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Sensors, Cameras, and Systems for Industrial/Scientific Applications X

作者： Kim, Jiman Kong, Hyoun-Joong Park, Sangyun Noh, SeungWoo Lee, Seung-Rae Kim, Taejeong Kim, Hee Chan Interdisciplinary Program Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

Authentication using finger vein pattern has substantial advantage than other biometrics. Because human vein patterns are hidden inside the skin and tissue, it is hard to forge vein structure. But conventional system using NIR LED array has two drawbacks. First, direct contact with LED array raise sanitary problem. Second, because of discreteness of LEDs, non-uniform illumination exists. We propose non-contact finger vein acquisition system using NIR laser and Laser line generator lens. Laser line generator lens makes evenly distributed line laser from focused laser light. Line laser is aimed on the finger longitudinally. NIR camera was used for image acquisition. 200 index finger vein images from 20 candidates are collected. Same finger vein pattern extraction algorithm was used to evaluate two sets of images. Acquired images from proposed non-contact system do not show any non-uniform illumination in contrary with conventional system. Also results of matching are comparable to conventional system. We developed Non-contact finger vein acquisition system. It can prevent potential cross contamination of skin diseases. Also the system can produce uniformly illuminated images unlike conventional system. With the benefit of non-contact, proposed system shows almost equivalent performance compared with conventional system. © 2009 SPIE-IS&T.

关键词： Biometrics

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Fatigue and Non-Fatigue Mathematical Muscle Models During Functional Electrical Stimulation of Paralyzed Muscle

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2009年第12期42卷 365-370页

作者： Zhijun Cai Er-Wei Bai Richard K. Shield Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242USA Graduate Program in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science The University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA

Electrical muscle stimulation demonstrates potential for restoring functional movement and for preventing muscle atrophy after spinal cord injury (SCI). To optimize delivery of electrical stimulation protocols, an accurate and easy-to-implement mathematical skeletal muscle model is essential. The existing models are either accurate but complex, making them hard to implement, such as the Hill-Huxley-type model, or simple but inaccurate, such as second order model. In this paper, we propose a Wiener-Hammerstein system to model the paralyzed skeletal muscle dynamics under electrical stimulus conditions. The proposed model has substantial advantages in identification algorithm analysis and implementation including computational complexity and convergence. Experimental data sets were collected on soleus muscles under 15 Hz frequency stimulation for fourteen subjects with SCI. The simulation results show that the proposed model outperforms the Hill-Huxley-type model not only in peak force prediction, but also in fitting performance for force output of each individual stimulation train.

关键词： modeling identification muscle modeling fatigue modeling

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Breast tomosynthesis reconstruction with a multi-beam x-ray source

Breast tomosynthesis reconstruction with a multi-beam x-ray ...

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Medical Imaging 2009: Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Chen, Ying Zhou, Weihua Yang, Guang Qian, Xin Lu, Jianping Zhou, Otto Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 United States Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy and Curriculum in Applied Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 United States Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475091

As a new three-dimensional breast imaging technique, breast tomosynthesis allows the reconstruction of an arbitrary set of planes in the breast from a limited-angle series of x-ray projection images. The breast tomosynthesis technique has been demonstrated as promising to improve early breast cancer detection. This paper represents a preliminary phantom study and computer simulation results of different breast tomosynthesis reconstruction algorithms with a novel carbon nanotube based multi-beam x-ray source. Five representative tomosynthesis reconstruction algorithms, including back projection (BP), filtered back projection (FBP), matrix inversion tomosynthesis (MITS), maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), and simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) were investigated. Tomosynthesis projection images of a phantom were acquired with the stationary multi-beam x-ray tomosynthesis system. Reconstruction results from different algorithms were studied. A computer simulation study was further done to investigate the sharpness of reconstructed in-plane structures and to see how effective each algorithm is at removing outof- plane blur with parallel-imaging geometries. Datasets with 9 and 25 projection images of a defined 3D spherical object were simulated with a total view angle of 50 degrees. Results showed that the multi-beam x-ray system is capable to generate 3D tomosynthesis images with faster speed compared with current commercial prototype systems. With simulated parallel-imaging geometry, MITS and FBP showed edge enhancement in-plane performance. BP, FBP and MLEM performed better at out-of-plane structure removal with larger number of projection images. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Probabilistic structure from sound

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Advanced Robotics 2009年第12-13期23卷 1687-1702页

