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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Samantha I. Cunningham James D. Weiland Pinglei Bao Bosco S. Tjan Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

The inter-subject variability of visual cortex reorganization was assessed in late-blind subjects suffering from retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a degenerative retinal disease that results in tunnel vision and eventual loss of sight. fMRI BOLD responses were measured as blindfolded RP and blindfolded sighted control groups completed a tactile discrimination task (in which subjects determined the relative roughness of sandpaper discs) during successive scans in a 3T Siemens scanner. Resulting activation patterns were compared between the two groups in a whole-brain analysis. We found that vision deprivation leads to elevated activation of the visual cortex elicited with tactile stimuli, and the degree of activation correlates with the degree of visual field loss: higher visual cortex activation is associated with greater vision loss. The location of vision loss in the visual field also correlates with the location of tactile responses in the visual cortex, with greater peripheral vision loss leading to stronger activation in the peripheral of V1. Visual cortex responses to tactile stimuli may hence be used as a diagnostic marker in determining the extent of an individual's vision loss and tracking sight recovery following treatments.

关键词： Visual Cortex Blindness Cone-Rod Dystrophy 2 Tactual Stimulation Tactile stimuli Diagnostic Factor Tunnel Vision brain analysis relative roughness Tactile discrimination

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压缩传感可以缩短临床上1H-MRI代谢成像时间

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第3期 276-276页

作者： S.Geethanath H.M.Baek S.K.Ganji E.A.Maher R.D.Sims 董龙春 Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at UT Arlington and UT Southwestern Medical Center DallasTex

目的回顾性地评价通过压缩传感实现的加速磁共振波谱成像(MRS)数据保存的保真性。材料与方法在数据采集前,这项实验获得了机构审查委员会的认可以及书面同意书,对项目中所获得的MRS数据进行采集和分析。这项研究符合HIPAA。回顾性地对1... 详细信息

目的回顾性地评价通过压缩传感实现的加速磁共振波谱成像(MRS)数据保存的保真性。材料与方法在数据采集前,这项实验获得了机构审查委员会的认可以及书面同意书,对项目中所获得的MRS数据进行采集和分析。这项研究符合HIPAA。回顾性地对10例临床MRS数据集进行压缩

关键词：压缩传感回顾性原始数据加速因子体素 MRI

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Effect of skull anatomy on intracranial acoustic fields for ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis

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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2012年第3_SUPPLEMENT期132卷 2065-2065页

作者： Joseph J. Korfhagen Jason L. Raymond Christy K. Holland George J. Shaw Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Cincinnati 231 Albert Sabin Way CVC 3948 Cincinnati OH 45267-0586joekorf3@*** Biomedical Engineering Program College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH Internal Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH Emergency Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH

Transcranial ultrasound improves thrombolytic drug efficacy in ischemic stroke therapy. The goal of this study was to determine the ideal ultrasound parameters for obtaining peak rarefactional pressures exceeding the stable cavitation threshold at the left anterior clinoid process (lACP) of the skull. This location is near the origin of the middle cerebral artery, a common site for ischemic stroke. For 0.5, 1.1 and 2.0-MHz ultrasound transducers, pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) ranging from 5.4-8.0 kHz were studied at a 50% duty cycle. Attenuation and ultrasound beam distortion were measured from a cadaveric human skull. Each transducer was placed near the left temporal bone such that the unaberrated maximum acoustic pressure would be located at the lACP. A hydrophone measured the acoustic field around the lACP. Free-field measurements were taken in the same locations to determine attenuation and beam focus distortion. For 5 skulls, the average pressure attenuation at the lACP was 68±19, 91±5.1, and 94±4.7% for 0.5, 1.1, and 2.0 MHz, respectively. The degree of displacement of the beam focus depended on the skull properties, but not the center frequency nor PRF. In conclusion, lower frequencies exhibited lower attenuation and improved penetration at the lACP. This work was supported by NIH-3P50-NS044283-06S1.

