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arXiv 2017年

作者： Faugère, Jean-Charles Horan, Kelsey Kahrobaei, Delaram Kaplan, Marc Kashefi, Elham Perret, Ludovic UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR 7606 LIP6 ParisF-75005 France CNRS UMR 7606 LIP6 ParisF-75005 France INRIA Paris Center France Program in Computer Science Graduate Center City University of New York 365 5th Ave New YorkNY10016 United States New York University Tandon School of Engineering BrooklynNY11201 United States School of Informatics University of Edinburgh 10 Crichton Street EdinburghEH8 9AB United Kingdom

In August 2015 the cryptographic world was shaken by a sudden and surprising announcement by the US National Security Agency (NSA) concerning plans to transition to post-quantum algorithms. Since this announcement post-quantum cryptography has become a topic of primary interest for several standardization bodies. The transition from the currently deployed public-key algorithms to post-quantum algorithms has been found to be challenging in many aspects. In particular the problem of evaluating the quantum-bit security of such post-quantum cryptosystems remains vastly open. Of course this question is of primarily concern in the process of standardizing the post-quantum cryptosystems. In this paper we consider the quantum security of the problem of solving a system of m Boolean multivariate quadratic equations in n variables (MQ2);a central problem in postquantum cryptography. When n = m, under a natural algebraic assumption, we present a Las-Vegas quantum algorithm solving MQ2that requires the evaluation of, on average, O(20.462n) quantum gates. To our knowledge this is the fastest algorithm for solving MQ2. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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A learning model for intelligent agents applied to poultry farming 17

A learning model for intelligent agents applied to poultry f...

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17th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, ICEIS 2015

作者： Ribeiro, Richardson Teixeira, Marcelo Wirth, André L. Borges, André P. Enembreck, Fabrício Department of Informatics Federal University of Technology-Paraná Pato Branco Brazil Graduate Program in Computer Science Pontificial Catholical University-Paraná Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789897580970

This paper proposes a learning model for taking-decision problems using intelligent agents technologies combined with instance-based machine learning techniques. Our learning model is applied to a real case to support the daily decisions of a poultry farmer. The agent of the system is used to generate action policies, in order to control a set of factors in the daily activities, such as food-meat conversion, amount of food to be consumed, time to rest, weight gain, comfort temperature, water and energy to be consumed, etc. The perception of the agent is ensured by a set of sensors scattered by the physical structure of the poultry. The principal role of the agent is to perform a set of actions in a way to consider aspects such as productivity and profitability without compromising bird welfare. Experimental results have shown that, for the decision-taking process in poultry farming, our model is sound, advantageous and can substantially improve the agent actions in comparison with equivalent decision when taken by a human specialist.

关键词： Decision making

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Design of Decision Support System Determination of Inventory Inventory Using Single Exponential Smoothing Forecasting Method

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1114卷

作者： Muhammad Iqbal Dahlan Abdullah H Hartono Cut Ita Erliana S Sriadhi Nurmawati M Adhi Prasnowo Abdurrozzaq Hasibuan Akbar Iskandar Kundharu Saddhono Abdussakir Hastuti Musa Muhammad Ikhsan Setiawan Youmeni Sagala Rumiris Siahaan Eka Mayastika Sinaga Anggraini Syahputri Feby Milanie Henry Aspan Muammar Khaddafi Department of Computer System Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi Medan Indonesia Department of Informatics Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Indonesia Department of Computer Science STMIK IBBI Medan Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Negeri Medan Indonesia Faculty of Industry Technique University of 45 Surabaya Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Maarif Hasyim Latif Sidoarjo Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Universitas Islam Sumatera UtaraMedan-Indonesia Informatics Engineering STMIK AKBA Makassar Indonesia Graduate Program Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Department of Mathematics Education State Islamic University of Malang Malang Indonesia Department of Mathematics Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Narotama University Surabaya Indonesia STIE Bina Karya Tebing Tinggi Indonesia Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi Medan Indonesia Department of Accounting Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Indonesia

