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A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) -- relevance to morphology of microcalcifications for isocentric motion in Digital Breast tomosynthesis (DBT)

A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and poi...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Ying Chen Joseph Y. Lo James T. Dobbins Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southem Illinois University Carbondale Carbondale IL USA Duke Adavanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Medical Center Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 Duke Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a three-dimensional imaging technique providing an arbitrary set of reconstruction planes in the breast with limited series of projection images. This paper describes a comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) algorithms by impulse response and modulation transfer function (MTF) analysis. Due to the partial isocentric motion of the x-ray tube in DBT, structures such as microcalcifications appear slightly blurred in traditional shift-and-add (SAA) images in the direction perpendicular to the direction of tube's motion. Point-by-point BP improved rendition of microcalcifications. The sharpness and morphology of calcifications were improved in a human subject images. A filtered back projection (FBP) deblurring approach was used to demonstrate deblurred point-by-point BP tomosynthesis images. The point-by-point BP rather than traditional SAA should be considered as the foundation of further deblurring algorithms for DBT reconstruction.

关键词： Morphology Image reconstruction X-ray imaging Back Image edge detection Breast cancer Detectors biomedical engineering Transfer functions Humans

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Tumour oxygen dynamics measured simultaneously by near-infrared spectroscopy and 19F magnetic resonance imaging in rats

Tumour oxygen dynamics measured simultaneously by near-infra...

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作者： Xia, Mengna Kodibagkar, Vikram Liu, Hanli Mason, Ralph P. Joint Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Texas at Arlington University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 76019 United States Cancer Imaging Program Department of Radiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 United States

Simultaneous near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to investigate the correlation between tumour vascular oxygenation and tissue oxygen tension dynamics in rat breast 13762NF tumours with respect to hyperoxic gas breathing. NIRS directly detected global variations in the oxygenated haemoglobin concentration (Δ[HbO 2]) within tumours and oxygen tension (pO2) maps were achieved using 19F MRI of the reporter molecule hexafluorobenzene. Multiple correlations were examined between rates and magnitudes of vascular (Δ[HbO2]) and tissue (pO2) responses. Significant correlations were found between response to oxygen and carbogen breathing using either modality. Comparison of results for the two methods showed a correlation between the vascular perfusion rate ratio and the mean pO2 values (R2 > 0.7). The initial rates of increase of Δ[HbO 2] and the slope of dynamic pO2 response, d(pO 2)/dt, of well-oxygenated voxels in response to hyperoxic challenge were also correlated. These results demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous measurements using NIRS and MRI. As expected, the rate of pO2 response to oxygen is primarily dependent upon the well perfused rather than poorly perfused vasculature. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Tumors

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Formation of protein nano-films for in vitro tissue engineering

Formation of protein nano-films for in vitro tissue engineer...

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55th SPSJ Annual Meeting

作者： Nakahara, Yoshio Matsusaki, Michiya Akashi, Mitsuru Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation 1-5-4 Minatojima-Minamimachi Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0047 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Program for 21St Century Osaka University

The development of multilayer ultrathin films containing proteins (bio-nanofilm) is one of the focal subjects in biomaterials science and technology. In particular, a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly via bio-specific interactions for the immobilization of proteins onto a substrate has attracted much attention as driving forces due to their high affinity and specificity. In this study, the various combinations of LbL assemblies among extracellular matrix proteins and glycosaminoglycans including fibronectin (FN), gelatin (G), α-elastin (E), heparine (Hep), and dextrane sulfate (Dex) were analyzed quantitatively by a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). And then, their enzymatic degradation behaviors and stabilities in cell culture medium (E-MEM + FBS) were investigated. In addition, it was confirmed that such bio-nanofilms could be formed on a phospholipid bilayer, which is postulated as a model of cell membranes.

关键词： Ultrathin films

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Corrigendum to “Perceptual learning improves contrast sensitivity and visual acuity in adults with anisometropic amblyopia” [Vis. Res. 46 (2006) 739–750]

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Vision Research 2007年第15期47卷 2113-2113页

作者： Yifeng Zhou Changbing Huang Pengjing Xu Liming Tao Zhuping Qiu Xiangrui Li Zhong-Lin Lu Vision Research Lab School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 PR China Department of Ophthalmology First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui 230022 PR China Laboratory of Brain Processes (LOBES) Department of Psychology Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-1061 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-1061 USA

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Generalization of Motor Adaptation Skills from Bimanual-Grasp to Individual Limbs

Generalization of Motor Adaptation Skills from Bimanual-Gras...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Jamie Hitchens James Patton Sensory Motor Performance Program Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Chicago IL USA Sensory Motor Performance Program Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago and Biomedical Engineering graduate program Northwestern University Chicago IL USA

We reported previously that the skills transferred from practicing using a bimanual grasp to skills in right hand are small but significant. In this study on healthy right-handed people we compared how well skills learned while training using a bimanual grasp transferred to the left and right hands performance individually. As before, the task was to make target-directed reaching movements while grasping a planar robotic device that systematically disturbed movements at the handle. Results showed that skills learned while practicing with a bimanual grasp generalized (transferred) to both the dominant and the non-dominant arm equally well, with the right limb benefiting the most because it began with less error

关键词： USA Councils Robots Grasping Rehabilitation robotics biomedical engineering Cities and towns DC motors Force control Motion control Torque control

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Controlling of 3D-cell assembly for in vitro tissue engineering by bio-nanofilms

Controlling of 3D-cell assembly for in vitro tissue engineer...

