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89th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2016

作者： Hong, Soklida Ratpukdi, Thunyalux Sivaguru, Jayaraman Khan, Eakalak Environmental and Conservation Sciences Program North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States International Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510870475

Glutaraldehyde (GA) has been used extensively as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing fluids leading to the contamination of the compound in flowback and produced waters. Photolysis of GA in water was performed under UV irradiation using monochromatic lamps with a wavelength of 254 nm. The results indicated that photolysis of GA followed pseudo-first order kinetics. GA can be photolyzed by UV at all studied conditions;however, the degradation rates of GA were different at different light intensities, pHs, initial GA concentrations and salt concentrations. The degradation rate of GA increased with increasing incident light intensity and decreasing pH. Increasing in initial GA concentration resulted in decreasing rate of GA. At lower salt concentrations, notable retardation of GA degradation rate was observed. Quenching experiments were also conducted to further explore the mechanisms of GA photolysis. Higher molecular weight compounds were identified as the main photolytic byproducts. Copyright ©2016 Water Environment Federation.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing

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Small hydropower spot prediction using SWAT and a diversion algorithm, case study: Upper Citarum Basin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1903卷

作者： Hadi Kardhana Doni Khaira Arya Iwan K. Hadihardaja Widyaningtyas Edi Riawan Atika Lubis 1Water Resources Engineering Research Group Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Indonesia 2Master of Civil Engineering Program Study Graduate School of ITB Indonesia 3Atmospheric Science Research Group Faculty of Earth Science and Technology ITB Indonesia

Small-Scale Hydropower (SHP) had been important electric energy power source in Indonesia. Indonesia is vast countries, consists of more than 17.000 islands. It has large fresh water resource about 3 m of rainfall and 2 m of runoff. Much of its topography is mountainous, remote but abundant with potential energy. Millions of people do not have sufficient access to electricity, some live in the remote places. Recently, SHP development was encouraged for energy supply of the places. Development of global hydrology data provides opportunity to predict distribution of hydropower potential. In this paper, we demonstrate run-of-river type SHP spot prediction tool using SWAT and a river diversion algorithm. The use of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) with input of CFSR (Climate Forecast System Re-analysis) of 10 years period had been implemented to predict spatially distributed flow cumulative distribution function (CDF). A simple algorithm to maximize potential head of a location by a river diversion expressing head race and penstock had been applied. Firm flow and power of the SHP were estimated from the CDF and the algorithm. The tool applied to Upper Citarum River Basin and three out of four existing hydropower locations had been well predicted. The result implies that this tool is able to support acceleration of SHP development at earlier phase.

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Development of robotic multisensor inspection system for used nuclear fuel canisters

Development of robotic multisensor inspection system for use...

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2016 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2016

作者： Lissenden, C.J. Motta, A.T. Brennan, Sean Reichard, Karl Jovanovic, I. Knight, T. Popovics, J. Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Nuclear Engineering Graduate Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL61801 United States

Dry storage of used nuclear fuel is an integral part of the fuel cycle and methods to inspect the canisters that confine the used fuel rods are being established. The challenges for inspection systems include geometric constraints, elevated temperature, and radiation. A novel robotic inspection system focusing on stress corrosion cracking capable of in-situ surface composition characterization and crack detection is under development. The delivery system, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for surface composition, and ultrasonic guided waves for crack detection are summarized herein.

关键词： Crack detection

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Study on resistant properties for cracking caused by shrinkage with volume change of concrete using high volume blast furnace slag cement 4

Study on resistant properties for cracking caused by shrinka...

