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arXiv 2017年

作者： Coppieters, Andrey M. de Oliveira, Sheila França, Felipe M.G. Pilla, Maurício L. da Costa, Amarildo T. Program of Systems and Computer Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro PO Box 68511 Rio de Janeiro RJ21941-972 Brazil Graduate Program in Computer Sciences Federal University of Pelotas R. Gomes Carneiro 1 PelotasRS/96010-610 Brazil Military Institute of Engineering Praça Gen. Tibúrcio 80 Rio de Janeiro RJ22290-270 Brazil

Reuse has been proposed as a microarchitecture-level mechanism to reduce the amount of executed instructions, collapsing dependencies and freeing resources for other instructions. Previous works have used reuse domains such as memory accesses, integer or not floating point, based on the reusability rate. However, these works have not studied the specific contribution of reusing different subsets of instructions for performance. In this work, we analysed the sensitivity of trace reuse to instruction subsets, comparing their efficiency to their complementary subsets. We also studied the amount of reuse that can be extracted from loops. Our experiments show that disabling trace reuse outside loops does not harm performance but reduces in 12% the number of accesses to the reuse table. Our experiments with reuse subsets show that most of the speedup can be retained even when not reusing all types of instructions previously found in the reuse domain. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reusability

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Magnetoresistance in the superconducting state at the (111) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface

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Physical Review B 2017年第13期96卷 134502-134502页

作者： S. Davis Z. Huang K. Han Ariando T. Venkatesan V. Chandrasekhar Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA NUSNNI-Nanocore National University of Singapore 117411 Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore 117551 Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering National University of Singapore 117456 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Material Science and Engineering National University of Singapore 117575 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Condensed-matter systems that simultaneously exhibit superconductivity and ferromagnetism are rare due the antagonistic relationship between conventional spin-singlet superconductivity and ferromagnetic order. In materials in which superconductivity and magnetic order are known to coexist (such as some heavy-fermion materials), the superconductivity is thought to be of an unconventional nature. Recently, the conducting gas that lives at the interface between the perovskite band insulators LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO) has also been shown to host both superconductivity and magnetism. Most previous research has focused on LAO/STO samples in which the interface is on the (001) crystal plane. Relatively little work has focused on the (111) crystal orientation, which has hexagonal symmetry at the interface, and has been predicted to have potentially interesting topological properties, including unconventional superconducting pairing states. Here we report measurements of the magnetoresistance of (111) LAO/STO heterostructures at temperatures at which they are also superconducting. As with the (001) structures, the magnetoresistance is hysteretic, indicating the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity, but in addition, we find that this magnetoresistance is anisotropic. Such an anisotropic response is completely unexpected in the superconducting state and suggests that (111) LAO/STO heterostructures may support unconventional superconductivity.

关键词： Coherence length Ferromagnetism Magnetotransport Phase diagrams Superconducting phase transition Superconductivity Hall bar Resistivity measurements

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SOPHIA: Soft Orthotic Physiotherapy Hand Interactive Aid

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Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering 2017年 3卷

作者： McConnell, Alistair C. Vallejo, Marta Moioli, Renan Cipriano Brasil, Fabricio L. Secciani, Nicola Nemitz, Markus P. Riquart, Cecile P. Corne, David W. Vargas, Patricia A. Stokes, Adam A. Robotics Lab School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom Stokes Research Group School of Engineering Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Graduate Program in Neuroengineering Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience Santos Dumont Institute Macaiba Brazil

This work describes the design, fabrication, and initial testing of a Soft Orthotic Physiotherapy Hand Interactive Aid (SOPHIA) for stroke rehabilitation. SOPHIA consists of (1) a soft robotic exoskeleton, (2) a microcontroller-based control system driven by a brain–machine interface (BMI), and (3) a sensorized glove for passive rehabilitation. In contrast to other rehabilitation devices, SOPHIA is the first modular prototype of a rehabilitation system that is capable of three tasks: aiding extension based assistive rehabilitation, monitoring patient exercises, and guiding passive rehabilitation. Our results show that this prototype of the device is capable of helping healthy subjects to open their hand. Finger extension is triggered by a command from the BMI, while using a variety of sensors to ensure a safe motion. All data gathered from the device will be used to guide further improvements to the prototype, aiming at developing specifications for the next generation device, which could be used in future clinical trials. © Copyright © 2017 McConnell, Vallejo, Moioli, Brasil, Secciani, Nemitz, Riquart, Corne, Vargas and Stokes.