作者： Wang, Chieh-Chih Lin, Chi-Hao Hu, Jwu-Sheng Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Intelligent Robotics Program of Industrial Technology Research Institute Department of Electrical and Control Engineering National Chiao Tung University HsinChu 310 Taiwan

Auditory perception is one of the most important functions for robotics applications. Microphone arrays are widely used for auditory perception in which the spatial structure of microphones is usually known. In practice, microphone array calibration can be tedious and other devices or means are required. The structure from sound (SFS) approach addresses the problem of simultaneously localizing a set of microphones and a set of acoustic events that provides a great flexibility to calibrate different setups of microphone arrays. However, the existing method does not take measurement uncertainty into account and does not provide uncertainty estimates of the SFS results. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic structure from sound (PSFS) approach using the unscented transform in which the uncertainties of the PSFS results are also available. In addition, a probabilistic sound source localization approach using the PSFS results is provided to improve sound source localization accuracy. The ample results of simulation and experiments using low-cost, off-the-shelf microphones demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed PSFS approach. © 2009 VSP.

关键词： Microphone array

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Hardware Architecture for Particle Swarm Optimization Using Floating-Point Arithmetic

Hardware Architecture for Particle Swarm Optimization Using ...

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International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA)

作者： Daniel M. Muñoz Arboleda Carlos H. Llanos Leandro dos_S. Coelho Mauricio Ayala-Rincón Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasília Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontificial Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Brasilia Brasília Brazil

High computational cost for solving large engineering optimization problems point out the design of parallel optimization algorithms. Population based optimization algorithms provide parallel capabilities that can be explored by their implementations done directly in hardware. This paper presents a hardware implementation of particle swarm optimization algorithms using an efficient floating-point arithmetic which performs the computations with high precision. All the architectures are parameterizable by bit-width, allowing the designer to choose the suitable format according to the requirements of the optimization problem. Synthesis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves satisfactory results obtaining a better performance in therms of elapsed time than conventional software implementations.

关键词： Hardware Particle swarm optimization Floating-point arithmetic computer architecture Design optimization Computational efficiency Design engineering Algorithm design and analysis High performance computing Computational modeling

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An agent framework to support sensor networks' setup and adaptation

An agent framework to support sensor networks' setup and ada...

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International Multiconference on computer Science and Information Technology, IMCSIT

作者： Edison Pignaton de Freitas Flávio Rech Wagner Tales Heimfarth Carlos Eduardo Pereira Armando Morado Ferreira Tony Larsson IDE - Halmstad University Sweden Computer Science Department UFLA Lavras Brazil Institute of Informatics UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil IDE - Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden

Sensor networks are being used in several emerging applications not even imagined some years ago due to advances in sensing, computing, and communication techniques. However, these advances also pose various challenges that must be faced. One important challenge is related to the autonomous capability needed to setup and adapt the networks, which decentralizes the control of the network, saving communication and energy resources. Middleware technology helps in addressing this kind of problem, but there is still a need for additional solutions, particularly considering dynamic changes in users' requirements and operation conditions. This paper presents an agent-based framework acting as an integral part of a middleware to support autonomous setup and adaptation of sensor networks. It adds interoperability among heterogeneous nodes in the network, by means of autonomous behavior and reasoning. These features also address the needs for system setup and adaptations in the network, reducing the communication overhead and decentralizing the decision making mechanism. Additionally, preliminary results are also presented.

关键词： Middleware Image sensors computer networks Communication system control Energy resources Decision making

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Controller design to regulate the DC voltage of a VSC converter

Controller design to regulate the DC voltage of a VSC conver...

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IEEE Canada Electric Power Conference, EPEC

作者： Carlos A. Hidalgo Mora Nelson L. Diaz Laboratorio de Investigacion en Fuentes Alternativas de Engergia LIFE of Universidad Distrital F J C Bogota Colombia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Program in Engineering-Industrial Automation LIFAE Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogota Colombia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424445080;9781424445097

The basic function of VSCs is to convert the DC voltage stored in a capacitor into AC voltages or AC voltages into DC voltage. One of the advantages of the VSC is that this kind of electronic converters allow to control the active and reactive power flow with an ac-grid independently. This paper presents a short analysis of the characteristics and dynamic of VSC-HVDC, identification techniques to find transfer function to DC Voltage and Reactive Power in a rectifier station are explored, and finally controller design to regulate the DC voltage is exposed and tested by simulations using Matlab Simulink and its toolbox SimpowerSystems.

