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Nonlocal Metasurfaces for Optical Signal Processing

Physical Review Letters 2018年第17期121卷 173004-173004页

作者： Hoyeong Kwon Dimitrios Sounas Andrea Cordaro Albert Polman Andrea Alù Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Institute of Physics University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam Netherlands Center for Nanophotonics AMOLF Science Park 104 1098 XG Amsterdam Netherlands Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA

Optical analog signal processing has been gaining significant attention as a way to overcome the speed and energy limitations of digital techniques. Metasurfaces offer a promising avenue towards this goal due to their efficient manipulation of optical signals over deeply subwavelength volumes. To date, metasurfaces have been proposed to transform signals in the spatial domain, e.g., for beam steering, focusing, or holography, for which angular-dependent responses, or nonlocality, are unwanted features that must be avoided or mitigated. Here, we show that the metasurface nonlocality can be engineered to enable signal manipulation in the momentum domain over an ultrathin platform. We explore nonlocal metasurfaces performing basic mathematical operations, paving the way towards fast and power-efficient ultrathin devices for edge detection and optical image processing.

关键词： Geometrical & wave optics Imaging & optical processing Metamaterials Nanophotonics Photonics Transformation optics

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Identification of Pre-University Factors that Affect the Initial Motivation of Students in Computing programs: A multi-institutional case study

Identification of Pre-University Factors that Affect the Ini...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Pablo Schoeffel Raul Sidnei Wazlawick Vinicius Faria Culmant Ramos Adilson Vahldick Marcelo de Souza Graduate Program in Computer Science Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Department of Informatics and Statistics Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Department of Information and Communication Technologies Federal University of Santa Catarina Araranguá Brazil Departament of Software Engineering University of Santa Catarina State Ibirama Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781538611753;9781538611746

This Research to Practice Paper presents the results of the evaluation of pre-university factors that impact the initial motivation of undergraduate students in computing. Although there are studies in the literature that have investigated some previous factors, this paper replicates a previous work that aims to consolidate several pre-university factors and, as the main differential, uses the AMS (Academic Motivation Scale), a scale already consolidated in the literature to measure students' initial motivation, and evaluate the relation between motivation and candidate factors. We applied a questionnaire to 159 students from different computing programs in ten universities, which evaluates 20 factors divided into 4 groups: personal and demographic data, taste and knowledge of the program and area, computing experience, and school performance. To evaluate the correlation between factors and motivation, we used Spearman's coefficient, t-student test, and ANOVA to evaluate the correlation between factors and motivation. As main results, we found significant variation in the initial motivation according to following factors: taste for programming and technology, knowledge about the undergraduate program content, correct perception about computing professionals, knowledge and experience in computer programming, and general school performance.

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Abstracts

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JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE 2021年第SUPPL 1期44卷 S278-S324页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Medicine Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Toronto Toronto ON CA KITE - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute University Health Network Toronto ON CA Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto ON CA Rehabilitation Sciences Institute University of Toronto Toronto ON CA Institute of Medical Sciences University of Toronto Toronto ON CA. Rehabilitation Sciences Institute University of Toronto ON CA KITE Research Institute-Toronto Rehab-University Health Network Toronto ON CA Physical Therapy Department University of Toronto ON CA Praxis Spinal Cord Institute Vancouver BC Université de Montréal (École de réadaptation) Montreal QC CA Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Linsay-de-Montréal Montreal QC CA Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB CA University of Calgary Calgary AB CA Alberta Health Services Centre for Family Medicine Kitchener ON CA McMaster University Department of Family Medicine Hamilton ON CA Dept. of Physical Therapy University of Toronto Toronto ON CA KITE-University Health Network Toronto ON CA Praxis Spinal Cord Institute Vancouver BC CA Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS) Quebec City QC CA Dept. of Rehabilitation Laval University Quebec City QC CA Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto ON CA School of Rehabilitation Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK CA Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation Toronto ON CA Canadian Spinal Research Organization Toronto ON CA CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l ‘Île-de-Montréal (Installation Gingras-Lindsay) Montréal QC CA École de réadaptation Université de Montréal Montréal QC CA First Steps Wellness Centre Regina SK CA Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation Horizon Health Network Fredericton NB CA Departmen

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Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance

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Physical Review Applied 2018年第1期9卷 014025-014025页

