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Low-cost,simple,and scalable self-assembly of DNA origami nanostructures

Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 1207-1215页

作者： Patrick D.Halley Randy A.Patton Amjad Chowdhury John C.Byrd Carlos E.Castro Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicineand OSU Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Biophysics Graduate Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Despite demonstrating exciting potential for applications such as drug delivery and biosensing,the development of nanodevices for practical applications and broader use in research and education are still hindered by the time,effort,and cost associated with DNA origami *** and robust methods to perform and scale the DNA origami self-assembly process are critical to facilitate broader use and translation to industrial or clinical *** report a simple approach to fold DNA origami nanostructures that is fast,robust,and *** demonstrate fabrication at scales approximately 100-1,500-fold higher than typical *** further demonstrate an approach we termed low-cost efficient annealing (LEAN) self-assembly involving initial heating at 65 ℃ for 10 min,then annealing at 51 ℃ for 2 h,followed by brief quenching at 4 ℃ that leads to effective assembly of a range of DNA origami structures *** contrast to other methods for scaling DNA origami assembly,this approach can be carried out using cheap and widely available equipment (e.g.,hot plates,water baths,and laboratory burners) and uses standard recipes and materials so is readily applied to any existing or new DNA origami *** envision these methods can facilitate device development for commercial applications and facilitate broader use of DNA origami in research and education.

关键词： DNA origami DNA nanotechnology self assembly scalable nanofabrication low cost fabrication nanotechnology education

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Block Copolymer Thin Films Above and Below the Order-Disorder Transition Temperature

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期629卷 1-6页

作者： Ratchana Limary Peter F. Green Dept. of Chemical Engineering and the Graduate Program in Materials Science The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA

Symmetric diblock copolymers undergo a disorder to order transition below a microphase separation transition temperature. In this temperature range the structure is characterized by alternating lamellae of thickness L. In thin film geometries, the lamellae are oriented normal to the substrate if there is a preferential interaction between either of the block constituents and the substrate/copolymer or copolymer/vacuum interfaces. Depending on the relation between the film thickness and L, the topography of the film might comprise of holes, islands or spinodal-like structures. We show that in a polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer of molecular weight 20, 000 g/mol, above the microphase separation transition temperature, the topography of the film depends on the thickness. A heirarchy of bicontinuous patterns and holes is observed with increasing film thickness for films thinner than 35 nm.

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When quantum dots meet blue phase liquid crystal elastomers:visualized full-color and mechanically-switchable circularly polarized luminescence

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1210-1220页

作者： Shan Li Yuqi Tang Qingyan Fan Ziyuan Li Xinfang Zhang Jingxia Wang Jinbao Guo Quan Li Key Laboratory of Carbon Fibers and Functional Polymers Ministry of Educationand College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology100029BeijingChina Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State UniversityKentOH44242USA CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences100190BeijingChina

Polymer-based circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials with the advantage of diversified structure,easy fabrication,high thermal stability,and tunable properties have garnered considerable ***,adequate and precise tuning over CPL in polymer-based materials remains challenging due to the difficulty in regulating chiral ***,visualized full-color CPL is achieved by doping red,green,and blue quantum dots(QDs)into reconfigurable blue phase liquid crystal elastomers(BPLCEs).In contrast to the CPL signal observed in cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers(CLCEs),the chiral 3D cubic superstructure of BPLCEs induces an opposite CPL ***,this effect is entirely independent of photonic bandgaps(PBGs)and results in a high glum value,even without matching between PBGs and the emission bands of ***,the lattice structure of the BPLCEs can be reversibly switched via mechanical stretching force,inducing on-off switching of the CPL signals,and these variations can be further fixed using dynamic disulfide bonds in the ***,the smart polymer-based CPL systems using the BPLCEs for anti-counterfeiting and information encryption have been demonstrated,suggesting the great potential of the BPLCEs-based CPL active materials.

关键词： circular quantum crystal

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Toxicity of the emerging pollutants propylparaben and dichloropropylparaben to terrestrial plants

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第33期31卷 45834-45846页

作者： Okon, Caio Rocha, Mylena Bathke de Souza Ratuchinski, Lizandra Santo, Diego Espirito Duarte, Charla Chaionara Schults de Lima Feitoza, Lidiane Junior, Osvaldo Valarini Ferreira, Paulo Michel Pinheiro de Almeida, Edson Araújo Halmemam, Maria Cristina Oliveira dade SilvaOliveira, Danielle Cristina da Silva Gonzalez, Regiane de Souza, Débora Cristina Peron, Ana Paula Chemical Enginnering Course Federal Technological University of Paraná Paraná Campo Mourão Brazil Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal Technological University of Paraná Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil Academic Department of Biological Sciences Federal University of Piauí Piauí Teresina Brazil Academic Department of Food and Chemical Engineering Federal Technological University of Paraná Paraná Campo Mourão Brazil Academic Department of Biophysics and Physiology Federal University of Piauí Piauí Teresina Brazil Graduate Program in Chemistry State University of Maringá Paraná Maringá Brazil Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Federal Technological University of Paraná Paraná Campo Mourão Brazil Academic Department of Chemistry Federal Technological University of Paraná Paraná Campo Mourão Brazil Graduate Program in Food Technology Federal Technological University of Paraná Paraná Campo Mourão Brazil Graduate Program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Paraná Paraná Brazil Graduate Program in Technological Innovations Federal Technological University of Paraná Via Rosalina Maria Dos Santos Paraná Campo Mourão1233 Brazil