关键词： Voltage control Converters Power conversion Reactive power control Rectifiers Inverters Virtual colonoscopy Reactive power HVDC transmission Power system reliability

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Learning a nonlinear color distance metric for the identification of skin immunohistochemical staining

Learning a nonlinear color distance metric for the identific...

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2009 22nd IEEE International Symposium on computer-Based Medical Systems, CBMS 2009

作者： Sobieranski, Antonio Carlos Neto, Sylvio Luiz Mantelli Coser, Leandro Comunello, Eros Von Wangenheim, Aldo Cargnin-Ferreira, Eduardo Di Giunta, Gabriella LAPIX Laboratory of Image Processing and Computer Graphics UFSC Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil CPTEC Center for Weather Forecasts and Environment Studies INPE - Brazilian Institute for Space Research Brazil EGC Knowledge Engineering Department UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil MCA Graduate Program in Applied Computer Science UNIVALI - Itajai Valley University Brazil Laboratory of Histological Markers Department of Biology Embriology and Genetics UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil Pathology Service UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448784

This paper presents a semiautomatic method for the identification of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in digitized samples. The user trains the system by selecting on a sample image some typical positive stained regions that will be used as a reference for the construction of a distance metric. In this learning process, the global optimum is obtained by induction employing higher polynomial terms of the Mahalanobis distance, extracting nonlinear features of the IHC pattern distributions. The results of the proposed method showed a high correlation to a pathologist's manual analysis, which was used as a golden standard, presenting a more robust discrimination between stained and non-stained areas with little bias. © 2009 IEEE.

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Time Series Mining Approach for Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Assessment: An Investigation of Different Regularization Techniques

Time Series Mining Approach for Noninvasive Intracranial Pre...

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computer Science and Information engineering, CSIE, WRI World Congress on FLAGGED

作者： Shaozhi Wu Peng Xu Shadnaz Asgari Marvin Bergsneider Xiao Hu Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science University of California Los Angeles USA Neural Systems and Dynamics Laboratory Department of Neurosurgery the David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles USA School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China

A data mining framework has been proposed to estimate intracranial pressure (ICP) non-invasively in our previous work. In the corresponding approach, the feature vector extracted from arterial blood pressure (ABP) and flow velocity (FV) is translated to the estimated errors by the mapping function for each entry in the database. In this paper, three different mapping function solutions, linear least squares (LLS), truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) and standard Tikhonov regularization (STR) are systemically tested to compare the possible effects of different solutions on the non-invasive ICP estimation. The conducted comparison demonstrated that the selection of mapping function solution actually influences the estimation. Among the tested three solutions for mapping function, TSVD and STR show better ICP estimation performance with smaller ICP errors than LLS.

关键词： Cranial pressure Data mining Biomedical engineering Data engineering Spatial databases computer science Feature extraction Arterial blood pressure Biomedical measurements Laboratories

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Identification of cell cycle-related regulatory motifs using a kernel canonical correlation analysis

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BMC Genomics 2009年第SUPPL. 3期10卷 1-10页

作者： Rhee, Je-Keun Joung, Je-Gun Chang, Jeong-Ho Fei, Zhangjun Zhang, Byoung-Tak Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 South Korea Center for Biointelligence Technology (CBIT) Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 South Korea Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 United States Konan Technology Inc Seoul 135-080 South Korea USDA Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health Ithaca NY 14853 United States School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 South Korea

Background: Gene regulation is a key mechanism in higher eukaryotic cellular processes. One of the major challenges in gene regulation studies is to identify regulators affecting the expression of their target genes in specific biological processes. Despite their importance, regulators involved in diverse biological processes still remain largely unrevealed. In the present study, we propose a kernel-based approach to efficiently identify core regulatory elements involved in specific biological processes using gene expression profiles. Results: We developed a framework that can detect correlations between gene expression profiles and the upstream sequences on the basis of the kernel canonical correlation analysis (kernel CCA). Using a yeast cell cycle dataset, we demonstrated that upstream sequence patterns were closely related to gene expression profiles based on the canonical correlation scores obtained by measuring the correlation between them. Our results showed that the cell cycle-specific regulatory motifs could be found successfully based on the motif weights derived through kernel CCA. Furthermore, we identified co-regulatory motif pairs using the same framework. Conclusion: Given expression profiles, our method was able to identify regulatory motifs involved in specific biological processes. The method could be applied to the elucidation of the unknown regulatory mechanisms associated with complex gene regulatory processes. © 2009 Rhee et al;licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

关键词： Canonical Correlation Analysis Regulatory Motif Upstream Sequence Gene Expression Dataset Yeast Cell Cycle

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