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Prioritization of key indicators for the classification of successional stages in regenerating subtropical Atlantic forest, Southern Brazil: a proposal based on multivariate order statistics

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Environment Systems and Decisions 2023年第2期43卷 232-241页

作者： Bressane, Adriano Siminski, Alexandre Gomes, Isadora Gurjon Melo, Carrie Peres da Rosa, Graziele Coraline Scofano dos Santos Galvão, Amanda Louisi Silva, Mirela Beatriz de Castro Medeiros, Líliam César Negri, Rogério Galante Institute of Science and Technology (ICT) Environmental Engineering Department Campus at São José dos Campos City Rodovia Presidente Dutra Km 1378—Eugênio de Melo12247-004 CEP São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems Graduate Program Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Campus at Curitibanus City Rod. Ulysses Gaboardi km 3 CEP Curitibanos - SC 89520-000 Brazil Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate Program São Paulo State University (UNESP) Campus at Bauru City Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01—Vargem Limpa CEP Bauru—SP/SP 17033-360 Brazil

Statement of problem. Brazilian guidelines establish a set of parameters to classify forest regeneration stages, but there are no criteria or evidence for prioritizing key indicators. Purpose. This study performed a comparative analysis between phytosociological parameters to verify the hypothesis that there is a difference in their explanatory power of the forest regeneration stages. Consequently, it shows the need to prioritize key indicators for classifying forest regeneration stages. Material and methods. The analyzes were carried out using a database of the Floristic Forest Inventory of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil, composed of 177 sampling units of subtropical Atlantic forest (Mixed Ombrophilous Forest) characterized according to 12 quantitative and qualitative phytosociological parameters. Several statistical tests were performed to analyze the explanatory ability of the phytosociological parameters. Such process includes tests for multivariate ordering, principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (FDA and QDA), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). Afterward, is provided a ranking regarding the analyzed indicators based on their usefulness to separate forest regeneration stages, measured in terms of classification accuracy according to the QUEST (Quick Unbiased Efficient Statistical) algorithm. The hypothesis was verified with two-way tests at a significance level (α) equal to 0.05, for a test power (1-β) of 0.8 and a minimum detectable effect of medium size (ρ = 0.3). Results. Statistical significance tests confirmed the research hypothesis. Regarding both the qualitative and quantitative variables, the ranking resulting from the discriminant analysis provided the best accuracy (85.3%). In decreasing priority order, was defined the following parameter order: basal area, number of individuals and species, Shannon diversity index, diameter at breast height, total height, stem height, leaf litter, canop

关键词： Ombrophilous forest Prioritization of indicators Succession stage

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Determination of Dielectric Properties of Plaster Blocks for Sealing Masonry Using Frequency Scanning Methods

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Praxedes, Maria Elizabeth Teixeira Santana Duarte, José G. de Medeiros Gurgel Pinto, Erica Natasche Cabral, Kleber Cavalcanti Silva Neto, Valdemir P. D’Assunção, Adaildo G. Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte RN Natal Brazil Department of Communication Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte RN Natal Brazil

With the increasing use of traditional and new models of wireless communication systems, the study and determination of the electrical characteristics of materials used in civil construction is an important topic to establish an understanding of how the radio frequency signal behaves inside built environments. This study presents an extensive process of characterization of electrical parameters of plaster blocks used in the construction of walls. Analyses are made in the frequency range from 0.7 to 5.2 GHz, which has been used for several wireless communication standards. To carry out the electrical characterization of dielectric materials, a non-invasive methodology is proposed based on an innovative combination of the Nicolson–Ross–Weir Method (NRW) and the Ray Tracing Method. Through the proposed methodology and an extensive campaign of measurements using frequency scanning equipment, calculated and experimental data of Shielding Effectiveness (SE), complex relative electrical permittivity, loss tangent, attenuation coefficient and conductivity were obtained for a wide range of frequency, considering different samples of (gypsum?) plaster blocks. The obtained results are compared to those available in the related literature, confirming the accuracy of the proposed analysis. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ray tracing

