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Pathogen inhibition and indication by gelatin nonwoven mats with incorporation of polyphenol derivatives

RSC Advances 2023年第45期13卷 31602-31615页

作者： Bai, By Meng-Yi Wang, Ting-Teng Chen, Xin-An Wu, Chia-Chun Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Program Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology TR-917 AAEON Building No. 43 Keelung Rd. Sec. 4 Da'an Dist. Taiwan Taipei City10607 Taiwan Adjunct Appointment to the National Defense Medical Center Taiwan Taipei11490 Taiwan Institute of Prevention Medicine National Defense Medical Center Taiwan Taipei11490 Taiwan

There is a need for non-pharmaceutical intervention methods that can prevent and indicate the risk of airborne disease spread. In this study, we developed a nonwoven mat based on the polyphenol gallic acid, which can inhibit pathogens growth and also indicate pathogen levels in the surrounding environment. Using nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography, we characterized this novel gelatin-based nonwoven mat and investigated the mechanism governing its ability to indicate pathogen levels. We demonstrated that the incorporation of gallic acid serves a vital role in indicating the presence of bacteria, causing the nonwoven mat to change in color from white to brown. We have proposed a plausible mechanism for this color change behavior based on a reaction of gallic acid with components excreted by bacteria, including glutamate, valine, and leucine. The concentrations of these components reflect the bacterial counts, enabling a real-time indication of pathogen levels in the surrounding air. In summary, the nonwoven mat presented herein can serve as an excellent antibacterial agent and as an indicator of nearby bacteria for fabricating personal protection equipment like filtration mask. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Bacteria

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Semilicoisoflavone B induces oral cancer cell apoptosis by targeting claspin and ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第4期39卷 2417-2428页

作者： Hsieh, Ming-Ju Lin, Chia-Chieh Lo, Yu-Sheng Chuang, Yi-Ching Ho, Hsin-Yu Chen, Mu-Kuan Oral Cancer Research Center Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan

The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasing worldwide mainly due to poor oral hygiene and unrestricted lifestyle. Advanced-stage OSCC is associated with poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of only 30%–50%. The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer effect and mode of action of Glycyrrhiza-derived semilicoisoflavone B (SFB) in 5-fluorourasil (5FU)-resistant human OSCC cell lines. The study findings revealed that SFB significantly reduces OSCC cell viability and colony formation ability by arresting cell cycle at the G2/M and S phases and reducing the expressions of key cell cycle regulators including cyclin A, cyclin B, CDC2, and CDK2. The compound caused a significant induction in the percentage of nuclear condensation and apoptotic cells in OSCC. Regarding pro-apoptotic mode of action, SFB was found to increase Fas-associated death domain and death receptor 5 expressions and reduce decoy receptor 2 expression, indicating involvement of extrinsic pathway. Moreover, SFB was found to increase pro-apoptotic Bim expression and reduce anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expressions, indicating involvement of intrinsic pathway. Moreover, SFB-mediated induction in cleaved caspases 3, 8, and 9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase confirmed the induction of caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways. Regarding upstream signaling pathway, SFB was found to reduce extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) phosphorylation to execute its pro-apoptotic activity. The Human Apoptotic Array findings revealed that SFB suppresses claspin expression, which in turn caused reduced phosphorylation of ATR, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), Wee1, and CDC25C, indicating disruption of ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway by SFB. Taken together, these findings indicate that SFB acts as a potent anticancer compound against 5FU-resistant OSCC by modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Phosphorylation

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An Electrochemical HbA1c Immunosensor With a Simple Electrode of Gold Nanoparticle Monolayer

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2023年第15期23卷 16579-16584页

作者： Tseng, Chun-Chiang Lin, Ying-Ting Wang, Gou-Jen National Chung-Hsing University Department of Mechanical Engineering Taichung40227 Taiwan National Chung-Hsing University Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Taichung40227 Taiwan National Chung-Hsing University Department of Mechanical Engineering The Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering Taichung40227 Taiwan