作者： Samuel A. Miller Ian Witting Umut Aydemir Lintao Peng Alexander J. E. Rettie Prashun Gorai Duck Young Chung Mercouri G. Kanatzidis Matthew Grayson Vladan Stevanović Eric S. Toberer G. Jeffrey Snyder Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemistry Koç University Sariyer Istanbul 34450 Turkey Applied Physics Graduate Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden Colorado 80401 USA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado 80401 USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado 80401 USA

The transition-metal pentatellurides HfTe5 and ZrTe5 have been studied for their exotic transport properties with much debate over the transport mechanism, band gap, and cause of the resistivity behavior, including a large low-temperature resistivity peak. Single crystals grown by the chemical-vapor-transport method have shown an n−p transition of the Seebeck coefficient at the same temperature as a peak in the resistivity. We show that behavior similar to that of single crystals can be observed in iodine-doped polycrystalline samples but that undoped polycrystalline samples exhibit drastically different properties: they are p type over the entire temperature range. Additionally, the thermal conductivity for polycrystalline samples is much lower, 1.5 Wm−1 K−1, than previously reported for single crystals. It is found that the polycrystalline ZrTe5 system can be modeled as a simple semiconductor with conduction and valence bands both contributing to transport, separated by a band gap of 20 meV. This model demonstrates to first order that a simple two-band model can explain the transition from n- to p-type behavior and the cause of the anomalous resistivity peak. Combined with the experimental data, the two-band model shows that carrier concentration variation is responsible for differences in behavior between samples. Using the two-band model, the thermoelectric performance at different doping levels is predicted, finding zT=0.2 and 0.1 for p and n type, respectively, at 300 K, and zT=0.23 and 0.32 for p and n type at 600 K. Given the reasonably high zT that is comparable in magnitude for both n and p type, a thermoelectric device with a single compound used for both legs is feasible.

关键词： Band gap Charge density waves Hall effect Semimetals Spin-orbit coupling Thermoelectric effects Chalcogenides Semiconductor compounds

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A high-order log barrier-based mesh generation and warping method

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Procedia engineering 2017年 203卷 180-192页

作者： Mike Stees Suzanne M. Shontz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Information and Telecommunication Technology Center The University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Bioengineering Graduate Program Information and Telecommunication Technology Center The University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA

The ability to generate high-order meshes that conform to the boundary of curved geometries is a hurdle in the adoption of high-order computational methods for the numerical solution of partial differential equations. In this paper, we propose a method for generating and warping second-order Lagrange triangular and tetrahedral meshes based on a log barrier method. In the case of generation, the approach consists of modifying an initial linear mesh by first, adding nodes at the midpoint of each edge; second, displacing the newly added boundary midpoints to the curved boundary, and third, solving for the final positions of the interior nodes based on the boundary deformation. By allowing all of the boundary nodes to move, the approach can also be used to warp second-order triangular and tetrahedral meshes. We present several numerical examples in both two and three dimensions which demonstrate the capabilities of our method in generating and warping second-order curvilinear meshes.

关键词： high-order mesh generation curvilinear high-order mesh high-order mesh warping numerical optimization

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Genomic basis for RNA alterations in cancer (vol 578, pg 129, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E37-E37页

作者： Calabrese, Claudia Davidson, Natalie R. Demircioglu, Deniz Fonseca, Nuno A. He, Yao Lehmann, Kjong-Van Liu, Fenglin Shiraishi, Yuichi Soulette, Cameron M. Urban, Lara Greger, Liliana Li, Siliang Liu, Dongbing Perry, Marc D. Xiang, Qian Zhang, Fan Zhang, Junjun Bailey, Peter Erkek, Serap Hoadley, Katherine A. Hou, Yong Huska, Matthew R. Kilpinen, Helena Korbel, Jan O. Marin, Maximillian G. Markowski, Julia Nandi, Tannistha Pan-Hammarstrom, Qiang Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar Siebert, Reiner Stark, Stefan G. Su, Hong Tan, Patrick Waszak, Sebastian M. Yung, Christina Zhu, Shida Awadalla, Philip Creighton, Chad J. Meyerson, Matthew Ouellette, B. F. Francis Wu, Kui Yang, Huanming Brazma, Alvis Brooks, Angela N. Goke, Jonathan Ratsch, Gunnar Schwarz, Roland F. Stegle, Oliver Zhang, Zemin European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute Hinxton UK European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) Cambridge UK Genome Biology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg Germany CIBIO/InBIO - Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Berlin Germany German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner site Berlin Berlin Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory Genome Biology Unit Heidelberg Germany Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Lausanne Switzerland University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland Computational Biology Center Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Biology ETH Zurich Zürich Switzerland Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Korea University Seoul South Korea Computational and Systems Biology Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Controlled Department and Institution New York NY USA Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Genome Institute of Singapore Singapore Singapore Computational and Systems Biology Genome Institute of Singap

