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Defect Recognition on Single Layer Bare Printed Circuit Boards for Quality Control and Visual Inspection: A Low-Sample-Size Deep Transfer Learning Approach

Defect Recognition on Single Layer Bare Printed Circuit Boar...

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International Conference of Signal Processing and Intelligent Systems (ICSPIS)

作者： Yolanda D. Austria Arnel C. Fajardo Graduate School Program Technological Institute of the Philippines Quezon City Philippines College of Computing Science Information and Communication Technology Isabela State University Cauayan City Isabela Philippines

Defect detection is a critical component in ensuring the highest quality of printed circuit board manufacture. The work investigates the application of transfer learning to identify YOLOv8 design flaws. The YOLOv8 model performs exceptionally well, with mean Average Precision (mAP) of 98.3%, Precision of 98.6%, and Recall of 96.0%. Numerous datasets provide high detection rates across a range of fault types following thorough testing and inference. This extensive evaluation demonstrates the robustness of the model by reliably identifying Fissure, Mousebite, EC-Short, MC-Spur, Breakout, Pinhole, and Copper defects. The study emphasizes how the YOLOv8 design can identify flaws, providing a dependable and effective way to guarantee the dependability and caliber of printed circuit boards throughout the production process. The foundation for utilizing YOLOv8 in industrial quality control is established by this study, which holds significant potential for improving defect detection and quality control in the manufacturing industry.

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Computer Vision-based Approach for Automated Recognition of Interference Patterns in Digital Inline Holography Microscopy

Computer Vision-based Approach for Automated Recognition of ...

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Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems

作者： Manoella Rockembach Rodrigo Ferraz Souza Aldo von Wangenheim Antonio Carlos Sobieranski Department of Computing – DEC Federal University of Santa Catarina Araranguá Brazil Brazilian National Institute for Digital Convergence – INCoD Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Department of Computing - DEC Graduate Program in Information and Communication Technologies - PPGTIC Federal University of Santa Catarina Araranguá Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350384727

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384734

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy (DIHM) is a lensless shadow imaging technique where a coherent light-source is utilized to illuminate samples and record interference patterns in a digitalizing device. Those patterns, called holograms, carry volumetric information regarding the inspected sample, requiring complex numerical methods to make them distinguishable as occurs in a conventional bright-field microscopic image. However, for many applications, the real-time analysis of holograms is computationally expensive due to the nature of numerical diffraction methods to reconstruct the signals into visual information. To mitigate this problem, in this paper we investigate the use of deep learning approaches to classify those interference patterns, directly from the raw holograms, without the requirement of phase-recovering methods for diffraction. In our approach, we investigated the use of distinct Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) architectures and its adaptability to correctly classify holograms in an experimental environment with a dataset generated from synthetic interference patterns produced by the Fresnel Diffraction Method. The computer-generated dataset was produced from 26 classes, resulting in a total of 520 samples after the data augmentation procedure. The obtained results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach to properly classify samples with 96.8% of precision, directly from the holographic interference patterns, avoiding the need for computationally expensive diffraction methods.

关键词： Deep learning Visualization Diffraction Microscopy Neural networks Holography Data augmentation

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Lightweight Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol for Smart Power Grid Systems Using PUF

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society

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IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 2024年 5卷 3568-3580页

作者： Zahoor, Amina Mahmood, Khalid Saleem, Muhammad Asad Badar, Hafiz Muhammad Sanaullah Le, Tuan-Vinh Das, Ashok Kumar Department of Computer Science Sahiwal57000 Pakistan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu611731 China Emerson University Multan Department of Emerging Computing Technologies Multan61000 Pakistan Fu Jen Catholic University Bachelor's Program of Artificial Intelligence and Information Security New Taipei City24206 Taiwan International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500032 India

The Smart Power Grid (SPG) is pivotal in orchestrating and managing demand response in contemporary smart cities, leveraging the prowess of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Within the immersive SPG environment, the ubiquitous deployment of smart meters stands as a testament to their paramount importance in the realm of vigilant monitoring and oversight. These smart meters are installed on high-tension electricity lines and transmit information about electricity outages and other issues to the utility center. To access services from utility centers, smart meters need to communicate securely over a public channel, even though the network itself is insecure. However, potential attacks from adversaries ( Ad) can exploit this communication. Therefore, protecting this communication is of utmost importance. Several privacy-preserving authentication protocols designed for SPG have been introduced in the literature. Nevertheless, a significant number of these protocols exhibit vulnerabilities to diverse security attacks. This article introduces a lightweight and anonymous authentication protocol specifically designed to address these concerns in the SPG environment. Our protocol ensures both security and efficiency, surpassing other comparable protocols in terms of its lightweight nature. By employing both formal and informal analysis, we showcase the robustness of our protocol against significant attacks while remaining lightweight. The proposed protocol provides added security features and incurs 23.8879% lower computation cost than related protocols. Consequently, our protocol is highly suitable for implementation in the SPG system. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Hash functions