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4th International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, SCMT 2016

作者： Arai, Jun-Ichi Ishizeki, Kousuke Kanda, Tetsushi Kojima, Masaro Mizobuchi, Toshiaki Major of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate school of Engineering and Design Doctoral Program HOSEI University 2-33 Tamachi-Ichigaya Shinjuku-kuTokyo162-0843 Japan Building Construction Group KAJIMA Technical Research Institute KAJIMA Corporation 2-19-1 Tobitakyu Chofu city Tokyo182-0012 Japan Takenaka Research and Development Institute Takenaka Corporation 5-1 1-chome Otsuka Inzai-city Chiba270-1735 Japan Faculty of Engineering and Design HOSEI University 2-33 Tamachi-Ichigaya Shinjuku-ku Tokyo162-0843 Japan

In this study, using a new high volume blast furnace slag cement type C developed in order to improve the effect of inhibition of thermal crack in concrete and the resistance of thermal crack by means of expansion strain in early age obtained by appropriately selecting the dosage of gypsum and calcium carbonate, experiments to evaluate the material were carried out using the testing device in which it was possible to simulate the behavior of thermal stress inside the member in existing structure in the laboratory in order to evaluate the resistance of cracking of concrete. As the result, it was confirmed to have the resistance of crack in which concrete used the new high volume blast furnace slag cement type C was more superior to concrete using Ordinary Portland cement and Portland blast furnace slag type B on the cracking time and stress at cracking. Furthermore, it was also confirmed to the effect of stress relaxation caused by creep in which concrete used the new high volume blast furnace slag cement type C was more superior to the above concrete. © 2016 International Committee of the SCMT conferences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Concretes

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Follow-up of environmental impacts upon water sources of São Carlos, Brazil 14

Follow-up of environmental impacts upon water sources of Sã...

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14th International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management, CUPUM 2015

作者： Costa, Carlos Wilmer Dupas, Francisco Antônio Lorandi, Reinaldo Oliveira, Erica Zanardo Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos São Paulo Brazil Graduate Program in Energy Natural Resources of Institute Federal University of Itajubá Minas Gerais Brazil Graduate Program in Urban Engineering Civil Engineering Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos São Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780692474341

An understanding of the interrelationship between the characteristics of natural and manmade environments is essential to avoid heavy economic and social burdens on society resulting from environmental deterioration. Irreversible human changes can be avoided using land use models, which can examine the impacts of alternative land use regulations and future urbanization on the environment Much of the population of mediumsized Brazilian cities is concentrated in densely populated urban areas. In this context, the use of Geographical Information Systems have a great value for land management, allowing the diagnosis and characterization of the areas that have suffered the consequences of land use for urban development and helping in the proposition of alternatives to minimize the generated impacts. In this paper, a simple spatially explicit model was used to explore potential areas for urban expansion in São Carlos city, Brazil. Orbital images of the satellite ALOS sensor AVNIR-2 were used to diagnose the urban area of the city and a comparison is made with the Master Plan. This way, Municipal Zone Management, urban sprawl, topography, geology, hydrography, pedology, infrastructure and land use were analyzed in an integrated way, each of them serving as the "background" to the other. This analysis has drawn criticisms and considerations for further alternatives. Another approach of interest refers to the expansion of the urban sprawl on the watershed of Feijão Rivers. The basin is the main source of surface water supply to the city of São Carlos, and is an important recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer System (GAS), therefore, they shall be preserved to serve as future water reserves.

关键词： Land use

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Comparison of performance of partial prestressed beam-column subassemblages made of reactive powder concrete and normal concrete materials using finite element models

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2016年第1期128卷

作者： S A Nurjannah B Budiono I Imran S Sugiri Graduate Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia

Research on concrete material continues in several countries and had produced a concrete type of Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) which has a better compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and durability than normal concrete (NC) namely Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC). Researches on structures using RPC material showed that the RPC structures had a better performance than the NC structures in resisting gravity and lateral cyclic loads. In this study, an experiment was conducted to apply combination of constant axial and lateral cyclic loads to a prototype of RPC interior partial prestressed beam-column subassemblage (prototype of BCS-RPC) with a value of Partial Prestressed Ratio (PPR) of 31.72% on the beam. The test results were compared with finite element model of beam-column subassemblage made of RPC by PPR of 31.72% (BCS-RPC-31.72). Furthermore, there was BCS-RPC modeling with PPR of 21.39% (BCS-RPC-21.39) and beam-column subassemblages made of NC materials modeling with a value of PPR at 21.09% (BCS-NC-21.09) and 32.02% (BCS-NC-32.02). The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the BCS-RPC models compared to the performance of the BCS-NC models with PPR values below and above 25%, which is the maximum limit of permitted PPR. The results showed that all models of BCS-RPC had a better performance than all models of BCS-NC and the BCS-RPC model with PPR above 25% still behaved ductile and was able to dissipate energy well.