The development of information and communication technology at this time has touched all sides of life. Almost no side of human life is not touched by this information technology, which is more synonymous with the world of computerization. No exception also with the computerization that is popular in the corporate environment and government agencies. If in ancient times everything was still done manually. However, at this time all leaders and management have realized the importance of this information technology products that can facilitate them in carrying out the day-to-day corporate functions. Decision Making System of goods purchasing is one of the determinants of the accumulation of goods. If the decision is taken right then stockpiling of goods can be avoided. In this thesis the authors designed a web-based system that helps Management in making the decision of the purchase amount of goods. the system was developed by using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 and using SQL Server database processing applications. The end result of system design is expected to help minimize the accumulation of goods.

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Retraction: Design of Decision Support System Determination of Inventory Inventory Using Single Exponential Smoothing Forecasting Method (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1114 012082)

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1114卷

This paper was retracted by IOP Publishing on 12 December 2018. This paper was published due to a technical error and was not intended to be included in this journal. Retraction published: 8 February 2019

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Initial BIBFRAME 2.0 Modeling for the Library Information Spotlight “Opera Planet”

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Journal of Library Metadata 2016年第3-4期16卷 202-227页

作者： Xu, Amanda Singh, Abhishek Ramamurthy, Anusha Xu, Changhui Abdelraouf, Mostafa M. Ding, Ying University of Iowa Libraries Iowa City IA United States School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University Bloomington IN United States Computer Science University of Iowa Iowa City IA United States Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics University of Iowa Iowa City IA United States

The library linked data environment promises to meet libraries' needs for agility in content delivery and user engagement on the Web. This project chose BIBFRAME 2.0 to demonstrate the purpose by covering the initial BIBFRAME 2.0 modeling and conversion of the sample bibliographic data in Opera Planet, a collection of opera librettos, scores, videos, sound recordings, streaming media, and so forth. The project also developed a proof-of-concept demo site for linked library data application for content enhancement and visualization using various tools, particularly the MARC to BIBFRAME Transformation Service, RDF Translator, AngularJS 2.0, and external open linked data. © 2016, Published with license by Taylor & Francis.

关键词： angularjs2 BIBFRAME 2.0 model and vocabulary linked open data MARC21 metadata conversion visualization

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Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026

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The Lancet Global Health 2023年第3期11卷 e385-e413页

作者： Micah, Angela E. Bhangdia, Kayleigh Cogswell, Ian E. Lasher, Dylan Lidral-Porter, Brendan Maddison, Emilie R. Nguyen, Trang Nhu Ngoc Patel, Nishali Pedroza, Paola Solorio, Juan Stutzman, Hayley Tsakalos, Golsum Wang, Yifeng Warriner, Wesley Zhao, Yingxi Zlavog, Bianca S. Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Jaffar Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abedi, Aidin Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abhilash, E.S. Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abubaker Ali, Hiwa Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adem, Mohammed Hussien Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed Rashid, Tarik Aji, Budi Akbarialiabad, Hossein Akelew, Yibeltal Al Hamad, Hanadi Alam, Khurshid Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled Alhassan, Robert Kaba Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Amu, Hubert Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Tudorel Anwar, Sumadi Lukman Appiah, Francis Aqeel, Muhammad Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Aremu, Olatunde Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Avila-Burgos, Leticia Ayanore, Martin Amogre Azari, Samad Baig, Atif Amin Bantie, Abere Tilahun Barrow, Amadou Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Sanjay Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Baune, Bernhard T. Berezvai, Zombor Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhaskar, Sonu Boachie, Micheal Kofi Bodolica, Virginia Botelho, João Silva Botelho Braithwaite, Dejana Breitborde, Nicholas J.K. Busse, Reinhard Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Catalá-López, Ferrán Chansa, Collins Charan, Jaykaran Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chen, Simiao Chukwu, Isaac Sunday Dadras, Omid Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dargahi, Abdollah Debela, Sisay Abebe Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Desye, Belay Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Diao, Nancy Doan, Linh Phuong Dodangeh, Milad dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque Doshmangir, Leila Dube, John Eini, Ebrahim El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enyew, Daniel Berhanie Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Antai College of Economics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Children’s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran National Institute for Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Cardiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics and Statistics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurosurgery Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Ophthalmic R