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Quantum Wrapper Networking: Investigating the Noise Impact of Classical Headers on the Quantum Payload

Quantum Wrapper Networking: Investigating the Noise Impact o...

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2024 Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2024

作者： Gül, Gamze On, Mehmet Berkay Tan, Shannon G. Proietti, Roberto Kanter, Gregory S. Yoo, S.J. Ben Kumar, Prem Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis DavisCA95616 United States Center for Photonic Communication and Computing Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng. Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering Politecnico di Torino Italy

We study the impact in time and frequency domains of classical headers on quantum payloads in quantum wrapper networking. We identify and characterize in-fiber scattering processes that produce noise photons degrading...

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Drawing Lines for Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis

Drawing Lines for Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Ana...

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Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)

作者： Tadeu Nogueira C. Andrade George Lima Verônica Maria Cadena Lima Graduate Program in Computer Science Federal University of Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil Institute of Computing Federal University of Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil Institute of Mathematics and Statistics Federal University of Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798331540265

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540272

We describe DBL-MBPTA, a new approach for measurement-based probabilistic timing analysis (MBPTA). Unlike the usual MBPTA, which treats the time a program executes as a random variable, we consider both the number n of instructions executed in each measurement and the time $T(n)$ they took to execute. By taking tuples $(n, T(n))$, for various values of n, DBL-MBPTA allows for multiple execution path analysis. We show that $(n, T(n))$ can be bounded from below and above by two reference lines. The modeled random variable is the relative distance ($n, T(n)$) from these lines, which explains the term distance between lines (DBL) given to the approach. According to DBL-MBPTA, samples can be analyzed and improved, for which we employ deep neural networks. Once sample coverage is deemed representative, probabilistic bounds on execution time are estimated via the modeled relative distance. We evaluate our approach using both synthetic data and data collected through measurements on a multi-core platform. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of DBL-MBPTA.

关键词： Lower bound Codes Processor scheduling Bandwidth Artificial neural networks Probabilistic logic Real-time systems Timing Random variables Synthetic data

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Contract-Inspired Contest Theory for Controllable Image Generation in Mobile Edge Metaverse

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Du, Hongyang Wang, Jiacheng Niyato, Dusit Kim, Dong In College of Computing and Data Science The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

The rapid advancement of immersive technologies has propelled the development of the Metaverse, where the convergence of virtual and physical realities necessitates the generation of high-quality, photorealistic images to enhance user experience. However, generating these images, especially through Generative Diffusion Models (GDMs), in mobile edge computing environments presents significant challenges due to the limited computing resources of edge devices and the dynamic nature of wireless networks. This paper proposes a novel framework that integrates contract-inspired contest theory, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), and GDMs to optimize image generation in these resource-constrained environments. The framework addresses the critical challenges of resource allocation and semantic data transmission quality by incentivizing edge devices to efficiently transmit high-quality semantic data, which is essential for creating realistic and immersive images. The use of contest and contract theory ensures that edge devices are motivated to allocate resources effectively, while DRL dynamically adjusts to network conditions, optimizing the overall image generation process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach not only improves the quality of generated images but also achieves superior convergence speed and stability compared to traditional methods. This makes the framework particularly effective for optimizing complex resource allocation tasks in mobile edge Metaverse applications, offering enhanced performance and efficiency in creating immersive virtual environments. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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DC/AC/RF Characteristics of Multi-Channel GAA NS FETs with ML and BL MoS2

DC/AC/RF Characteristics of Multi-Channel GAA NS FETs with M...

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International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD)

作者： Yueh-Ju Chan Sekhar Reddy Kola Yiming Li Institute of Communications Engineering and Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univeristy Hsinchu Taiwan EECS International Graduate Program and Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univeristy Hsinchu Taiwan

For the first time, we examine the performance of gate-all-around nanosheet field effect transistor (GAA NS FET) with both monolayer (ML) and bilayer (BL) molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ). As compared to the control sample of silicon (Si), MoS 2 devices exhibit reduced short-channel effects (SCE) owing to its larger band gap and larger effective mass. The GAA NS FET with BL MoS 2 possesses moderate energy bandgap and large channel thickness which exhibits superior on state current and voltage gain.

