396-3113Iran

Background and Aims:The perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV)remains an important global health ***,a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the evidence regarding the efficacy and maternal/fetal safety of treating pregnant women with lamivudine,telbivudine(LdT),and tenofovir(TDF).Methods:A PubMed and Scopus search resulted in 1,076 records,which were reduced to 36,containing 7,717 pregnant women with chronic HBV infection and 7467 infants meeting the inclusion *** latest search was in August ***:Treatment with LdT,but not lamivudine and TDF,could significantly reduce the hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive rate(odds ratio(OR)=0.37)in infants;it also led to higher rates of hepatitis B e antigen loss(OR=12.14),hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion(OR=8.93),and alanine aminotransferase normalization in mothers(OR=1.49).Each of these treatments was able to significantly reduce HBV DNA positivity at birth(total OR=0.19)and mother-to-child-transmission of HBV(total OR=0.15),and to cause higher rates of HBV DNA suppression in mothers(total OR=25.53).However,nucleos(t)ide analogues might also be involved in creatine kinase elevation(total OR=7.48).In contrast,no significant association was found between nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy and preterm/premature births,congenital malformation,low birth weight,and abortion or fetal/infant *** results suggested LdT's high capability of preventing ***,TDF failed to show significant associations to a reduced risk of mother-to-child-transmission,probably due to the low number of patients ***:Although using either lamivudine,LdT,orTDF could lead to more favorable maternal/fetal outcomes,LdT seemed to show more potential in resolving certain infant-and maternal-related *** studies on the safety profile of such treatments are required.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Antiviral therapy Tenofovir Telbivudine Lamivudine Nucleos(t)ide analogues Pregnancy

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Pinned, locked, pushed, and pulled traveling waves in structured environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Wang, Ching-Hao Matin, Sakib George, Ashish B. Korolev, Kirill S. Department of Physics Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Department of Physics and Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Boston University BostonMA02215

Traveling fronts describe the transition between two alternative states in a great number of physical and biological systems. Examples include the spread of beneficial mutations, chemical reactions, and the invasions by foreign species. In homogeneous environments, the alternative states are separated by a smooth front moving at a constant velocity. This simple picture can break down in structured environments such as tissues, patchy landscapes, and microfluidic devices. Habitat fragmentation can pin the front at a particular location or lock invasion velocities into specific values. Locked velocities are not sensitive to moderate changes in dispersal or growth and are determined by the spatial and temporal periodicity of the environment. The synchronization with the environment results in discontinuous fronts that propagate as periodic pulses. We characterize the transition from continuous to locked invasions and show that it is controlled by positive density-dependence in dispersal or growth. We also demonstrate that velocity locking is robust to demographic and environmental fluctuations and examine stochastic dynamics and evolution in locked invasions. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Velocity

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Effects of intracerebroventricular lipopolysaccharide administration on behavioral, neurochemical, and neurogenomic responses in adult zebrafish

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Behavioural Brain Research 2025年

作者： Nikita P. Ilyin David S. Galstyan Anastasia E. Zolotova Nikita I. Golushko Varvara N. Tolkunova Saklakova Daryna Daniil Martynov Kirill V. Apukhtin Adam M. Stewart Murilo S. de Abreu Allan V. Kalueff Institute of Translational Biomedicine St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia Institute of Experimental Medicine Almazov National Medical Research Centre Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation St. Petersburg Russia World Class Research Center for Personalized Medicine Almazov National Medical Research Centre Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation St. Petersburg Russia Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg Russia Herzen State Pedagogical University St. Petersburg Russia International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) New Orleans USA Graduate Program in Health Sciences Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan Department of Biosciences and Bioinformatics School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China Suzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Neurobiology and Cell Signaling School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China

Neuroinflammation is a common trigger of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration in widely used to induce systemic and neural inflammation in various in vivo animal models. Complementing rodent studies, the zebrafish emerges as a powerful model organism for studying complex neurobehavioral consequences of neuroinflammation. Here, adult fish received intracerebroventricularly administered LPS and were assessed behaviorally in the novel tank, zebrafish tail immobilization (ZTI) and Y-maze tests for locomotor, affective and cognitive responses. We also performed neurochemical and neurogenomic profiling of zebrafish to assess their brain monoamine levels and the expression of selected cytokine-related genes. Overall, LPS-treated zebrafish showed hypolocomotion in the novel tank test, reduced spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze and higher ZTI test immobility, suggesting affective and cognitive deficits, accompanied by elevated serotonin turnover and upregulated pro-inflammatory ( Il1b, tnf ) and anti-inflammatory ( il10 ) cytokine genes. Collectively, these findings parallel rich rodent evidence of central LPS effects, and support zebrafish as a valuable model system for probing the interplay between neuroinflammation and psychiatric disorders, with a specific focus on evolutionarily conserved, shared mechanisms of CNS pathogenesis.

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