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Real-Time 3D Object Detection, Recognition and Presentation Using a Mobile Device for Assistive Navigation

SN Computer Science 2023年第5期4卷 1-18页

作者： Chen, Jin Zhu, Zhigang Visual Computing Laboratory Computer Science Department The City College-CUNY New York 10031 NY United States Nearabl Inc. New York 10023 NY United States PhD Program in Computer Science The Graduate Center-CUNY New York 10016 NY United States

This paper presents an integrated solution for 3D object detection, recognition, and presentation to increase accessibility for various user groups in indoor areas through a mobile application. The system has three major components: a 3D object detection module, an object tracking and update module, and a voice and AR-enhanced interface. The 3D object detection module consists of pre-trained 2D object detectors and 3D bounding box estimation methods to detect the 3D poses and sizes of the objects in each camera frame. This module can easily adapt to various 2D object detectors (e.g., YOLO, SSD, mask RCNN) based on the requested task and requirements of the run time and details for the 3D detection result. It can run on a cloud server or mobile application. The object tracking and update module minimizes the computational power for long-term environment scanning by converting 2D tracking results into 3D results. The voice and AR-enhanced interface integrates ARKit and SiriKit to provide voice interaction and AR visualization to improve information delivery for different user groups. The system can be integrated with existing applications, especially assistive navigation, to increase travel safety for people who are blind or have low vision and improve social interaction for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. In addition, it can potentially be used for 3D reconstruction of the environment for other applications. Our preliminary test results for the object detection evaluation and real-time system performance are provided to validate the proposed system. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： 3D object detection ARKit Assistive technology Blind or low vision Voice assistance

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Enhancing the Performance of E-Mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs With Recessed Gates Through Low-Damage Neutral Beam Etching and Post-Metallization Annealing

IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology

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IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology 2023年 4卷 150-155页

作者： Chen, Yi-Ho Ohori, Daisuke Aslam, Muhammad Lee, Yao-Jen Li, Yiming Samukawa, Seiji National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Tohoku University Institute of Fluid Science Sendai980-8577 Japan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Institute of Communications Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

This study investigated the electrical properties of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with varied recess depths under the gate electrode. We demonstrated a recess depth of approximately 6 nm, which was achieved through neutral beam etching (NBE) technique with a low etch rate of 1.8 nm/min, resulting in device enhancement-mode (E-mode) behavior with threshold voltage (Vth) of 0.49 V. The effects of post-metallization annealing (PMA) on the device performance were also examined. The results revealed that PMA treatment improves the DC characteristics of the devices, including maximum drain current (IDMAX), transconductance (gm), subthreshold swing (SS), on-off ratio, and off-state leakage current, with maximum enhancement percentage of 18.3% for IDMAX, 3758% for on-off ratio, and 54.3% for SS. Moreover, this study compared the recess depths of metal-insulator-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) with the SiN dielectric layer. The results showed that MIS-HEMTs exhibit more negative Vth values, which can be attributed to the controlled surface states achieved through passivation. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Etching

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4G/5G performance of a multi-RAT UAV for medical parcel delivery 19

4G/5G performance of a multi-RAT UAV for medical parcel deli...

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19th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2022

作者： De Resende, Henrique Carvalho Pinheiro, Joao Francisco Nunes Reiter, Philippe Both, Cristiano Bonato Marquez-Barja, Johann M. University of Antwerp - Imec IDLab Faculty of Applied Engineering Antwerp Belgium Universidade Do Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos Applied Computing Graduate Program RS Porto Alegre Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781665431620

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are being developed and researched to be used in different areas and diverse use cases. The delivery of medical parcels is an emergency service that avails from the air traffic for the fast delivery of critical health content. Besides 5G networks being the target communication technology for the UAV parcel transport, the infrastructure is still not optimized for ground-level User Equipments (UEs). Using multiple Radio Access Technology (RAT) by UAVs is an alternative solution for scenarios where the 5G network is unstable or not yet fully deployed. In this paper, we present bench-marking of 5G and 4G networks on unideal radio scenarios to understand the real latency and throughput delivered by these technologies in worst-case scenarios. The results show that the 5G network can provide the necessary Quality of Service (QoS) for UAV operations even with Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) in the order of -90. In comparison, the preliminary data for the 4G network validates that the 4G network could not provide the required latency. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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Trans-disciplinary Communication and Multi-disciplinary Research 27

Trans-disciplinary Communication and Multi-disciplinary Rese...