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Learning Adaptation and Generalization from Human-Inspired Meta-Reinforcement Learning Using Bayesian Knowledge and Analysis 6

Learning Adaptation and Generalization from Human-Inspired M...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Engineering, AIKE 2023

作者： Ho, Joshua Wang, Chien-Min King, Chung-Ta You, Yi-Hsin Feng, Chi-Wei Chen, Yen-Min Kuo, Bo-Yi Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Taiwan Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Taiwan University Taipei10631 Taiwan Center of Intelligent Healthcare National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei10022 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331288

Over the last decades, there has been growing interest in research in multiple and interdisciplinary fields of human-AI computing. In particular, approaches integrating the intersecting design with reinforcement learning (RL) have received more attention. However, the current research on RL may need to consider its enhancement from a humaninspired approach further. In the present work, we focus on enabling a meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) agent to achieve adaptation and generalization according to modeling Markov decision processes using Bayesian knowledge and analysis. By introducing a novel framework called human-inspired meta-RL (HMRL), we incorporate the agent performing resilient actions to leverage the dynamic dense reward based on the knowledge and prediction of a Bayesian analysis. The proposed framework can make the agent learn generalization and prevent the agent from failing catastrophically. The experimental results show that our approach helps the agent reduce computational costs with learning adaptation. Finally, we conclude and anticipate that integrating human-inspired meta-RL can enable learning more formulations relating to robustness and scalability, leading to promising directions and more complex AI goals in the future. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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GPU Acceleration of MIP Intra Prediction in VVC

GPU Acceleration of MIP Intra Prediction in VVC

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European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

作者： Iago Storch Nuno Roma Daniel Palomino Sergio Bampi Graduate Program in Computing Institute of Informatics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Investigação e Desenvolvimento (INESC-ID) Lisboa Portugal Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Federal University of Pelotas Graduate Program in Computing Video Technology Research Group Pelotas Brazil

The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard introduced several novel encoding tools for intra frame prediction, increasing the encoder complexity when compared to previous standards. Among these novelties is the MIP tool, whose acceleration has not been tackled in the literature. Therefore, an efficient parallelization of MIP prediction targeting GPU platforms is now proposed. The presented technique makes use of alternative reference samples and computes the distortion in an approximate manner to expose and potentiate massive parallelism. Moreover, the adopted prediction scheduling and memory communication were tailored by considering the GPUs' architecture and memory hierarchy. When compared with a CPU execution, this work is capable to accelerate the MIP prediction up to 105 times at the cost of a negligible coding efficiency loss of 0.284 % BD-BR.

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Training beyond the classroom: Case Study of the Impact of a Undergraduate Teaching Assistantship program

Training beyond the classroom: Case Study of the Impact of a...

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2022 IEEE IFEES World Engineering Education Forum - Global Engineering Deans Council, WEEF-GEDC 2022

作者： Gurganus, Jamie Blorstad, Richard Headley, Makayla Engineering and Computing Education Program and Mechanical Engineering and Graduate School University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States Chemical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475280

In an effort to continue to help provide various and thriving experiences to engineering undergraduates and help increase retention, a mid-size university uses a high impact practice of using peer teachers in the classroom. It is a standard practice to use graduate teaching assistants in most areas of higher education, especially in engineering classes, discussions, labs or just to hold office hours and grade. However, an increasing number of universities have adopted and leveraged undergraduate teaching assistants as it demonstrates to effectively improve students' grades, retention, student self-efficacy, and provide some financial relief to academic institutions [1]. The impact of using peer teachers is especially evident in the first and second years in engineering. Students who participate in the role are third year or above demonstrate expertise, leadership, and an interest in teaching as part of their development. At a mid-size minority serving institution, an undergraduate teaching assistant (termed as teaching fellow) was developed informally in 2005 in the mechanical and chemical engineering department and expanded in 2017 to the entire College of Engineering and Informational Technology. In this case study, alumni and current teaching fellows were interviewed to assess the impact of their experiences and how it influenced their educational experience in their major and current career. Several themes were discovered to include increased professional and personal skill sets, self-efficacy in engineering, motivation to participate in the program, impact on career, creation of community and improvements needed to the program. A few teaching fellows decided to continue to be a p12 teacher. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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