关键词： Orthotics

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Improving Students Skills to Solve Elementary Equations in K-12 programs Using an Intelligent Tutoring System

Improving Students Skills to Solve Elementary Equations in K...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Arcanjo Miguel Mota Lopes José Francisco de Magalhães Netto Ricardo A. L. de Souza Andreza Bastos Mourão Thais Oliveira Almeida Dhanielly P. R. de Lima Post-Graduate Program in Informatics (PPGI) Institute of Computing (IComp) Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) Manaus AM Brazil Institute of Exact Sciences (ICE) Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) Manaus AM Brazil University of State of Amazonas (UEA) Post-Graduate Program in Informatics (PPGI) Institute of Computing (IComp) Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) Manaus AM Brazil Department of Science Computer Federal University of Roraima Boa Vista RR Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9781728117461

ISBN: (纸本)9781728117478

This full paper of research to practice category describes an experiment using an Intelligent Tutoring System to support teaching and learning that evolve solutions of first-degree equations. The difficulties encountered in solving algebra problems can make students consider math and related science a difficult task. We propose a Tutor to promote the learning of this class of problems. In this article, we describe the functioning and architecture of the tutor composed by the Interface, Student Model, Tutorial Strategies and Domain Model. Also, a Virtual Assistant was included to motivate students in the learning process. The tutoring strategies that comprise the tutor are projected from models found in the literature. To approximate the interactions of the tutor with the actions of the teachers, Lev Vygotsky's Concept of Zone Proximal Development was used. The methodology used in this project was the case study applied in a real-life context, obtaining a combination of quantitative and qualitative evidence about technical and pedagogical usability that show the degree of satisfaction of the students regarding the proposed approach.

关键词： Education Mathematical model Informatics Abstract algebra Cognition

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Global Wheat Head Detection 2021:An Improved Dataset for Benchmarking Wheat Head Detection Methods

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 277-285页

作者： Etienne David Mario Serouart Daniel Smith Simon Madec Kaaviya Velumani Shouyang Liu Xu Wang Francisco Pinto Shahameh Shafiee Izzat SATahir Hisashi Tsujimoto Shuhei Nasuda Bangyou Zheng Norbert Kirchgessner Helge Aasen Andreas Hund Pouria Sadhegi-Tehran Koichi Nagasawa Goro Ishikawa Sébastien Dandrifosse Alexis Carlier Benjamin Dumont Benoit Mercatoris Byron Evers Ken Kuroki Haozhou Wang Masanori Ishii Minhajul ABadhon Curtis Pozniak David Shaner LeBauer Morten Lillemo Jesse Poland Scott Chapman Benoit de Solan Frédéric Baret Ian Stavness Wei Guo Arvalis Institut du Végétal3 Rue Joseph et Marie Hackin75116 ParisFrance UMR1114 EMMAH INRAECentre PACABâtiment ClimatDomaine Saint-Paul228 Route de l’AérodromeCS 4050984914 Avignon CedexFrance School of Food and Agricultural Sciences The University of QueenslandGatton4343 QLDAustralia Hiphen SAS 120 Rue Jean DaussetAgroparcBâtiment Technicité84140 AvignonFrance Plant Phenomics Research Center Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Wheat Genetics Resource Center Dep.of Plant PathologyKansas State Univ.4024 Throckmorton Plant Sciences CenterManhattanKansasUSA Global Wheat Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)MexicoD.F.Mexico Faculty of Biosciences Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway Agricultural Research Corporation Wheat Research ProgramP.O.Box 126Wad MedaniSudan Arid Land Research Center Tottori UniversityTottori 680-0001Japan Laboratories of Plant Genetics and Plant Breeding Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityJapan CSIRO Agriculture and Food Queensland Biosciences Precinct306 Carmody RoadSt Lucia4067 QLDAustralia Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichUniversitätstrasse 28092 ZurichSwitzerland Plant Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK Institute of Crop Science National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationJapan Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationJapan Biosystems Dynamics and Exchanges TERRA Teaching and Research CenterGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liège5030 GemblouxBelgium Plant Sciences TERRA Teaching and Research CenterGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liège5030 GemblouxBelgium Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo1-1-1 Midori-choNishitokyo CityTokyoJapan Department of Computer Science University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Plant Sciences University of SaskatchewanCanada College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonArizona

The Global Wheat Head Detection(GWHD)dataset was created in 2020 and has assembled 193,634 labelled wheat heads from 4700 RGB images acquired from various acquisition platforms and 7 countries/*** an associated competition hosted in Kaggle,GWHD_2020 has successfully attracted attention from both the computer vision and agricultural science *** this first experience,a few avenues for improvements have been identified regarding data size,head diversity,and label *** address these issues,the 2020 dataset has been reexamined,relabeled,and complemented by adding 1722 images from 5 additional countries,allowing for 81,553 additional wheat *** now release in 2021 a new version of the Global Wheat Head Detection dataset,which is bigger,more diverse,and less noisy than the GWHD_2020 version.

关键词： Wheat adding release

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A Systematic Review of Extended Reality (XR) for Understanding and Augmenting Vision Loss

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kasowski, Justin Johnson, Byron A. Neydavood, Ryan Akkaraju, Anvitha Beyeler, Michael Graduate Program in Dynamical Neuroscience University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Computer Science University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

Purpose: Over the past decade, extended reality (XR) has emerged as an assistive technology not only to augment residual vision of people losing their sight but also to study the rudimentary vision restored to blind people by a visual neuroprosthesis. To make the best use of these emerging technologies, it is valuable and timely to understand the state of this research and identify any shortcomings that are present. Methods: Here we present a systematic literature review of 227 publications from 106 different venues assessing the potential of XR technology to further visual accessibility. In contrast to other reviews, we sample studies from multiple scientific disciplines, focus on augmentation of a person's residual vision, and require studies to feature a quantitative evaluation with appropriate end users. Results: We summarize prominent findings from different XR research areas, show how the landscape has changed over the last decade, and identify scientific gaps in the literature. Specifically, we highlight the need for real-world validation, the broadening of end-user participation, and a more nuanced understanding of the suitability and usability of different XR-based accessibility aids. Translational Relevance: By broadening end-user participation to early stages of the design process and shifting the focus from behavioral performance to qualitative assessments of usability, future research has the potential to develop XR technologies that may not only allow for studying vision loss, but also enable novel visual accessibility aids with the potential to impact the lives of millions of people living with vision loss. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Augmented reality

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A bee-inspired algorithm for optimal data clustering

A bee-inspired algorithm for optimal data clustering

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Dávila Patrícia Ferreira Cruz Renato Dourado Maia Alexandre Szabo Leandro Nunes de Castro Educational Foundation of Montes Claros Montes Claros Minas Gerais Brazil Computer Sciences Department State University of Montes Claros Montes Claros Minas Gerais Brazil Natural Computing Laboratory (LCoN) Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Mackenzie Presbyterian University Sao Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904532

The amount of data generated in different knowledge areas has made it necessary the use of data mining tools capable of automatically analyzing and extracting knowledge from datasets. Clustering is one of the most important tasks in data mining and can be defined as the process of partitioning objects into groups or clusters, such that objects in the same group are more similar to one another than to objects belonging to other groups. In this context, this paper aims to propose an adaptation of a bee-inspired optimization algorithm so that it is able to solve data clustering problems. The algorithm was run for different datasets and the results obtained showed high quality clusters and diversity of solutions, whilst a suitable number of clusters was automatically determined.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Entropy Algorithm design and analysis Optimization Data mining computers Sociology