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Enhancing TA grading of technical writing: A look back to better understand the future 122

Enhancing TA grading of technical writing: A look back to be...

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2015 122nd ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Kecskemety, Krista M. Theiss, Andrew H. Kajfez, Rachel Louis Ohio State University Engineering Education Innovation Center United States Ohio State University Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program United States Engineering Education Innovation Center Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University United States

Technical writing is an important skill in all engineering disciplines. Many first-year engineering programs (FYEPs) include technical writing as one of their core course components to begin to instill the importance of and to develop this skill early in aspiring engineers. In order to assess student learning and provide feedback on technical writing, proper grading of these assignments is essential. This paper presents the preliminary assessment results of a new grading training program for teaching assistants (TAs) in a FYEP that was implemented at a large land grant institution while situating the findings in past research related to the grading of writing assignments and preparing TAs. This paper summarizes the approach used to enhance the grading of TAs. We supplement this discussion with quantitative and qualitative assessment results. Finally, we provide recommendations or "Tricks of the Trade" for TAs who may be grading technical writing and those who are responsible for training TAs for this type of grading. © American Society for engineering Education, 2015.

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The Behavior of Recycled Concrete through the Application of an Isotropic Damage Model

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Open Journal of civil engineering 2015年第3期5卷 339-351页

作者： Marcelo Pedreira da Silva Magno Teixeira Mota Anderson de Souza Matos Gadea Monica Batista Leite Koji de Jesus Nagahama Civil and Environmental Engineering Post-Graduate Program State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de SantanaBrazil

The main goal of this paper is to describe the mechanical behavior of the CDW recycled concrete in compression, using an isotropic damage model adapted to the variation of the replacement rate of natural aggregates by recycled ones. The isotropic model by Mazars was used as a constitutive equation for the CDW concrete and its adjustment parameters, A and B, were written as quadratic polynomials according to the aggregates replacement rate. The model was evaluated for conventional and recycled concretes. For the latter ones, the aggregates replacement ratios evaluated were 50% and 100%. The results show good approximation between the analytical and numerical values obtained with the adapted isotropic damage model and experimental concrete results for both compressive and flexural strength.

关键词： Recycled Concrete Construction and Demolition Waste Isotropic Damage Mazars Isotropic Model

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Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (vol 395, pg 1779, 2020)

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LANCET 2020年第10239期395卷 1762-1762页

作者： Reiner, R. C., Jr. Hay, S., I Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States College of Health and Medical Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Nursing and Midwifery Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Pharmacy Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Public Health Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Biology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Economics and Management Sciences for Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Iran National Institute of Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and

Summary Background Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associated risk factors can aid in reducing preventable childhood *** We used Bayesian model-based geostatistics and a geolocated dataset comprising 15 072 746 children younger than 5 years from 466 surveys in 94 LMICs, in combination with findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, to estimate posterior distributions of diarrhoea prevalence, incidence, and mortality from 2000 to 2017. From these data, we estimated the burden of diarrhoea at varying subnational levels (termed units) by spatially aggregating draws, and we investigated the drivers of subnational patterns by creating aggregated risk factor *** The greatest declines in diarrhoeal mortality were seen in south and southeast Asia and South America, where 54·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 38·1-65·8), 17·4% (7·7-28·4), and 59·5% (34·2-86·9) of units, respectively, recorded decreases in deaths from diarrhoea greater than 10%. Although children in much of Africa remain at high risk of death due to diarrhoea, regions with the most deaths were outside Africa, with the highest mortality units located in Pakistan. Indonesia showed the greatest within-country geographical inequality; some regions had mortality rates nearly four times the average country rate. Reductions in mortality were correlated to improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) or reductions in child growth failure (CGF). Similarly, most high-risk areas had poor WASH, high CGF, or low oral rehydration therapy *** By co-analysing geospatial trends in d