This study developed a novel electrochemical glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) immunosensor. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as a substrate. After gold (Au) film sputtering on the PET surface, 1,6-hexanedithol with thiol groups on both terminals was used as an intermediary to attach a monolayer of uniformly distributed Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) to the Au thin film to form a nanostructured electrode. HbA1c antibodies were successfully immobilized on the AuNP monolayer via the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) approach. To mimic a real clinical detection environment, a calibration curve for HbA1c detection was performed in a mixture solution containing heparin sodium, red blood cell (RBC) lysis buffer, artificial human serum, and hemoglobin. The experimental results revealed that the proposed HbA1c immunosensor detected HbA1c in a linear range from 2500 to 10 000 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 2253 ng/mL. The developed HbA1c-sensing chip offers the advantages of simple operation, low cost, short detection time, and provides high feasibility for clinical application. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles

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Cardiovascular risk of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist versus agonist in men with prostate cancer: an observational study in Taiwan (Jun, 10.1038/s41391-022-00555-0, 2022)

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PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES 2023年第3期26卷 631-632页

作者： Shao, Yu-Hsuan Joni Hong, Jian-Hua Chen, Chun-Kai Huang, Chao-Yuan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Clinical Big Data Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Urology National Taiwan University Hospital College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch Hsinchu Taiwan

Background The impact of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist and agonist (GnRHa) treatment on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in prostate cancer (PCa) remains inconclusive due to conflicting findings. We compared the effects of GnRH antagonist and GnRHa treatments on CVD risk in patients with PCa and pre-existing CVD, in a Taiwan population-based *** We assessed the risk of major adverse CV events (MACE: ischemic heart disease [IHD], stroke, congestive heart failure [CHF] or all cause deaths) and composite CV events (IHD, stroke, CHF or CV deaths) occurring ≥90 days after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) initiation in patients with PCa after 90 days of treatment with either GnRH antagonist (degarelix; n = 499) or GnRHa (goserelin, leuprolide, triptorelin; n = 15,127). Patients identified with pre-existing CVD had received cardiac therapy for IHD, reported a stroke or CHF within a year before ADT initiation. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained for MACE and composite CV events risk after adjusting for age, baseline status of diabetes, hypertension and treatments *** All GnRH antagonist-treated patients showed lower risk of composite CV events than the GnRHa-treated patients. The lower composite CV events risk associated with GnRH antagonist was also observed in patients with metastasis at diagnosis (aHR 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04–0.38; p = 0.013) and those receiving ADT for more than six months (aHR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.16–0.54; p < 0.0001). In patients with pre-existing CVD, the MACE risk was 33% lower (aHR 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46–0.96; p = 0.0299) and composite CV events risk was 84% lower (aHR 0.16; 95% CI, 0.05–0.50; p = 0.0017) in GnRH antagonist-treated than the GnRHa-treated *** In patients with PCa and pre-existing CVD, GnRH antagonist use was associated with lower risks for composite CV events and MACE compared with GnRHa.

关键词： Cancer therapy Prostate cancer

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Prescribing Decision Support System for Patient Safety and to Prevent Fraud and Overspending in Indonesian National Health Insurance 23

Prescribing Decision Support System for Patient Safety and t...

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7th International Conference on Medical and Health informatics, ICMHI 2023

作者： Nugroho, Daniel Chriswinanto Adityo Chrisantyo, Lukas Adisaputro, Katherina Septarda, Ardhinta Naibaho, Yosep Parlindungan Su, Emily Chia-Yu Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taiwan Faculty of Medicine Duta Wacana Christian University Indonesia Faculty of Information Technology Duta Wacana Christian University Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700712