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55th SPSJ Annual Meeting

作者： Matsusaki, Michiya Nakahara, Yoshio Akashi, Mitsuru Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita 565-0871 Japan Program for 21St Century Osaka University Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation 1-5-4 Minatojima-Minamimachi Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0047 Japan

We have studied 3D-cell assembly by preparing of nano-sized extra cellular matrix (bio-nanofilm) onto cell surface as novel cell assembling technology for tissue engineering field. Alternate immersion of adhered 1st layer cells into fibronectin and gelatin/Tris buffer solution can prepare nano-ECM onto cell surfaces. 2nd layer cells can adhere and extend onto bio-nanofilm. Continuation of these steps, 3D-cell layers can be fabricated. We have successfully prepared mouse L929 fibroblast and human SMC four layers by preparing of 15-20 nm of bio-nanofilm. The 3D-cell assembly technology would be useful for not only fabricating of vessel or skin like cell layers but also clarification of basic science of ECM for cell lamination.

关键词： biomedical engineering

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Blank slate engineering at Florida Gulf Coast University - Innovative and multidisciplinary from the ground up

Blank slate engineering at Florida Gulf Coast University - I...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Blanchard, Susan Egiebor, Nosa Sweeney, James Zidek, Lisa Sechrist, Chalmers Hulbert, Sam Osborn, James O'Neill, Robert Florida Gulf Coast University United States FGCU School of Engineering Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Biomedical Engineering Society American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering United Kingdom Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering Arizona State University United States Department of Bioengineering Department of Bioengineering Arizona State University United States Flinn Foundation Funded Multi- and Interdisciplinary Graduate Training Program in Bioengineering Milwaukee School of Engineering United States Graduate Programs Industrial Engineering Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Rose-Hulman Institute for Technology School of Engineering FGCU School of Engineering's Advisory Board Roger Williams University United States Department of Civil Engineering Department of Engineering Roger Williams University United States

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Simultaneous monitoring tumor vascular and tissue oxygen tension under hyperbaric oxygen exposure

Simultaneous monitoring tumor vascular and tissue oxygen ten...

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biomedical Topical Meeting, BIO 2006

作者： Xia, Mengna Liu, Hanli Ren, Ya Mason, Ralph Levine, Benjamin Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76013 United States Department of Radiology UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas TX United States Institute of Exercise and Environmental medicine UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas TX United States

We demonstrate the ability to simultaneously investigate breast tumor oxygen dynamics by Steady-state diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and FOXY oxygen sensor in response to hyperbaric oxygen intervention. © 2006 ...

ISBN: (纸本)1557528071

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Resolution of optical microscope redefined

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Biophotonics International 2006年第7期13卷 42-45页

作者： Ram, Sripad Ward, E. Sally Ober, Raimund J. Joint Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Texas Arlington University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Center for Immunology Southwestern Medical Center Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas Dallas Center for Immunology

A resolution measure that overcomes the limitations of Rayleigh's criterion was proposed that predicted the resolution of an optical microscope was not limited and that it can be improved by increasing the number of detected photons. An interdisciplinary approach was used to obtain the new resolution measure in which tools of advanced statistical image processing address a classical problem in optical microscopy. Single-molecule imaging experiments have verified that distances between single molecules that are well below Rayleigh's criterion can be measured with an accuracy in accordance with that prediction. An analytical expression for the fundamental resolution measure (FREM) was obtained by assuming imaging conditions analogous to those of Rayleigh's criterion. The proposed resolution measure shows that certain single-molecule experiments can be performed that were once unfeasible with optical microscope.

关键词： Optical microscopy

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A Non-Rigid Image Registration Technique for 3D Ultrasound Carotid Images using a "Twisting and Bending" Model

A Non-Rigid Image Registration Technique for 3D Ultrasound C...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： N.D. Nanayakkara B. Chiu A. Samani J.D. Spence J. Samarabandu A. Fenster Imaging Research Laboratories Robarts Research Institute and Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada Department of Medical Biophysics and Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada Departments of Neurology and Clinical Pharmacology Robarts Research Institute University of Western Ontario and Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre London ONT Canada Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada

Atherosclerosis at the carotid bifurcation resulting in cerebral emboli is a major cause of ischemic stroke. Most strokes associated with carotid atherosclerosis can be prevented by lifestyle/dietary changes and pharmacological treatments if identified early by monitoring carotid plaque changes. Sensitive monitoring of plaque changes in volume and morphology requires that 3D ultrasound (US) images of carotid plaque obtained at different time points be registered and evaluated for change. This registration technique should be non-rigid, since different head positions in image acquisitions cause relative bending and torsion in the neck, producing non-linear deformations between the images. We modeled the movement of the neck using a "twisting and bending model" with only six parameters for non-rigid registration. We used a Mutual Information (MI) based image similarity measure with the Powell optimization method as they have been used effectively in US image registration applications. For evaluation of our algorithm, we acquired 3D US carotid images from three subjects at two different head positions to simulate images acquired at different times. Then, we registered each image set using our "twisting bending model" based non-rigid registration algorithm. We calculated the Mean Registration Error (MRE) between the segmented vessel surfaces in the target image and the registered image using a distance-based error metric. We repeated the experiment with only rigid registration to compare the capabilities of the proposed algorithm in improving registration of 3D carotid US images. The average registration error was 1.03plusmn0.23 mm using our non-rigid registration technique, while it was 1.50plusmn0.50 mm when we applied the rigid registration alone

关键词： Image registration Ultrasonic imaging Atherosclerosis Monitoring Head Neck Bifurcation Morphology Mutual information Optimization methods

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