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Another and a new beginning [Students corner]

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IEEE Pulse 2011年第2期2卷 6-11页

作者： Linte, Cristian A. Yan, Iris Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN United States Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Graduate Program Pennsylvania State University United States

Warm greetings to all of youfellow trainees, friends, and colleagues! Some of you may recall my column in the March/April 2008 issue of IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, my first Students Corner column. Well, here I am now, three years later, preparing my last column for IEEE Pulse Students Corner. At this time, I like to wish you all a happy and prosperous 2011 and may this year take you all on to new horizons, projects, and opportunities. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Validation of a finite-difference acoustic propagation model of transcranial ultrasound

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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2012年第3_SUPPLEMENT期132卷 1927-1927页

作者： Guillaume Bouchoux Kenneth B. Bader Joseph J. Korfhagen Jason L. Raymond Shivashankar Ravishankar Todd A. Abruzzo Christy K. Holland Internal Medicine University of Cincinnati 231 Albert Sabin Way Cincinnati OH 45267-0586bouchoge@ucmail.uc.edu Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH Biomedical Engineering Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH Radiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH Internal Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH

Adjuvant ultrasound exposure improves rtPA thrombolysis in stroke patients. Transmission of 120-kHz ultrasound through the temporal bone is efficient but exhibits skull-dependent distortion and reflection. Numerical models of acoustic propagation through human skull based on computed tomography (CT) data have been developed. The objective of our study was to validate a finite-difference model of transcranial ultrasound quantitatively. The acoustic fields from a two-element annular array (120 kHz and 60 kHz) were acquired in four ex-vivo human skulls with a calibrated hydrophone (10 kHz-800 kHz frequency range). The spatial distributions of the acoustomechanical properties of each skull were obtained from CT scans and used for simulations. Predicted acoustic fields and waveform shapes were compared with corresponding hydrophone measurements and were in good agreement. Transmitted wave amplitudes were systematically underestimated (14%) and reflected wave amplitudes were overestimated (30%). The acoustic impedance of each skull was likely underestimated from the CT scans. However, high correlation between predictions and measurements (R<+>2<+>=0.93 and R<+>2<+>=0.88 for transmitted and reflected wave amplitudes, respectively) demonstrates that this model can be used quantitatively for evaluation of 120-kHz ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis. This work was supported by NIH-RO1-NS047603.

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Comparison of survival predictions for rats with hemorrhagic shocks using an artificial neural network and support vector machine

Comparison of survival predictions for rats with hemorrhagic...

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33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS 2011

作者： Jang, Kyung Hwan Yoo, Tae Keun Choi, Joon Yul Nam, Ki Chang Choi, Jae Lim Kwon, Min Kyung Kim, Deok Won Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul Korea Republic of Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science Yonsei University Seoul Korea Republic of Dept. of Medical Engineering Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

Hemorrhagic shock is the cause of one third of deaths resulting from injury in the world. Early diagnosis of hemorrhagic shock makes it possible for physicians to treat patients successfully. The objective of this study was to select an optimal survival prediction model using physiological parameters from rats during our hemorrhagic experiment. These physiological parameters were used for the training and testing of survival prediction models using an artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM). To avoid over-fitting, we chose the optimal survival prediction model according to performance measured by a 5-fold cross validation method. We selected an ANN with three hidden neurons and one hidden layer and an SVM with Gaussian kernel function as a trained survival prediction model. For the ANN model, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of survival prediction were 97.8 3.3 %, 96.3 2.7 %, and 96.8 1.7 %, respectively. For the SVM model, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 97.5 2.9 %, 99.3 1.1 %, and 98.5 1.2 %, respectively. SVM was preferable to ANN for the survival prediction. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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An Inexpensive Alternative Bath System for Electrophysiological Characterization of Isolated Cardiac Tissue

An Inexpensive Alternative Bath System for Electrophysiologi...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Emanuel Villa Alayne Stewart White Jun Liao Amy L. de Jongh Curry Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at The University of Memphis and University of Tennessee Health Science Center Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Mississippi State University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

A tissue bath system, to be used as an alternative to complex perfusion chambers, was constructed for use in cardiac electrophysiological studies. This system consists of an acrylic chamber to hold circulating physiological medium such as DMEM, suspended in a water bath warmed by a hot plate. Temperature and pH were controlled to mimic physiological conditions. Rat and porcine cardiac tissues, were used to test viability of the conditions presented in the bath system. Using a cardiac mapping system, the tissues were stimulated and responses recorded. From the recordings we were able to calculate conduction velocities and spatial dispersion of activation indices. The results are comparable to previous in-vivo work, which suggests that the tissue bath system design can maintain tissue viability. This tissue bath system is a relatively simple alternative for ex-vivo testing of cardiac tissues.