Prescription errors can have serious consequences, leading to harm and increased healthcare costs. Therefore, the development of Prescription Decision Support Systems (DSS) is crucial. This is a knowledge-based DSS, consisting of symptoms data dictionary, drug data dictionary, and a symptoms-drug relationship. The DSS helps prevent omission errors, overprescribing, and fraud by generating warning messages if physicians input non-matched symptoms with listed drugs or prescribe non-formulary drugs for National Health Insurance patients. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Health insurance

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Synthesis of bioactive evodiamine and rutaecarpine analogues under ball milling conditions

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Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry 2024年第13期22卷 2620-2629页

作者： Hu, Hao-Chun Yu, Szu-Yin Tsai, Yi-Hong Hsieh, Pei-Wen Wang, Hui-Chun Chen, Yan-Ning Chuang, Ya-Ting Lee, Min-Yu Chang, Hsueh-Wei Wu, Yang-Chang Chang, Fang-Rong Szatmári, István Fülöp, Ferenc Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung80708 Taiwan Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry HUN-REN-Stereochemistry Research Group University of Szeged Szeged6720 Hungary Graduate Institute of Natural Products School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan333 Taiwan Institute of Pharmacognosy University of Szeged Szeged6720 Hungary Department of Pharmacy and Master Program College of Pharmacy and Health Care Tajen University Pingtung County907101 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan333 Taiwan Department of General Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi613 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology PhD Program in Life Sciences College of Life Science Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung80708 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung80708 Taiwan Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City242062 Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City242062 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung404 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University Taichung404 Taiwan Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807378 Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807378 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan

Mechanochemical reactions achieved by processes such as milling and grinding are promising alternatives to traditional solution-based chemistry. This approach not only eliminates the need for large amounts of solvents, thereby reducing waste generation, but also finds applications in chemical and materials synthesis. The focus of this study is on the synthesis of quinazolinone derivatives by ball milling, in particular evodiamine and rutaecarpine analogues. These compounds are of interest due to their diverse bioactivities, including potential anticancer properties. The study examines the reactions carried out under ball milling conditions, emphasizing their efficiency in terms of shorter reaction times and reduced environmental impact compared to conventional methods. The ball milling reaction of evodiamine and rutaecarpine analogues resulted in yields of 63-78% and 22-61%, respectively. In addition, these compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity, and evodiamine exhibited an IC50 of 0.75 ± 0.04 μg mL−1 against the Ca9-22 cell line. At its core, this research represents a new means to synthesise these compounds, providing a more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative to traditional approaches. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Ball milling

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Genomic alterations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2023年第1期9卷 212-236页

作者： Sara E.Young Ramja Sritharan Daniela Sia Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 11029USA Division of Liver Diseases Department of MedicineTisch Cancer InstituteLiver Cancer ProgramIcahn School of Medicine atMount SinaiNew YorkNY 11029USA

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is an aggressive and heterogeneous biliary cancer with a poor prognosis and limited treatment *** molecular pathogenesis of iCCA involves a highly complex process entailing multiple genetic alterations and dysregulation of signaling *** advancements in our understanding of the genetic landscape of iCCA have opened new opportunities for therapeutic *** such as next-generation sequencing(NGS)have contributed to elucidating the genetic heterogeneity of iCCA,leading to the identification of numerous potentially actionable genetic *** these advances,the prognosis of iCCA patients remains *** this review,we provide an extensive summary of the current knowledge on genetic alterations in iCCA,their biological impact on patients,potential therapeutic targets,approved targeted therapies,and ongoing clinical trials with targeted ***,we discuss the main technologies available for studying genetic alterations and their advantages and ***,we highlight future directions in studying genetic alterations and the development of new targeted therapies and personalized medicine approaches.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma iCCA cancer genetic alterations targeted therapy precision medicine

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Unitig-centered pan-genome machine learning approach for predicting antibiotic resistance and discovering novel resistance genes in bacterial strains

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Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2024年 23卷 1864-1876页

作者： Do, Duyen Thi Yang, Ming-Ren Vo, Tran Nam Son Le, Nguyen Quoc Khanh Wu, Yu-Wei Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Business Administration College of Management Lunghwa University of Science and Technology Taoyuan City Taiwan Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Clinical Big Data Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