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Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

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Scientific data 2021年第1期8卷 72页

作者： Gilberto Pastorello Carlo Trotta Eleonora Canfora Housen Chu Danielle Christianson You-Wei Cheah Cristina Poindexter Jiquan Chen Abdelrahman Elbashandy Marty Humphrey Peter Isaac Diego Polidori Markus Reichstein Alessio Ribeca Catharine van Ingen Nicolas Vuichard Leiming Zhang Brian Amiro Christof Ammann M Altaf Arain Jonas Ardö Timothy Arkebauer Stefan K Arndt Nicola Arriga Marc Aubinet Mika Aurela Dennis Baldocchi Alan Barr Eric Beamesderfer Luca Belelli Marchesini Onil Bergeron Jason Beringer Christian Bernhofer Daniel Berveiller Dave Billesbach Thomas Andrew Black Peter D Blanken Gil Bohrer Julia Boike Paul V Bolstad Damien Bonal Jean-Marc Bonnefond David R Bowling Rosvel Bracho Jason Brodeur Christian Brümmer Nina Buchmann Benoit Burban Sean P Burns Pauline Buysse Peter Cale Mauro Cavagna Pierre Cellier Shiping Chen Isaac Chini Torben R Christensen James Cleverly Alessio Collalti Claudia Consalvo Bruce D Cook David Cook Carole Coursolle Edoardo Cremonese Peter S Curtis Ettore D'Andrea Humberto da Rocha Xiaoqin Dai Kenneth J Davis Bruno De Cinti Agnes de Grandcourt Anne De Ligne Raimundo C De Oliveira Nicolas Delpierre Ankur R Desai Carlos Marcelo Di Bella Paul di Tommasi Han Dolman Francisco Domingo Gang Dong Sabina Dore Pierpaolo Duce Eric Dufrêne Allison Dunn Jiří Dušek Derek Eamus Uwe Eichelmann Hatim Abdalla M ElKhidir Werner Eugster Cacilia M Ewenz Brent Ewers Daniela Famulari Silvano Fares Iris Feigenwinter Andrew Feitz Rasmus Fensholt Gianluca Filippa Marc Fischer John Frank Marta Galvagno Mana Gharun Damiano Gianelle Bert Gielen Beniamino Gioli Anatoly Gitelson Ignacio Goded Mathias Goeckede Allen H Goldstein Christopher M Gough Michael L Goulden Alexander Graf Anne Griebel Carsten Gruening Thomas Grünwald Albin Hammerle Shijie Han Xingguo Han Birger Ulf Hansen Chad Hanson Juha Hatakka Yongtao He Markus Hehn Bernard Heinesch Nina Hinko-Najera Lukas Hörtnagl Lindsay Hutley Andreas Ibrom Hiroki Ikawa Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski Dalibor Janouš Wilma Jans Rachhpal Jassal Shicheng Jiang Tomomichi Kato Myr Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. gzpastorello@lbl.gov. DIBAF University of Tuscia Viterbo 01100 Italy. Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change Foundation (CMCC) Lecce 73100 Italy. Climate & Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Department of Civil Engineering California State University Sacramento CA 95819 USA. Department of Geography Environment and Spatial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48823 USA. Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA. TERN Ecosystem Processes Menzies Creek VIC3159 Australia. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena 07701 Germany. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE) CEA CNRS UVSQ UPSACLAY Gif sur Yvette 91190 France. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China. Department of Soil Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T2N2 Canada. Department of Agroecology and Environment Agroscope Research Institute Zürich 8046 Switzerland. School of Geography and Earth Sciences McMaster University L8S4K1 Hamilton ON Canada. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Lund 22362 Sweden. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USA. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences The University of Melbourne Richmond VIC3121 Australia. Department of Biology Research Group PLECO University of Antwerp Antwerp 2610 Belgium. Joint Research Centre European Commission Ispra 21027 Italy. TERRA Teaching and Research Center University of Liege Gembloux B-5030 Belgium. Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki 00560 Finland. ES

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