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Assessment of exposure to simazine through drinking waters in Brazil

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environmental Advances 2023年 11卷

作者： Gomes, Fernanda Bento Rosa Assunção, Taciane de Oliveira Gomes de Dias, Ágata Cristina Lima Castro, Samuel Rodrigues Brandt, Emanuel Manfred Freire Pereira, Renata de Oliveira Civil Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) Juiz de Fora Brazil Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) Juiz de Fora Brazil Civil Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) Viçosa Brazil

This study aimed to estimate the exposure to simazine via water intake in Brazil. The fate, occurrence, and removal of simazine in waters were studied. A risk assessment was carried out by estimating the margin of exposure to simazine through water consumption, considering the occurrence of this compound and the health-based guideline value established for simazine in Brazilian drinking waters. In addition, the possibility of simazine by-product formation during water treatment processes was also discussed. Approximately 500 tonnes of simazine were sold annually in Brazil from 2009 to 2020. In parallel, simazine detection rates in water supply systems from 2014 to 2018 were above 80%. The assessment of the margin of exposure indicates that simazine concentrations in 1% of the studied municipalities may represent a high risk to human health, whereas 46.8% are in an alert situation. The conventional water treatment process is inefficient for simazine removal, which evidences a need for advanced treatments. Moreover, when simazine is present in water, some disinfection processes may lead to endocrine-disrupting compounds formation. © 2022

关键词： Pesticide Risk assessment Triazines Water pollution

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Nature-based solution using a bioengineering strategy for soil erosion control in tropical climate with intense rainfall patterns

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Nature-Based Solutions 2024年 5卷

作者： Batista, Gabriel Emboaba de Souza Bressane, Adriano Motta, Mariana Ferreira Benessiuti Medeiros, Líliam César de Castro Negri, Rogério Galante Urban, Rodrigo Custodio Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP) Bauru city Brazil São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Environmental Engineering São José dos Campos city Brazil São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Civil Engineering Guaratingueta city Brazil

Background: In the face of escalating soil erosion exacerbated by intense rainfall in tropical climates, the quest for sustainable and effective erosion control techniques is paramount. Nature-based solutions (NbS) using bioengineering strategies have emerged as a potential avenue, yet their efficacy and adaptability in such environmental conditions are not fully explored. Objective: This study seeks to bridge the research gap by evaluating the effectiveness of a bioengineering approach, which involved a strategic plantation of Pigeonpea, Sesame, and Cowpea, as an NbS for soil erosion control under the challenging conditions of tropical climates. It emphasizes the rhizospheric characteristics of these species and their potential to offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution to soil erosion. Methods: Employing a random block experimental design, the study compared the performance of Pigeonpea, Sesame, and Cowpea against conventional biosynthetic erosion control methods across various plots. Over 25 rainfall events, comprehensive data collection was undertaken, encompassing 150 measures of precipitation, surface runoff, and soil loss mass. Results: The findings reveal bioengineering solution's comparable, if not superior, effectiveness to conventional techniques, marked by minimal soil loss and enhanced water infiltration capabilities. Analysis of Covariance showcased a very large effect size, significantly underscoring bioengineering's efficacy in soil loss control. Notably, bioengineering's contribution extends beyond erosion control, fostering aquifer recharge and preventing sedimentation in water bodies. Conclusions: This strategic plantation of Pigeonpea, Sesame, and Cowpea stands out as a promising NbS for soil erosion control in tropical climates, characterized by its sustainable approach and minimal environmental footprint. The study advocates for the broader integration of Pigeonpea, Sesame, and Cowpea in soil conservation practices, highlighti

关键词： Bioengineering Nature-based solutions Soil erosion control Tropical climate

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Multi-layered shear model test to simulate rain-induced pre-failure shear deformation in surface layer of slopes 16

Multi-layered shear model test to simulate rain-induced pre-...