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Conceptual Design of Mobile Application for Post-disaster Rapid Assessment of Damaged Houses

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2019年第1期273卷

作者： I Setyawati K Munadi Y Idris Syamsidik S Muchallil Post Graduate of Disaster Science Program Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia

The current rapid assessment of post-earthquake damaged houses has been done manually. The determination of the damage level is also very subjective. Moreover, the available time during a rapid assessment and limited number of enumerators lead to ineffective decisions for responses and assistances. There are several application had appeared trying to answer the problems, but still they have many types of data that need to be input and even need a lot of time to process. The system design to be simple, more user-friendly and time efficient to be operated during the assessment. This study is aimed to develop a conceptual design of a system to collect data of houses damaged by earthquake using mobile application which propose to work both online and offline. The system will consists of five components: mobile device, user, data center (web server and database), internet, and data processing center (administrator and manager to verify and analyze the data). The application design to be integrated with Google Maps containing concise data entry to facilitate users (trained users and common users) and to shorten the time of data collection. Final collected data will be presented through the website and perform descriptive and spatial analysis.

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Restricted Boltzmann machine to determine the input weights for extreme learning machines

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Pacheco, Andre G.C. Krohling, Renato A. da Silva, Carlos A.S. Graduate Program in Computer Science PPGI Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES Vitória ES Brazil Production Engineering Department Graduate Program in Computer Science PPGI Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES Vitória ES Brazil

The Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is a single-hidden layer feedforward neural network (SLFN) learning algorithm that can learn effectively and quickly. The ELM training phase assigns the input weights and bias randomly and do not change them in the whole process. Although the network works well, the random weights in the input layer can make the algorithm less effective and impact on its performance. Therefore, we propose a new approach to determine the input weights and bias for the ELM using the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), which we call RBM-ELM. We compare our new approach with a well-known approach to improve the ELM and a state of the art algorithm to select the weights for the ELM. The results show that the RBM-ELM outperforms both methodologies and achieve a better performance than the ELM. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge acquisition

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Non-reciprocal willis coupling in zero-index moving media

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Quan, Li Sounas, Dimitrios L. Alù, Andrea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University DetroitMI48202 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York NY10031 United States

Mechanical motion can break the symmetry in which sound travels in a medium, but significant non-reciprocity is typically achieved only for very large motion speeds. Here we combine moving media with zero-index acoustic propagation, yielding extreme non-reciprocity and induced bianisotropy for modest applied speeds. The metamaterial is formed by an array of waveguides loaded by Helmholtz resonators, and it exhibits opposite signs of the refractive index sustained by asymmetric Willis coupling for propagation in opposite directions. We use this response to design a nonreciprocal acoustic lens focusing only when excitation from one side, with applications for imaging and ultrasound technology. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Refractive index

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Overview of KAGRA : Data transfer and management

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Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 2023年第10期2023卷

