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Effects of carbon dioxide concentration and swine wastewater on the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris FSP-E and bioethanol production from microalgae biomass

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Applied Energy 2024年 369卷

作者： Condor, Billriz E. de Luna, Mark Daniel G. Lacson, Carl Francis Z. Acebu, Paula Isabel G. Abarca, Ralf Ruffel M. Nagarajan, Dillirani Lee, Duu-Jong Chang, Jo-Shu Energy Engineering Program National Graduate School of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Quezon City1101 Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines Center of Excellence in Environmental Catalysis and Adsorption Thammasat University Pathum Thani12121 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology Iligan City9200 Philippines College of Hydrosphere Science Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City811532 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Tang Hong Kong Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University 407 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Chung-Li Taiwan

The study investigated the potential of wastewater-derived microalgae as a cost-effective feedstock for bioethanol production. The influence of CO2 loading, use of swine wastewater as a nutrient source, effect of micronutrients in the cultivation media, and scale-up of Chlorella vulgaris FSP-E was conducted. Results showed that 2% CO2, 25% swine wastewater, 500 mg/L sodium nitrate, 40 mg/L K2HPO4, 75 mg/L MgSO4, and 6 mg/L citric acid were optimal for maximal biomass production, nitrate removal, and carbohydrate accumulation in BG-11 medium. The maximum biomass and carbohydrate content obtained in this study were 35-fold and 60%, respectively. Scaling up to 5 L volume was challenging due to illumination, aeration, and mixing issues. The obtained carbohydrate-rich biomass was subjected to mild sulfuric acid hydrolysis and subsequently used for bioethanol fermentation. The hydrolysate was composed solely of glucose and galactose and was converted into bioethanol within 8 h by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an ethanol yield of 0.22 ± 0.01 g ethanol per g biomass. Further exploration of effective lighting and mixing strategies are recommended to realize economically viable microalgal biofuels. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biomass

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Reusable Hydrogen Storage Tank with Flange Design

Reusable Hydrogen Storage Tank with Flange Design

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International Conference on Applied System Innovation (ICASI)

作者： Yun-Qi Li Hsuan-Jung Chen Hsi-Wen Yang Chih-Yuan Chen Shao-Fu Chang Ssu-Ying Chen Chien-Chon Chen College of Engineering and Science Ph.D. Program in Materials and Chemical Engineering National United University Miaoli Taiwan Department of Chemistry Michigan State University MI USA Department of Materials Engineering National United University Miaoli Taiwan Graduate Institute of Intellectual Property National Taipei University of Technology Taiwan Department of Energy Engineering National United University Miaoli Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350394924

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394931

For how to store and transport hydrogen, the first thought is to store hydrogen directly in the cylinder. However, this method is not desirable, because generally at least 700 atm high pressure, the hydrogen contained in the cylinder to be useful. Therefore it is very unsafe at such high pressures. In This paper, we design and production of a new generation of solid-state hydrogen storage and discharge container. The goal of “development of solid-state hydrogen storage technology” is to break through the bottlenecks of hydrogen storage technology safety, hydrogen storage density, high-efficiency hydrogen absorption and release, transportation safety, and engineering practice.

关键词： Technological innovation Hydrogen storage Temperature Surface resistance Hydrogen Transportation Production

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Performance characterization of a novel compact dust collector with pleated filter cartridges

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Separation and Purification Technology 2023年 305卷

作者： Huang, A.N. Hsu, W.Y. Fukasawa, T. Ishigami, T. Fukui, K. Kuo, H.P. Green Technology Research Center Chang Gung University Taoyuan33302 Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan33305 Taiwan Chemical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan

A compact dust collector loaded with four pleated filter cartridges is numerically studied by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The performance of the dust collector is evaluated during filtration and during backwashing, and the predictions are compared with the experimental results. In the filtration operation, the upper right corner entry design effectively guides the airflow to the two sides of the four cartridges through the air opposite-side-wall impacting and rebounding. A relatively poor filtration is found at the right side of the left lower cartridge. The CFD predictions agree well with the experimental data in terms of showing better backwash cleaning performances of the lower cartridges and at the cartridge front positions. During the 50 ms pulse-jet backwashing, the difference between the maximum and minimum air mass flow rates through a total of 16 × 2 inject holes is less than 4.0%. The high pressure of 0.5 MPa draws the air flowing from the normal exit, which acts as the majority of the backwashing air (ca. 73.7%). The hydrostatic pressure acting on the four cartridges is greater than 1750 Pa in 80% of the pulse-jet cleaning time. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Fucoxanthin induces human melanoma cytotoxicity by thwarting the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL signaling axis

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第6期39卷 3356-3366页

作者： Kuo, Min-Yung Dai, Wen-Chyi Chang, Jie-Li Chang, Jo-Shu Lee, Tse-Min Chang, Chia-Che Pediatric Surgery Division Department of Surgery Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital Taichung Taiwan Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Taichung Municipal Taichung First Senior High School Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Life Sciences National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences Master Program in Precision Health Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Melanoma is the most lethal skin malignancy. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid with significant anticancer activities. Intriguingly, Fucoxanthin's impact on human melanoma remains elusive. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) represents a promising target in cancer therapy due to its persistent activation in various cancers, including melanoma. Herein, we revealed that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic to human melanoma cell lines A2758 and A375 while showing limited cytotoxicity to normal human melanocytes. Apoptosis is a primary reason for Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity, as the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk drastically abrogated Fucoxanthin-elicited clonogenicity blockage. Besides, Fucoxanthin downregulated tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)), either inherently present in melanoma cells or inducible by interleukin 6 (IL-6) stimulation. Notably, ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant, abolished Fucoxanthin-elicited melanoma cell apoptosis and clonogenicity inhibition, supporting the pivotal role of STAT3 blockage in Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity. Moreover, Fucoxanthin lowered BCL-xL levels by blocking STAT3 activation, while ectopic BCL-xL expression rescued melanoma cells from Fucoxanthin-induced killing. Lastly, Fucoxanthin was found to diminish the levels of JAK2 with dual phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 1007 and 1008 in melanoma cells, suggesting that Fucoxanthin impairs STAT3 signaling by blocking JAK2 activation. Collectively, we present the first evidence that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic selectively against human melanoma cells while sparing normal melanocytes. Mechanistically, Fucoxanthin targets the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL antiapoptotic axis to provoke melanoma cell death. This discovery implicates the potential application of Fucoxanthin as a chemopreventive or therapeutic strategy for melanoma management. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Carotenoids

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Novel synthesis of ZIF67 derived cobalt and nickel oxides induced by ammonium tetrafluoroborate as electroactive material of battery supercapacitor hybrids

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Journal of Energy Storage 2023年 68卷

作者： Kuo, Tsung-Rong Draviana, Hanny Tika Hsu, Chia-Shuo Chung, Ren-Jei Chen, Min-Wen Wang, Su-Ching Lee, Pin-Yan Yougbaré, Sibidou Lin, Lu-Yin Wu, Yung-Fu International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan BP 218 11 Nanoro Burkina Faso Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan

Cobalt and nickel oxides with large theoretical capacitance, high redox activity and low-cost features are widely applied as electroactive material of battery supercapacitor hybrids (BSH) to reduce energy consumption and create renewable energy. Synthesizing cobalt and nickel oxides using zeolitic imidazolate framework 67 (ZIF67) can enhance conductivity and electroactivity and maintain surface area and porosity of ZIF67. Structure directing agent (SDA) can control morphology and improve electrochemical performance. It is attractive to apply SDA for controlling morphology of oxidized ZIF67 and achieving excellent energy storage. In this work, ammonium tetrafluoroborate (NH4BF4) is firstly applied as SDA to synthesize ZIF67 derivative, which is then annealed to form leaf-like cobalt and nickel oxides as electroactive material. The optimal oxidized ZIF67 derivative shows a larger specific capacitance (CF) of 828.9 F/g than those of 519.9 and 5.0 F/g respectively for the oxidized ZIF67 and pristine ZIF67 electrodes, due to preferable leaf-like structure and (311) facet for the former case. A BSH with oxidized ZIF67 derivative positive electrode and graphene negative electrode shows maximum energy density of 10.2 Wh/kg at 357 W/kg, and CF retention of 91% and Coulombic efficiency of 97% after 10,000 cycles. The novel SDA of NH4BF4 is expected to design other efficient electroactive materials for effective energy storage. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Nickel oxide