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided

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Proceedings of the 16th Annual UT-KBRIN Bioinformatics Summit 2016: bioinformatics

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BMC Bioinformatics 2017年第9期18卷 1-9页

作者： Eric C. Rouchka Juw Won Park Julia H. Chariker David A. Tieri Shreedharkumar Rajurkar Vikas Singh Nishchal K. Verma Yan Cui Mark Farman Bradford Condon Jolanta Jaromczyk Neil Moore Jerzy Jaromczyk Daniel Harris Patrick Calie Eun Kyong Shin Robert L. Davis Arash Shaban-Nejad Joshua M. Mitchell Hunter N. B. Moseley Robert M. Flight Qing Jun Wang Richard M. Higashi Teresa W-M Fan Andrew N. Lane Liangqun Lu Bernie J Daigle Jr. Xi Chen Andrey Smelter Jerzy W. Jaromczyk Bailey K. Phan Nathaniel J. Serpico Ethan G. Toney Li Chen Caroline E. Melton Jennifer R. Mandel Bernie J. Daigle Jr. Hao Chen Kazi I. Zaman Ramin Homayouni Patrick J. Trainor Andrew P. DeFilippis Samantha M. Carlisle Shesh N. Rai Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of Louisville Duthie Center for Engineering Louisville KY 40292 USA Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure (KBRIN) Bioinformatics Core 522 East Gray Street Louisville KY 40292 USA Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Kanpur India Department of Microbiology Immunology and Biochemistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN 38103 USA Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN 38103 USA Department of Plant Pathology University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40546 USA UK Healthcare Genomics University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Department of Forestry University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USA Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USA Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40508 USA Department of Biological Sciences Eastern Kentucky University Richmond KY 40475 USA University of Tennessee Health Science Center – Oak-Ridge National Lab (UTHSC-ORNL) Center for Biomedical Informatics Department of Pediatrics Memphis TN 38103 USA Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA Markey Cancer Center University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA Institute for Biomedical Informatics University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536 USA Department of Statistics University of Kentucky Louisville KY

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Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet Planetary Health 2022年第7期6卷 e586-e600页

作者： Burkart, Katrin Causey, Kate Cohen, Aaron J Wozniak, Sarah S Salvi, Devashri Digvijay Abbafati, Cristiana Adekanmbi, Victor Adsuar, Jose C Ahmadi, Keivan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alipour, Vahid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amegah, Adeladza Kofi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Ansari, Fereshteh Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Aripov, Timur Babaee, Ebrahim Banach, MacIej Barnett, Anthony Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Bedi, Neeraj Behzadifar, Masoud Béjot, Yannick Bennett, Derrick A Bensenor, Isabela M Bernstein, Robert S Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Biondi, Antonio Bohlouli, Somayeh Breitner, Susanne Brenner, Hermann Butt, Zahid A Cámera, Luis Alberto Cantu-Brito, Carlos Carvalho, Felix Cerin, Ester Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chauhan, Bal Govind Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine Chu, Dinh-Toi Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daryani, Ahmad Davletov, Kairat De Courten, Barbora Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Duncan, Bruce B El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Eskandarieh, Sharareh Fareed, Mohammad Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Nazir Fazlzadeh, Mehdi Fernandes, Eduarda Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A Freitas, Marisa Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Paramjit Singh Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Gopalani, Sameer Vali Guo, Yuming Gupta, Rajat Das Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Hamadeh, Randah R Hamidi, Samer Hankey, Graeme J Hasanpoor, Edris Hassen, Hamid Yimam Hay, Simon I Heibati, Behzad Hole, Michael K Hossain, Naznin Househ, Mowafa Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Jaafari, Jalil Jakovljevic, Mihajlo Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy Kasaeian, Amir Kaydi, Neda Khader, Yousef Saleh Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khatab, Khaled Khater, Amir M Kim, Yun Jin Kimokoti, Ruth W Kisa, Adnan Kivimäki, Mika Knibbs, Luke D Kosen, Soewarta Koul, Parvaiz A Koyanagi, Ai Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Kugbey, Nuworza Lauriola, Paolo Lee, Paul H Leili, Mostafa Lewycka, Sonia Li, Shanshan Lim, Lee-Ling Li Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA United States Research Insights and Innovation Seattle WA United States Health Effects Institute Boston MA United States School of Public Health Boston University Boston MA United States Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Population Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Sport Science Department University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain School of Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) St Louis MO United States Health Management and Economics Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Community and Family Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast) Barranquilla Colombia Research Group in Health Economics University of Cartagena Cartagena Colombia Department of Biomedical Science University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Cardiology Department Ca

Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. Methods: We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression—Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM_2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100 000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM_2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM_2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68–4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117–223) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49–17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73–17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22–9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81–8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Am

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Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (vol 395, pg 1779, 2020)

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LANCET 2020年第10239期395卷 1762-1762页

作者： Reiner, R. C., Jr. Hay, S., I Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States College of Health and Medical Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Nursing and Midwifery Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Pharmacy Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Public Health Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Biology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Economics and Management Sciences for Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Iran National Institute of Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and

Summary Background Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associated risk factors can aid in reducing preventable childhood *** We used Bayesian model-based geostatistics and a geolocated dataset comprising 15 072 746 children younger than 5 years from 466 surveys in 94 LMICs, in combination with findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, to estimate posterior distributions of diarrhoea prevalence, incidence, and mortality from 2000 to 2017. From these data, we estimated the burden of diarrhoea at varying subnational levels (termed units) by spatially aggregating draws, and we investigated the drivers of subnational patterns by creating aggregated risk factor *** The greatest declines in diarrhoeal mortality were seen in south and southeast Asia and South America, where 54·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 38·1-65·8), 17·4% (7·7-28·4), and 59·5% (34·2-86·9) of units, respectively, recorded decreases in deaths from diarrhoea greater than 10%. Although children in much of Africa remain at high risk of death due to diarrhoea, regions with the most deaths were outside Africa, with the highest mortality units located in Pakistan. Indonesia showed the greatest within-country geographical inequality; some regions had mortality rates nearly four times the average country rate. Reductions in mortality were correlated to improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) or reductions in child growth failure (CGF). Similarly, most high-risk areas had poor WASH, high CGF, or low oral rehydration therapy *** By co-analysing geospatial trends in d

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I-DCOP: Train Classification Based on an Iterative Process Using Distributed Constraint Optimization

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Procedia computer science 2015年 51卷 2297-2306页

作者： Denise M.V. Sato André P. Borges Peter Márton Edson E. Scalabrin Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Parana Graduate Program in Informatics Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba Brazil Faculty of Management and Computer Science University of Zilina Zilina Slovakia

This paper presents an iterative process based on Distributed Constraint Optimization (I-DCOP), to solve train classification problems. The input of the I-DCOP is the train classification problem modelled as a DCOP, named Optimization Model for Train Classification (OMTC). OMTC generates a feasible schedule for a train classification problem defined by the inbound trains, the total of outbound trains and the cars assigned to them. The expected result, named feasible schedule, leads to the correct formation of the outbound trains, based on the order criteria defined. The OMTC also minimizes the schedule execution time and the total number of roll-ins (operation executed on cars, sometimes charged by the yards). I-DCOP extends the OMTC including the constraints of limited amount of classification tracks ant their capacity. However, these constraints are included iteratively by adding domain restrictions on the OMTC. Both OMTC and I-DCOP have been measured using scenarios based on real yard data. OMTC has generated optimal and feasible schedules to the scenarios, optimizing the total number of roll-ins. I-DCOP solved more complex scenarios, providing sub-optimal solutions. The experiments have shown that distributed constraint optimization problems can include additional constraints based on interactively defined domain.

关键词： Train Classification Classification Schedules I-DCOP OMTC DCOP.

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