Propylparaben (PrP) and dichloropropylparaben (diClPrP) are found in soil worldwide, mainly due to the incorporation of urban sludge in crop soils and the use of non-raw wastewater for irrigation. Studies on the adverse effects of PrP on plants are incipient and not found for diClPrP. PrP and diClPrP were evaluated at concentrations 4, 40, and 400 µg/L for their phytotoxic potential to seeds of Allium cepa (onion), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), Lycopersicum sculentum (tomato), and Lactuca sativa (lettuce), and cytotoxic, genotoxic potential, and for generating oxygen-reactive substances in root meristems of A. cepa bulbs. PrP and diClPrP caused a significant reduction in seed root elongation in all four species. In A. cepa bulb roots, PrP and diClPrP resulted in a high prophase index;in addition, PrP at 400 µg/L and diClPrP at the three concentrations significantly decreased cell proliferation and caused alterations in a significant number of cells. Furthermore, diClPrP concentrations induced the development of hooked roots in onion bulbs. The two chemical compounds caused significant changes in the modulation of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase, disarming the root meristems against hydroxyl radicals and superoxides. Therefore, PrP and diClPrP were phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic to the species tested, proving dangerous to plants. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Oxygen

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Effects of environmental conditions on characteristics of annatto seed by-product

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Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops and Foods 2012年第5期4卷 e20-e28页

作者： Demczuk, Bogdan Hoffmann Ribani, Rosemary Graduate Program of Food Engineering Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Paraná - UFPR Curitiba Paraná Brazil

Introduction: The processing of annatto seeds yields a low-cost by-product known as annatto seed by-product. Due to its remarkable bixin levels, which is a natural antioxidant, the annatto seed by-product could be used in animal feed supplementation. As a low-moisture product, it is important to know information about hygroscopic behavior, changes during storage, package selection and drying equipment design. Objectives: The annatto seed by-product's hygroscopic behavior was studied at 25°C and 35°C by using saturated salt solutions and the static method. Methods: During storage with different relative air humidity, the annatto seed by-product's isosteric heat of sorption, bixin content and instrumental color parameters were evaluated. Results: The isotherms exhibited type III behavior and the Kühn model properly fitted the annatto seed by-product's equilibrium moisture data. Above 75% air relative humidity, agglomeration, darkening and fungal development were observed. The isosteric heat of sorption decreased with an increase in moisture content. Conclusion: Once the equilibrium was established, bixin losses (approximately 43% of the content) and color changes were more prominent at 35°C, especially under 68% relative humidity. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Isotherms

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P-175: Profile of heterostructured host for phosphorescent OLED and its application to the white lighting devices with low driving voltage

P-175: Profile of heterostructured host for phosphorescent O...

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作者： Hyun, Woo Jin Park, O. Ok Chin, Byung Doo Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering BK21 Graduate Program Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Republic of Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Dankook University Yongin Gyeonggi Korea Republic of

The electrophosphorescent OLED with heterostructured (mixed) light emission layer was characterized. Base on the best combination profile of mixed emitter obtained, we have fabricated the white OLEDs, where the selective cross-patterning technique was employed for the spatial variation of emitting layer thickness. The corresponding lower driving voltage and stable color characteristics were investigated. © 2011 SID.

关键词： Phosphorescence

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Mass Transfer Performance of Ethanol Removal by CO2 Stripping in Different Pneumatic Bioreactors

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Industrial Biotechnology 2020年第2期16卷 81-90页

作者： Martins, Taise B. Almeida, Letícia P. Cerri, Marcel O. Badino, Alberto C. Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering Federal University of São Carlos C.P. 676 São Carlos SP13565-905 Brazil Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of São Paulo State Araraquara SP Brazil

The hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of ethanol stripping with CO2 were evaluated for a 2.0-L pneumatic bioreactor operated in bubble column (BC), concentric-tube airlift (CTA), and split-cylinder airlift (SCA) configurations, as well as for bubble columns with three different working volumes (2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 L). The results showed that an increase of the global gas hold-up (G) did not enhance ethanol removal in any of these prototypes. The volumetric ethanol removal coefficient (kLEa) values were very similar for the three models, despite the higher G obtained for the CTA configuration. The same behavior was observed for the three scales of BC prototypes, except for distinct behavior observed at the 10.0-L scale operated above 2.5 vvm. In order to predict kLEa for different scales and operational conditions, a dimensionless correlation was proposed for the Sherwood number, which provided an excellent fit to the experimental data, with few points exceeding ±10% deviation. The ethanol concentration factor (FC) values increased with decrease of the specific gas flow rates, with the highest FC value of around 6.0 (6 times the original solution concentration) obtained for the 10.0-L scale of BC. Therefore, increasing the prototype size led to an increase of Fc, resulting in greater ethanol enrichment of the gas stream leaving the equipment. © 2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2020.