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16th Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering, ARC 2019

作者： Fukuhara, Makoto Tao, S. Uchimura, T. International Graduate Program on Civil and Environmental Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan

The time-dependent developments of the strain observed on the slope surface in pre-failure stages are often expressed in analogy with the development of strain at creep fracture of metals. Therefore, several equations for prediction of slope failure using the creep models have been proposed and used. In this study, multi-layered shear model test apparatus was developed to observe detailed movement of the surface layer of slope before failure. And, the conventional methods to predict the failure time were validated based on the test results. Copyright © Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering, ARC *** rights reserved.

关键词： Failure (mechanical)

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Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Damage Identification in a Beam 10th

Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Damage Identifica...

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10th International Conference on Wave Mechanics and Vibrations, WMVC 2022

作者： da Silva Coelho, Jefferson de Sousa, Amanda Aryda Silva Rodrigues Machado, Marcela Rodrigues Dutkiewicz, Maciej Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Tecnologia - Asa Norte DF Brasília Brazil Post-Graduate Program - Integrity of Engineering Materials University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Tecnologia - Asa Norte DF Brasília70910-900 Brazil Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering and Architecture University of Science and Technology Bydgoszcz85-796 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031157578

Damage is defined as any change to the material, geometry or boundary condition that can modify the structure’s properties or response. In the past, damage identification was performed through periodical inspection, non-destructive testing/non-destructive evaluation, or visual observation. Structural health monitoring (SHM) has emerged to transition from offline damage identification to near real-time and online damage assessment. Hence, SHM is a damage detection strategy to monitor a structure for a period using a series of continuous measurement devices, which then collect the system’s characteristics and subsequently perform statistical analysis to assess the current circumstances and health of the structure. One of the first steps for the study of SHM is damage detection followed by monitoring. Machine Learning (ML) techniques can be used to develop viable algorithms to make potential predictions. ML algorithms are therefore providing the tools needed to enhance the capabilities of SHM systems and provide intelligent solutions to past challenges. Preliminary studies have reviewed that the extension of ML into SHM has dramatically increased the system’s capabilities, providing innovative solutions to different research challenges. This work conducts a study of the use of ML to identify damage in a beam and discuss the challenge of usage, performance and implementation of each technique. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Decision trees

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Biological methane production coupled with sulfur oxidation in a microbial electrosynthesis system without organic substrates

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 68-78页

作者： Ha T.T.Dinh Hiromi Kambara Shuji Matsushita Yoshiteru Aoi Tomonori Kindaichi Noriatsu Ozaki Akiyoshi Ohashi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima University1-4-1KagamiyamaHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739-8527Japan Faculty of Environment Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resources and Environment236 Le Van Sy1 WardTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam Agricultural Technology Research Center Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute6869HaraHachihonmatsuHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739-0151Japan Program of Biotechnology Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1-3-1KagamiyamaHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739-8530Japan

Methane is produced in a microbial electrosynthesis system(MES) without organic substrates. However, a relatively high applied voltage is required for the bioelectrical *** this study, we demonstrated that electrotrophic methane production at the biocathode was achieved even at a very low voltage of 0.1 V in an MES, in which abiotic HS-oxidized to SO_(4)^(2-) at the anodic carbon-cloth surface coated with platinum powder. In addition, microbial community analysis revealed the most probable pathway for methane production from electrons. First, electrotrophic H_(2) was produced by syntrophic bacteria, such as Syntrophorhabdus, Syntrophobacter, Syntrophus, Leptolinea, and Aminicenantales, with the direct acceptance of electrons at the biocathode. Subsequently, most of the produced H_(2) was converted to acetate by homoacetogens, such as Clostridium and Spirochaeta 2. In conclusion,the majority of the methane was indirectly produced by a large population of acetoclastic methanogens, namely Methanosaeta, via acetate. Further, hydrogenotrophic methanogens,including Methanobacterium and Methanolinea, produced methane via H_(2).