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In silico Metabolic Flux Data Flexibilization for Advanced Bioreactor Control Applications

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Industrial Biotechnology 2020年第2期16卷 61-66页

作者： Mesquita, Thiago José Barbosa Giordano, Roberto De Campos Zangirolami, Teresa Cristina Horta, Antonio Carlos Luperni Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering Federal University of São Carlos Rodovia Washington Luís km 235 São Carlos SP13565-905 Brazil

The usual bioreactor control approaches are not reliable at low oxygen concentrations. So, the integration of machine learning along with systems biology may provide an alternative to overcome obstacles like the lack of sensibility of standard dissolved oxygen sensors. In this work, simulated metabolic data were used to obtain an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that could be used as a simplified version of the metabolic model for online control purposes. Several growth conditions regarding oxygen limitation were run in silico using the Optflux software and the iND750 genetic scale model for yeasts. All the obtained in silico data was used to train and evaluate several structures of ANN. The best ANN architecture was later applied to experimental data for validation. An ANN with two hidden layers and 10 neurons each could successfully learn the respiratory quotient patterns for maximal ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This ANN structure also correctly predicted the experimental data used for validation. This surrogate model can be easily further applied in micro-aeration control strategies. © 2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2020.

关键词： Neural networks

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Titanium Nanoparticles: Biosynthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial/Photocatalytic Activity

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Muraro, Pâmela Cristine Ladwig Wouters, Robson Dias Chuy, Gabriela Pereira Vizzotto, Bruno Stefanelo Pavoski, Giovani Romano Espinosa, Denise Crocce Rech, Virginia Cielo da Silva, William Leonardo Nanoscience Graduate Program Franciscan University RS Santa Maria Brazil Polytechnical School of Chemical Engineering University of the Sao Paulo SP São Paulo Brazil Escola de Engenharia de Lorena Chemical Engineering Department Brazil

The present work aims to biosynthesize and characterize titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs) from Aloe vera to evaluate antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic activity for degradation of the RhB. TiNPs were characterized by XRD, SEM, ZP, and N2 porosimetry. Antimicrobial activity was carried out using the MIC method. CRCD was used to determine ideal conditions. XRD diffractogram showed characteristic peaks of TiNPs with an average crystallite size of 32 nm. SEM micrographs showed a spherical shape. TiNPs had a negative charge surface with type V and H1 hysteresis and a specific surface area of 118.38 m2 g-1, pore volume, and pore diameter of 0.2 cm3 g-1 and 9.2 nm. About antimicrobial activity, it was observed that no inhibition of any pathogen. The photocatalytic activity showed 90% RhB degradation to the ideal condition. Therefore, TiNPs can be considered an environmentally and economically promising nanoparticles for the degradation of organic pollutants. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Molecular insight of dissolved organic matter and chlorinated disinfection by-products in reclaimed water during chlorination with permanganate preoxidation

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Chemosphere 2024年 349卷 140807页

作者： Hu, Wei Niu, Xi-Zhi Chen, Huan Ye, Bei Liang, Jun-Kun Guan, Yun-Tao Wu, Qian-Yuan Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221 United States Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Science Clemson University SC29634 United States