关键词： Mass transfer

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Replacing diesel with biogas in decentralized electricity generation systems: a feasibility assessment from workers’ perspective with a modified Human Development Index (HDI) approach

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Socio-Ecological Practice Research 2024年第3期6卷 263-281页

作者： da Silva Miranda, Denis de Araujo, Jaylton Bonacina Kulay, Luiz Chemical Engineering Department Polytechnic School University of São Paulo (USP) São Paulo Brazil Graduate Program in Urban Environmental Sustainability (PPGSAU) Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) Curitiba Brazil

Despite Brazil's high electricity universalization rates, around 1 million Amazon inhabitants need access to this service. An environmentally sustainable way of solving the problem is using biogas from agricultural residues as fuel for electricity cogeneration. This study explores the social effects of this solution, aiming to support more sustainable development for the Brazilian Amazon based on the conscious use of resources and the active involvement of the local population. We compare the social performance of diesel electricity generation (the current scenario) with that of biogas-operated systems for three locations in the Amazon: Aveiro, Porto de Moz, and Prainha. To this end, the following steps were carried out: (i) characterize the analysis scenarios, (ii) determine the personnel associated with each project, (iii) estimate normalized social performance indices considering aspects such as health, education, and income, for the calculation of the Workers' Human Development Index (W-HDI) in different situations, and (iv) analyze the results and formulate a recommendation. The disparities between W-HDI values for the renewable and non-renewable scenarios were less than 10%, even though a slightly better effect concerning diesel systems was observed for Aveiro and Prainha. Conversely, a local biogas energy generation system can generate up to 6 times more wages and 5.5 times more jobs, exhibiting a great potential to reduce social inequalities in these traditionally poor regions. The W-HDI proved a valuable metric for measuring social impacts for a sector devoid of data like the one analyzed herein. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Amazon Biogas Energy production Human Development Index Social life cycle assessment Workers

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Studies of exposure UV light, soil Burial, and storage ability effect on characteristics of biocomposite films

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 87卷 218-224页

作者： Fitriani F. Aprilia S. Arahman N. Bilad M.R. Djuned F. Fathanah U. Meilina H. Amin A. Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Faculty of Intergrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410 Brunei Darussalam Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty University of Abulyatama Lampoh Keude-Aceh Besar Indonesia

UV exposure, soil burial, and storage ability tests were carried out on biocomposite films with different concentrations of nanocrystal cellulose to study their biodegradability and morphological properties compared to neat whey protein films. The addition of nanocrystal cellulose as a natural filler to the whey protein based film can change a variety of properties such as strength, shelf life, biodegradability, and resistance to environmental conditions that are required in food packaging. The degradation films were assessed by UV exposure and soil burial tests. On the other hand, packaging ability is analyzed through storage tests under controlled conditions. After the analysis, changes in physical, chemical, and morphological properties were observed in the biocomposite film. From these results, we can conclude that the whey protein film with the addition of 3% nanocrystal cellulose would be a more favorable choice because of its better properties and suitability for the proposed biodegradable food packaging application. © 2023

关键词： Biocomposite films Biodegradability Nanocrystal cellulose Storage ability Whey protein isolate

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Training beyond the classroom: Case Study of the Impact of a Undergraduate Teaching Assistantship program

Training beyond the classroom: Case Study of the Impact of a...

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2022 IEEE IFEES World engineering Education Forum - Global engineering Deans Council, WEEF-GEDC 2022

作者： Gurganus, Jamie Blorstad, Richard Headley, Makayla Engineering and Computing Education Program and Mechanical Engineering and Graduate School University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States Chemical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475280

In an effort to continue to help provide various and thriving experiences to engineering undergraduates and help increase retention, a mid-size university uses a high impact practice of using peer teachers in the classroom. It is a standard practice to use graduate teaching assistants in most areas of higher education, especially in engineering classes, discussions, labs or just to hold office hours and grade. However, an increasing number of universities have adopted and leveraged undergraduate teaching assistants as it demonstrates to effectively improve students' grades, retention, student self-efficacy, and provide some financial relief to academic institutions [1]. The impact of using peer teachers is especially evident in the first and second years in engineering. Students who participate in the role are third year or above demonstrate expertise, leadership, and an interest in teaching as part of their development. At a mid-size minority serving institution, an undergraduate teaching assistant (termed as teaching fellow) was developed informally in 2005 in the mechanical and chemical engineering department and expanded in 2017 to the entire College of engineering and Informational Technology. In this case study, alumni and current teaching fellows were interviewed to assess the impact of their experiences and how it influenced their educational experience in their major and current career. Several themes were discovered to include increased professional and personal skill sets, self-efficacy in engineering, motivation to participate in the program, impact on career, creation of community and improvements needed to the program. A few teaching fellows decided to continue to be a p12 teacher. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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