关键词： Bioelectricity Homoacetogens Methane production Microbial electrosynthesis system Sulfur oxidation

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Plugging Effect of Fine Pore Water in Opc and LC3 Paste During Accelerated Carbonation Monitored Via Single-Sided Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cheng, Luge Kurihara, Ryo Ohkubo, Takahiro Kitagaki, Ryoma Suda, Yuya Teramoto, Atsushi Maruyama, Ippei Department of Architecture Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan Division of Human Environmental Systems Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo060-8628 Japan Department of Architecture Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Civil Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of the Ryukyus Okinawa903-0213 Japan Nagoya University Japan

This study focuses on the investigation of the influence of CO2 concentration on the carbonation process in cementitious paste using ordinary Portlandite cement and limestone-calcined clay cement, specifically on the water content distribution. Employing single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for water profiling, we revealed that the water content of fine pores (interlayer space and gel pores) was consistent at the carbonation front under accelerated carbonation processes with CO2 concentrations of 5% and 1%, demonstrating the plugging effect where fine pore water governs the carbonation progress. This effect was absent under natural carbonation conditions because of the carbonation process was slower than drying. It was confirmed that the rate-determining mechanisms of natural and accelerated carbonation with CO2 concentrations greater than 1% were different. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbonation

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Systemic evaluation of spatio-temporal variations in travel time reliability due to a toll road over time

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Urban, Planning and Transport Research 2021年第1期9卷 36-59页

作者： Mathew, Sonu Pulugurtha, Srinivas S. Graduate of Infrastructure & Environmental Systems (INES) Program The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC United States Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering Department Director of Infrastructure Design Environment & Sustainability (IDEAS) Center The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC United States

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of toll roads in reducing congestion and improving travel time reliability on streets within its vicinity, over time. The data, from the year 2013 to 2017, for the Triangle Expressway in the city of Raleigh, North Carolina was used in the systemic evaluation process. The spatial and temporal variations in the travel time distributions on the toll road, parallel route, and near-vicinity cross-streets (in a 2-mile buffer) were evaluated. The average travel time (ATT), the 95th percentile travel time (or planning time, PT), the buffer time (BT), and the buffer time index (BTI) were computed for each link by the day-of-the-week and the time-of-the-day. Though there was an improvement in travel time after the speed limit change in the year 2014, the travel time reliability got reduced on the Triangle Expressway. Over time, there was a gradual improvement in BT and BTI. The parallel route reliability decreased significantly over time, whereas the travel time reliability of cross-streets showed a consistent trend. The stabilization of travel time distributions and the reliability measures in the year 2017 indicate that further reduction in performance measures may not be expected in the next few years on the near-vicinity links. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： buffer time buffer time index road spatial temporal Toll travel time

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Perception of Disasters and Land Reclamation in an Informal Settlement on Reclaimed Land:Case of the BASECO Compound,Manila,the Philippines

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 640-654页

作者： Ven Paolo Bruno Valenzuela Miguel Esteban Onuki Motoharu Graduate Program in Sustainability Science-Global Leadership Initiative The University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8563Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Waseda UniversityTokyo 169-8555Japan

Southeast Asia's coastal urban areas continue to grow,with land reclamation fast becoming an important option for megacities to address issues of economic growth and increasing population *** are divided over the advantages and disadvantages of land reclamation,though this process continues unabated,exposing settlements to coastal *** Bataan Shipping and engineering Company(BASECO)compound is an informal settlement on reclaimed land in Manila,the *** informal coastal settlements view disaster risk and their more pressing socioeconomic needs is crucial to understanding the potentials and repercussions of land *** a topographic survey,a questionnaire survey,and the protective action decision model,this study explored the perception of disasters and land reclamation of informal settlers who are living on reclaimed *** study found that people are aware of disaster risks,but are more concerned with everyday *** are divided on the issue of further land *** on the original non-reclaimed land view it as a coastal defense,while those on reclaimed land fear potential *** this,all locations in the community are concerned with the loss of jobs,economic opportunities,and eviction,rather than potential disasters.

关键词： Coastal hazards Flooding Informal settlements Land reclamation Philippines Risk perception Urbanization

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