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27th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, WMSCI 2023

作者： Vieira Kritz, Maurício Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PT United Kingdom National Laboratory for Scientific Computing and Knowledge Diffusion Multi-institutional Multi-disciplinary Graduate Program RJ Petrópolis25651-75 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781713880325

Phenomena investigated by scientists changed in quality, structure, and complexity since the dawn of XX century, moving from problems of simplicity into the organized-complexity domain. These phenomena contain almost always a living entity as one of its interacting parts. In the same historical period, scientific knowledge accumulated rapidly, and the education of scientific researchers embraced an ever-greater specialization, driven by the volume of accumulated knowledge, the proliferation of fields of interest and the "optimization" of training with respect to quantity and regularity. Consequently, scientific fields became more and more isolated, generating jargons and specificities in reasoning and application of the scientific method. This deeply contrasts with the present necessities of Humanity where the challenges, stemming from complex phenomena spreading over great spatial extensions, can only be mastered from a multi-disciplinary perspective. This work addresses the problem of how to turn a scattered scientific community into a meaningful mosaic of immense intellectual power. Difficulties and necessities in the communication between people educated in different disciplines are exposed using cybernetic, system, and communication concepts. It throws initial light in the possibilities and efficacy of multi-disciplinary scientific endeavors. It starts looking backwards into how communication among scientists and between scientists and non-scientists possibly occurred since the scientific revolution. It settles a framework to discuss problems related to trans-disciplinary communication in general, focusing on multi-disciplinary scientific research. The framework is constructed by pinning-down terminology and clarifying, polishing, and adapting a few intellectual tools from system and communication sciences, exemplifying how they may be employed. © 2023 Proceedings of World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, WMSCI. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multi-disciplinary Research Natural Philosophy Scientific Challenges Scientific Communication

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Wearable Technology Application for Banjar Language Translator to Support Ease of Communication: Prototyping and Sustainability Opportunities

Wearable Technology Application for Banjar Language Translat...

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2022 International Conference on Data and Software Engineering, ICoDSE 2022

作者： Syahidi, Aulia Akhrian Arai, Kohei Smart City Information System Applied Undergraduate Program Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin Banjarmasin City Indonesia Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University Computing Division Honjo-machi Saga Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350397055

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397055

Language differences are one of the obstacles to communication. Especially if you use certain regional languages such as Banjar Language. Banjar Language is the mother tongue used by the Banjar tribe in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. South Kalimantan is known as an area that has promising tourism potential and is the main gateway of the new nation's capital city. This causes many tourists to visit (overtourism). Tourists will face obstacles when communicating with local residents of Banjar. The purpose of this research is to produce a prototype of a tool in the form of a wearable technology-based translator application, using speech recognition with Python programming, then investigate the usability and sustainability opportunities of the prototype that has been made. A total of 200 respondents have been involved consisting of domestic tourists and local residents of Banjar, these respondents were involved in exploring needs and when evaluating usability. The results show that the prototype that has been made provides usability and is feasible to proceed to the implementation stage, as a means to help tourists from the archipelago and local residents of Banjar to communicate and also transact. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Sustainable development

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ProFog: A Proactive Elasticity Model for Fog computing-based IoT Applications 17

ProFog: A Proactive Elasticity Model for Fog Computing-based...

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17th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies, WEBIST 2021

作者： Barth, Guilherme Gabriel da Rosa Righi, Rodrigo da Costa, Cristiano André Rodrigues, Vinicius Facco Applied Computing Graduate Program Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos São Leopoldo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789897585364

Today, streaming, Artificial Intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) are being some of the main drivers to accelerate process automation in various companies. These technologies are often connected to critical tasks, requiring reliable and scalable environments. Although Fog computing has been on the rise as an alternative to address those challenges, we perceive a gap in the literature related to adaptability on the number of resources on both cloud and fog layers. Multiple studies suggest different Cloud-Fog architectures for IoT implementations, but not thoroughly addressing elasticity control mechanisms. In this context, this article presents ProFog as a proactive elasticity model for IoT-based Cloud-Fog architectures. ProFog uses the ARIMA prediction model to anticipate load behaviors, so triggering scaling actions as close to when they are required as possible. This strategy allows the delivery of new resources before reaching an overloaded or underloaded state, benefiting performance, and energy saving. We developed a ProFog prototype that showed an improvement of 11.21% in energy consumption in favor of ProFog. © 2021 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things

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Memoryless: A Two-phase Methodology for Setting Memory Requirements on Serverless Applications 17

Memoryless: A Two-phase Methodology for Setting Memory Requi...