Permanganate is a common preoxidant applied in water treatment to remove organic pollutants and to reduce the formation of disinfection by-products. However, the effect of permanganate preoxidation on the transformation of dissolved effluent organic matter (dEfOM) and on the formation of unknown chlorinated disinfection by-products (Cl-DBPs) during chlorination remains unknown at molecular level. In this work, the molecular changes of dEfOM during permanganate preoxidation and subsequent chlorination were characterized using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Permanganate preoxidation was found to decrease the DBE (double bond equivalent) and AImod (modified aromaticity index) of the dEfOM. The identity and fate of over 400 unknown Cl-DBPs during KMnO4-chlorine treatment were investigated. Most Cl-DBPs and the precursors were found to be highly unsaturated aliphatic and phenolic compounds. The Cl-DBPs precursors with lower H/C and lower O/C were preferentially removed by permanganate preoxidation. Additionally, permanganate preoxidation decreased the number of unknown Cl-DBPs by 30% and intensity of unknown Cl-DBPs by 25%. One-chlorine-containing DBPs were the major Cl-DBPs and had more CH2 groups and higher DBEw than Cl-DBPs containing two and three chlorine atoms. 60% of the Cl-DBPs formation was attributed to substitution reactions (i.e., +Cl–H, +2Cl–2H, +3Cl–3H, +ClO–H, +Cl2O3–2H). This work provides detailed molecular level information on the efficacy of permanganate preoxidation on the control of overall Cl-DBPs formation during chlorination. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Chlorination

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Steel Mill Scale Nanoparticles Obtained by High-Energy Milling

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： de Oliveira, Elen Machado de Oliveira, Elis Machado De Noni, Agenor de Oliveira, Camila Machado Peterson, Michael Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of Extremo Sul Catarinense Santa Catarina Criciúma88806-000 Brazil Departament of Chemical and Food Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Santa Catarina Florianópolis88040-970 Brazil Barriga Verde University Center Santa Catarina Orleans88870-000 Brazil

Steel mill scale is a waste generated in the steel industry in the hot rolling process. In pursuit of its technological valorization, the material underwent 13 hours of wet high-energy milling at 2,500 rpm in three stages, with a reduction in the grinding elements. The influence of the process on the material structure was investigated. After milling, the steel mill scale reached a specific surface area of 50.408 m2/g, and transmission electron microscopy images showed particles in nanometric sizes. The comminution process resulted in the oxidation of the material to more stable iron oxides and a reduction in its crystallinity. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Improved camptothecin encapsulation and efficacy by environmentally sensitive block copolymer/chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles for targeting lung cancer cells

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2024年第Part2期277卷 133901页

作者： Don, Trong-Ming Hong, Yu-Ting Jheng, Pei-Ru Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Yi-Cheng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan College of Life Sciences Department of Food Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan

In this study, thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNP) was polymerized with pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to prepare a PAA-b-PNP block copolymer. Above its cloud point, the block copolymer self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs), encapsulating the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) in situ. Chitosan (CS) and fucoidan (Fu) further modified these NPs, forming Fu-CPT-NPs to enhance biocompatibility, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and loading content (LC), crucially facilitating P-selectin targeting of lung cancer cells through a drug delivery system. The EE and LC reached 82 % and 3.5 %, respectively. According to transmission electron microscope observation, these Fu-CPT-NPs had uniform spherical shapes with an average diameter of ca. 250 nm. They could maintain their stability in a pH range of 5.0–6.8. In vitro experimental results revealed that the Fu-CPT-NPs exhibited good biocompatibility and had anticancer activity after encapsulating CPT. It could deliver CPT to cancer cells by targeting P-selectin, effectively increasing cell uptake and inducing cell apoptosis. Animal study results showed that the Fu-CPT-NPs inhibited lung tumor growth by increasing tumor cell apoptosis without causing significant tissue damage related to generating reactive oxygen species in lung cancer cells. This system can effectively improve drug-delivery efficiency and treatment effects and has great potential for treating lung cancer. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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