In current genomic research, the widely used methods for predicting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) often rely on prior knowledge of known AMR genes or reference genomes. However, these methods have limitations, potentially resulting in imprecise predictions owing to incomplete coverage of AMR mechanisms and genetic variations. To overcome these limitations, we propose a pan-genome-based machine learning approach to advance our understanding of AMR gene repertoires and uncover possible feature sets for precise AMR classification. By building compacted de Brujin graphs (cDBGs) from thousands of genomes and collecting the presence/absence patterns of unique sequences (unitigs) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we determined that using machine learning models on unitig-centered pan-genomes showed significant promise for accurately predicting the antibiotic resistance or susceptibility of microbial strains. Applying a feature-selection-based machine learning algorithm led to satisfactory predictive performance for the training dataset (with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of > 0.929) and an independent validation dataset (AUC, approximately 0.77). Furthermore, the selected unitigs revealed previously unidentified resistance genes, allowing for the expansion of the resistance gene repertoire to those that have not previously been described in the literature on antibiotic resistance. These results demonstrate that our proposed unitig-based pan-genome feature set was effective in constructing machine learning predictors that could accurately identify AMR pathogens. Gene sets extracted using this approach may offer valuable insights into expanding known AMR genes and forming new hypotheses to uncover the underlying mechanisms of bacterial AMR. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Genes

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Self-supervised neural network for phase retrieval in QDPC microscopy

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Optics Express 2023年第12期31卷 19897-19908页

作者： Chen, Ying-Ju Vyas, Sunil Huang, Hsuan-Ming Luo, Yuan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan YongLin Institute of Health National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan

Quantitative differential phase contrast (QDPC) microscope plays an important role in biomedical research since it can provide high-resolution images and quantitative phase information for thin transparent objects without staining. With weak phase assumption, the retrieval of phase information in QDPC can be treated as a linearly inverse problem which can be solved by Tikhonov regularization. However, the weak phase assumption is limited to thin objects, and tuning the regularization parameter manually is inconvenient. A self-supervised learning method based on deep image prior (DIP) is proposed to retrieve phase information from intensity measurements. The DIP model that takes intensity measurements as input is trained to output phase image. To achieve this goal, a physical layer that synthesizes the intensity measurements from the predicted phase is used. By minimizing the difference between the measured and predicted intensities, the trained DIP model is expected to reconstruct the phase image from its intensity measurements. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we conducted two phantom studies and reconstructed the micro-lens array and standard phase targets with different phase values. In the experimental results, the deviation of the reconstructed phase values obtained from the proposed method was less than 10% of the theoretical values. Our results show the feasibility of the proposed methods to predict quantitative phase with high accuracy, and no use of ground truth phase. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous system:Bioelectronic technology and prospective developments

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BMEMat(biomedical Engineering Materials) 2024年第1期2卷 88-114页

作者： Hayoung Song Moohyun Kim Enji Kim Jakyoung Lee Inhea Jeong Kyeonghee Lim Seoung Young Ryu Myoungjae Oh Younhee Kim Jang-Ung Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)SeoulSouth Korea Department of Neurosurgery Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering(NanoBME) Advanced Science InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The peripheral nervous system(PNS)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of *** efficient functioning is paramount to our health,with any dysfunction often resulting in serious medical conditions,including motor disorders,neurological diseases,and psychiatric *** strides in science and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNS a promising avenue for addressing these health *** involves modifying nerve activity using a range of techniques,such as electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical *** plays a critical role in this effort,allowing for precise,controlled,and sustained stimulation of the *** paper provides an overview of the PNS,discusses the current state of neuromodulation devices,and presents emerging trends in the field,including advances in wireless power transfer and materials,that are shaping the future of neuromodulation.

关键词： bioelectronics neuromodulation peripheral nervous system

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