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17th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies, WEBIST 2021

作者： da Rosa Righi, Rodrigo Borges, Gabriel da Costa, Cristiano André Rodrigues, Vinicius Facco Applied Computing Graduate Program Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos São Leopoldo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789897585364

Serverless computing, also known as Function as a Service, is a new paradigm that aims to separate the user of the platform from details about any infrastructure deployment. The problem lies in the fact that all the current Serverless platforms require the user to specify at least the needed memory usage for their Serverless offerings. Here we have a paradox since the users must be involved in technical issues to run their applications efficiently, both in terms of execution time and financial costs. To the best of our knowledge, the state-of-the-art lacks on providing studies regarding the best memory size for a particular application setting. In this context, this work presents Memoryless, a computational methodology that is in charge of removing the completion of memory limits by the user when launching Serverless demands. To accomplish this, we introduce in the literature a twopass algorithm composed of a microbenchmark where users inform simple application parameters (first pass) and receive from the hypervisor the memory required to run their demands. In addition to user abstraction, financial cost also drives our research, since commonly this metric is directly proportional to the selected memory size. We implemented Memoryless using NodeJS, Kubeless, and Kubernetes. The result confirms that the proposed methodology is capable of lowering the memory needs to run an application while maintaining expected execution times. This benefits both cloud administrators (who can run more Serverless demands for different users in parallel) and cloud users, who will pay less on using the cloud, so exploring better the pay-as-you-go policy. © 2021 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

关键词： Abstracting

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Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Networks for COVID-19 Classification on Chest X-Rays 10th

Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Networks for COVID-19 C...

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10th Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems, BRACIS 2021

作者： Zeiser, Felipe André Costa, Cristiano André da Ramos, Gabriel de Oliveira Bohn, Henrique Santos, Ismael Righi, Rodrigo da Rosa Graduate Program in Applied Computing Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos São Leopoldo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783030916985

Early identification of patients with COVID-19 is essential to enable adequate treatment and to reduce the burden on the health system. The gold standard for COVID-19 detection is the use of RT-PCR tests. However, due to the high demand for tests, these can take days or even weeks in some regions of Brazil. Thus, an alternative for detecting COVID-19 is the analysis of Digital Chest X-rays (XR). Changes due to COVID-19 can be detected in XR, even in asymptomatic patients. In this context, models based on deep learning have great potential to be used as support systems for diagnosis or as screening tools. In this paper, we propose the evaluation of convolutional neural networks to identify pneumonia due to COVID-19 in XR. The proposed methodology consists of a preprocessing step of the XR, data augmentation, and classification by the convolutional architectures DenseNet121, InceptionResNetV2, InceptionV3, MovileNetV2, ResNet50, and VGG16 pre-trained with the ImageNet dataset. The obtained results for our methodology demonstrate that the VGG16 architecture presented a superior performance in the classification of XR, with an Accuracy of 85.11 %, Sensitivity of 85.25 %, Specificity of 85.16 %, F1-score of 85.03 %, and an AUC of 0.9758. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： COVID-19

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Code Autocomplete Using Transformers 10th

Code Autocomplete Using Transformers

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10th Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems, BRACIS 2021

作者： Meyrer, Gabriel T. Araújo, Denis A. Rigo, Sandro J. CWI Software São Leopoldo Brazil Applied Computing Graduate Program UNISINOS São Leopoldo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783030916985

In software development, code autocomplete can be an essential tool in order to accelerate coding. However, many of these tools built into the IDEs are limited to suggesting only methods or arguments, often presenting to the user long lists of irrelevant items. Since innovations introduced by transformer-based models that have reached the state of the art performance in tasks involving natural language processing (NLP), the application of these models also in tasks involving code intelligence, such as code completion, has become a frequent object of study in recent years. In these paper, we present a transformer-based model trained on 1.2 million Java files gathered from top-starred Github repositories. Our evaluation approach was based on measuring the model’s ability to predict the completion of a line, proposing a new metric to measure the applicability of the suggestions that we consider better adapted to the practical reality of the code completion task. With a recently developed Java web project as test set, our experiments showed that in 55.9% of the test cases the model brought at least one suggestion applicable, while the best baseline model presented this in 26.5%. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Software design

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Traffic Sign Classification based on Deep Learning

Traffic Sign Classification based on Deep Learning

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IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS)

作者： Tian Hongxing Jonathan M. Caballero Alexander A. Hernandez Graduate Program and External Studies Technological University of the Philippines Manila Philippines College of Computing and Information Technologies National University Manila Philippines

In the context of 5G communication, technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and supercomputers have been further developed, and artificial intelligence technology has also become one of the hot topics at present. In recent years, the image recognition technology of artificial intelligence has been pursued by most academic enthusiasts and has been rapidly developed. With the development of computer vision, a series of target detection algorithms have emerged in recent years. This paper classifies traffic signs based on the target detection algorithm of YOLOv5 and make use of the advantages of the accuracy and real-time performance of the YOLO algorithm. To restore the real traffic scene, different shooting angles and different shooting locations are prepared as data sets. Finally, to realize the detection and recognition of traffic signs and optimize the algorithm to improve the recognition rate.

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