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Construction of time-stamped mobility map for path tracking via smith-waterman measurement matching

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Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014年第1期2014卷

作者： Zhou, Mu Tian, Zengshan Xu, Kunjie Wu, Haibo Pu, Qiaolin Yu, Xiang Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communications Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States China Internet Research Lab Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Path tracking in wireless and mobile environments is a fundamental technology for ubiquitous location-based services (LBSs). In particular, it is very challenging to develop highly accurate and cost-efficient tracking systems applied to the anonymous areas where the floor plans are not available for security and privacy reasons. This paper proposes a novel path tracking approach for large Wi-Fi areas based on the time-stamped unlabeled mobility map which is constructed from Smith-Waterman received signal strength (RSS) measurement matching. Instead of conventional location fingerprinting, we construct mobility map with the technique of dimension reduction from the raw measurement space into a low-dimensional embedded manifold. The feasibility of our proposed approach is verified by the real-world experiments in the HKUST campus Wi-Fi networks, sMobileNet. The experimental results prove that our approach is adaptive and capable of achieving an adequate precision level in path tracking. © 2014 Mu Zhou et al.

关键词： Wi-Fi

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FINDING CONTINUITY AND DISCONTINUITY IN FISH SCHOOLS VIA INTEGRATED INFORMATION THEORY

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Niizato, Takayuki Sakamoto, Kotaro Mototake, Yoh-ichi Murakami, Hisashi Tomaru, Takenori Hoshika, Tomotaro Fukushima, Toshiki Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Japan Human Biology Program University of Tsukuba Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Japan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Japan

Collective behaviour is known to be the result of diverse dynamics and is sometimes likened to a living system. Although many studies have revealed the dynamics of various collective behaviours, their main focus was on the information process inside the collective, not on the whole system itself. For example, the qualitative difference between two elements and three elements as a system has rarely been investigated. Tononi et al. have proposed Integrated Information Theory (IIT) to measure the degree of consciousness Φ. IIT postulates that the amount of information loss caused by certain partitions is equivalent to the degree of information integration in the system. This measure is not only useful for estimating the degree of consciousness but can also be applied to more general network systems. Here we applied IIT (in particular, IIT 3.0 using PyPhi) to analyse real fish schools (Plecoglossus altivelis). Our hypothesis in this study is a very simple one: a living system evolves to raise its Φ value. If we accept this hypothesis, IIT reveals the existence of continuous and discontinuous properties as group size varies. For example, leadership in the fish school emerged for a school size of four or above;but not below three. Furthermore, this transition was not observed by measuring mutual information or in a simple Boids model. This result suggests that integrated information Φ can reveal some inherent properties which cannot be observed using other measures. We also discuss how the fish recognition of the figure-ground relation, that is, what determines the relevant ON and OFF states, may reveal various optimal paths for obtaining the functional evolution of collective behaviour. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information theory

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CONVERGENCE SPEED AND APPROXIMATION ACCURACY OF NUMERICAL MCMC

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Cui, Tiangang Dong, Jing Jasra, Ajay Tong, Xin T. School of Mathematics Monash University Australia Graduate School of Business Columbia University United States Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore Singapore

When implementing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, perturbation caused by numerical errors is sometimes inevitable. This paper studies how perturbation of MCMC affects the convergence speed and Monte Carlo estimation accuracy. Our results show that when the original Markov chain converges to stationarity fast enough and the perturbed transition kernel is a good approximation to the original transition kernel, the corresponding perturbed sampler has similar convergence speed and high approximation accuracy as well. We discuss two different analysis frameworks: ergodicity and spectral gap, both are widely used in the literature. Our results can be easily extended to obtain non-asymptotic error bounds for MCMC estimators. We also demonstrate how to apply our convergence and approximation results to the analysis of specific sampling algorithms, including Random walk Metropolis and Metropolis adjusted Langevin algorithm with perturbed target densities, and parallel tempering Monte Carlo with perturbed densities. Finally we present some simple numerical examples to verify our theoretical claims. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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