关键词： Isolated tissue Ex-vivo characterization Cardiac mapping

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A Radial Basis Function Spike Model for Indirect Learning via Integrate-and-Fire Sampling and Reconstruction Techniques

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Advances in Artificial Neural Systems 2012年第1期2012卷

作者： X. Zhang G. Foderaro C. Henriquez A. M. J. VanDongen S. Ferrari Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control (LISC) Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Program in Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been proposed for training spiking neural networks through biologically-plausible learning mechanisms, such as spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity and Hebbian plasticity. These algorithms typically rely on the ability to update the synaptic strengths, or weights, directly, through a weight update rule in which the weight increment can be decided and implemented based on the training equations. However, in several potential applications of adaptive spiking neural networks, including neuroprosthetic devices and CMOS/memristor nanoscale neuromorphic chips, the weights cannot be manipulated directly and, instead, tend to change over time by virtue of the pre- and postsynaptic neural activity. This paper presents an indirect learning method that induces changes in the synaptic weights by modulating spike-timing-dependent plasticity by means of controlled input spike trains. In place of the weights, the algorithm manipulates the input spike trains used to stimulate the input neurons by determining a sequence of spike timings that minimize a desired objective function and, indirectly, induce the desired synaptic plasticity in the network.

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Module for the acquisition and processing of biological signals related to the emotional state

Module for the acquisition and processing of biological sign...

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Pan American Health Care Exchanges, PAHCE

作者： D. G. Domingues C. J. Miosso A. E. Paredes A. F. Rocha LART-Laboratory of Art and Technoscience Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering University of Brasilia at Gama-FGA/UnB Gama Distrito Federal Brazil

Medical, artistic and social applications of biomedical signals benefit from the possibility of measuring a person's emotional state, and of creating, through biofeedback techniques, a personal dynamic interaction with the environment. This paper describes a wearable microsensor module used to acquire and preprocess biological signals that are directly related to one's emotional state in daily activities. The main circuit includes a skin galvanic sensor, a breathing sensor, and an electrocardiograph with three electrodes. The acquired signals are treated by independent instrumentation amplifiers and digitized by a dedicated microcontroller at an acquisition/preprocessing board. The module and the enhanced application for Networked Communications in biomedical engineering and ubiquitous computing reinvent the sense of presence in the physical world when wearing a BWAS - Biocybrid Wearable Art System. Ontological levels of creative reality and phenomenological framework using embedded systems and the ways of using hardware and software are discussed. The results intend future industry developments of devices to enhance and to supplement the human perceptive and affective human condition. The identification and interpretation of appropriate models for art, communication, aesthetic, design, fashion, health, personal security or other applications are challenges for insightful discussions of the role of engineers, physiologists, artists, educators, social scientists, as well as of ethnographic methods and practices.

关键词： Art Microcontrollers Skin biomedical engineering Electrocardiography Electrodes

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Bioengineering and technoscience art: Electromyography and signal processing for synaesthesia — In-activity muscles and data visualization

Bioengineering and technoscience art: Electromyography and s...

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Pan American Health Care Exchanges, PAHCE

作者： D. G. Domingues C. J. Miosso A. O. Paredes A. F. Rocha LART-Laboratory of Art and Technoscience Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering University of Brasilia at Gama-FGA/UnB Gama Distrito Federal Brazil

At the convergence of advanced biomedical scientific research in contemporary art with technoscience collaborative practices, as well as with transdisciplinar issues regarding the human condition and the reinvented life, we propose a biocybrid system using electromyography and body signals for the new perceptive, cognitive and technological expansion and the sensorial domain of synesthesia. The electrical potentials and introspective mapping and tracing of body activities in electromyography translated into sonic landscapes and data visualization by using electrical signals generated by in-activity muscles and collected by specific instrumentation equipment are widely used in biomedical engineering and medicine. The system entails new ways of deciphering human ways of acting, by using bodily muscles in microscales, by allowing the perception and communication for generating sound patterns and data visualization landscapes that dynamically change according to several properties extracted from electromyographic (EMG) signals. We also intend future application of our prototype for industrial technological innovations and affective interfaces for medice, health and fitness, art and neuroscience and other domain.

关键词： Electromyography Muscles Art Data visualization biomedical engineering Medical services Fatigue

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