作者： Akutsu, T Ando, M Arai, K Arai, Y Araki, S Araya, A Aritomi, N Asada, H Aso, Y Bae, S Bae, Y Baiotti, L Bajpai, R Barton, M A Cannon, K Cao, Z Capocasa, E Chan, M Chen, C Chen, K Chen, Y Chiang, C-Y Chu, H Chu, Y-K Eguchi, S Enomoto, Y Flaminio, R Fujii, Y Fujikawa, Y Fukunaga, M Fukushima, M Gao, D Ge, G Ha, S Hagiwara, A Haino, S Han, W-B Hasegawa, K Hattori, K Hayakawa, H Hayama, K Himemoto, Y Hiranuma, Y Hirata, N Hirose, E Hong, Z Hsieh, B Huang, G-Z Huang, H-Y Huang, P Huang, Y-C Huang, Y Hui, D C Y Ide, S Ikenoue, B Imam, S Inayoshi, K Inoue, Y Ioka, K Ito, K Itoh, Y Izumi, K Jeon, C Jin, H-B Jung, K Jung, P Kaihotsu, K Kajita, T Kakizaki, M Kamiizumi, M Kanda, N Kang, G Kawaguchi, K Kawai, N Kawasaki, T Kim, C Kim, J Kim, J C Kim, W S Kim, Y-M Kimura, N Kita, N Kitazawa, H Kobayashi, Y Kojima, Y Kokeyama, K Komori, K Kong, A K H Kotake, K Kozakai, C Kozu, R Kumar, R Kume, J Kuo, C Kuo, H-S Kuromiya, Y Kuroyanagi, S Kusayanagi, K Kwak, K Lee, H K Lee, H W Lee, R Leonardi, M Li, K L Lin, L C-C Lin, C-Y Lin, F-K Lin, F-L Lin, H L Liu, G C Luo, L-W Majorana, E Marchio, M Michimura, Y Mio, N Miyakawa, O Miyamoto, A Miyazaki, Y Miyo, K Miyoki, S Mori, Y Morisaki, S Moriwaki, Y Nagano, K Nagano, S Nakamura, K Nakano, H Nakano, M Nakashima, R Nakayama, Y Narikawa, T Naticchioni, L Negishi, R Quynh, L Nguyen Ni, W-T Nishizawa, A Nozaki, S Obuchi, Y Ogaki, W Oh, J J Oh, K Oh, S H Ohashi, M Ohashi, T Ohishi, N Ohkawa, M Ohta, H Okutani, Y Okutomi, K Oohara, K Ooi, C Oshino, S Otabe, S Pan, K Pang, H Parisi, A Park, J Arellano, F E Peña Pinto, I Sago, N Saito, S Saito, Y Sakai, K Sakai, Y Sakuno, Y Sasaki, Y Sato, S Sato, T Sawada, T Sekiguchi, T Sekiguchi, Y Shao, L Shibagaki, S Shimizu, R Shimoda, T Shimode, K Shinkai, H Shishido, T Shoda, A Somiya, K Son, E J Sotani, H Sugimoto, R Suresh, J Suzuki, T Tagoshi, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, R Takamori, A Takano, S Takeda, H Takeda, M Tanaka, H Tanaka, K Tanaka, T Tanioka, S Martin, E N Tapia San Telada, S Tomaru, T Tomigami, Y Tomura, T Travasso, F Trozzo, L Tsang, T Ts Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU) The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa City Chiba 277-8582 Japan Accelerator Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0032 Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo-cho Hirosaki City Aomori 036-8561 Japan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu 506-1205 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Korea National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 70 Yuseong-daero 1689 Beon-gil Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34047 Korea International College Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka City Osaka 560-0043 Japan School of High Energy Accelerator Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University No. 19 Xinjiekou Street Beijing 100875 China Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan Fukuoka City Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan Department of Physics Tamkang University No. 151 Yingzhuan Rd. Danshui Dist. New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan Department of Physics and Institute of Astronomy Nation

KAGRA is a newly built gravitational wave observatory, a laser interferometer with a 3 km arm length, located in Kamioka, Gifu prefecture, Japan. In this article, we describe the KAGRA data management system, i.e., recording of data, transfer from the KAGRA experiment site to computing resources, as well as data distribution to tier sites, including international sites in Taiwan and Korea. The amount of KAGRA data exceeded 1.0 PiB and increased by about 1.5 TB per day during operation in 2020. Our system has succeeded in data management, and has achieved performance that can withstand observations after 2023, that is, a transfer rate of 20 MB s-1or more and file storage of sufficient capacity for petabyte class. We also discuss the sharing of data between the global gravitational-wave detector network with other experiments, namely LIGO and Virgo. The latency, which consists of calculation of calibrated strain data and transfer time within the global network, is very important from the view of multi-messenger astronomy using gravitational waves. Real-time calbrated data delivered from the KAGRA detector site and other detectors to our computing system arrive with about 4–15 seconds of latency. These latencies are sufficiently short compared to the time taken for gravitational wave event search computations. We also established a high-latency exchange of offline calibrated data that was aggregated with a better accuracy compared with real-time data.

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