The four dye fluorescence detection strategy is a widely used approach to automated DNA sequence analysis. An important aspect of data processing in this approach is the multicomponent analysis to deduce the concentra...
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The four dye fluorescence detection strategy is a widely used approach to automated DNA sequence analysis. An important aspect of data processing in this approach is the multicomponent analysis to deduce the concentrations of four fluorophores from fluorescence emission intensities at four different wavelengths. This requires knowledge of the correct transformation matrix M. The matrix M is a function both of the fluorophores employed and the fluorescence detection system. M is typically determined either by a calibration process with individual dyes, or by choosing four well-separated individual peaks corresponding to the four different dyes. Both are time-consuming and complicated procedures for routine use. An automatic scheme for finding M directly from raw sequence data is presented here. This facilitates data analysis and the underlying algorithm may also find utility in other multispectral applications.
作者：
FAIRHEAD, DLHALL, CCSince graduating from Cleveland State University in 1965 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics
he has worked for the Navy at Annapolis participating in several different automation efforts ranging from design aids to surface ship bridge control. Mr. Fairhead has completed graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Maryland has a certificate in Computer Programming holds a patent and is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). Upon graduation from Morgan State in 1962
Mr. Hall was employed as a physicist at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis until 1994. During that time period he served as program technical manager for propulsion technology and as senior project scientist for several automation projects including the Automated Ships Bridge project. Mr. Hall also served as a member of the initial Technical Director's Technology Application Team and of the Autonomic Ship Innovation Center Team. Mr. Hall is a member of the American Institute of Physics and Sigma Pi Sigma (National Physics Honor Society).
A growing concern about the shrinking size of the U.S. Navy budget and the pool from which selections will be made to ''man'' U. S. Navy shipboard systems has led to investigations on achieving improve...
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A growing concern about the shrinking size of the U.S. Navy budget and the pool from which selections will be made to ''man'' U. S. Navy shipboard systems has led to investigations on achieving improvements in affordability and operational effectiveness. One such investigation has resulted in the development of the Standard Monitoring and Control System (SMCS), a modular, open architecture control system which includes the control system components for propulsion, electric plant, auxiliaries, and damage control. The first major technology upgrade to SMCS will entail the insertion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies into HM&E monitoring and control applications. The Intelligent Machinery Control Integration Task (IMCI) was established to provide a structural approach for this major technology upgrade. As part of the first phase of IMCI, an identification of intelligent control requirements, an assessment of AI technologies, and a survey of intelligent control applications were performed. This paper lists those HM&E-related shipboard operational requirements from which intelligent machinery control requirements will be identified. Also, there is an initial assessment of AI-related reasoning and the following AI technologies, knowledge-based systems, fuzzy logic, neural nets, and genetic algorithms. The survey provided some insight into applying AI technologies to SMCS shipboard operational requirements.
There are numerous materials and techniques for the fabrication of optical waveguides and opto-electronic circuits, however all structures require knowledge of the guiding properties for the realization of practical d...
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There are numerous materials and techniques for the fabrication of optical waveguides and opto-electronic circuits, however all structures require knowledge of the guiding properties for the realization of practical devices. We have studied in detail the guiding properties of the planar thin film waveguide, from the most basic, three-layer structure to multilayer waveguides. In sections II and III we describe general formulas for the field distributions, the eigenvalue equations from which the propagation constant can be found, and the generalized dispersion properties, which tell us the variation in effective index with respect to any physical parameter upon which the refractive index or thickness of any layer may depend.
The optical waveguide lens is an important and basic component in many integrated optical devices, performing such functions as focussing and collimating, Fourier transformation and optical signal processing. For many...
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The optical waveguide lens is an important and basic component in many integrated optical devices, performing such functions as focussing and collimating, Fourier transformation and optical signal processing. For many applications of the optical waveguide lens, diffraction-limited performance is required. Such a stringent focussing criterion necessitates careful control of the design parameters and fabrication procedure, as well as the in situ variables which may affect the lens performance. The design and performance of geodesic lenses and grating lenses have been treated in the past. However, for the mode-index lens, among which the Luneburg lens' shown in Fig. 1, is perhaps the most common, no complete examination of the fabrication tolerances has been made.
In a previous paper, we presented general eigenvalue equations for both transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) modes in multilayer slab waveguides. Here, those formulas are applied to symmetric periodic...
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In a previous paper, we presented general eigenvalue equations for both transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) modes in multilayer slab waveguides. Here, those formulas are applied to symmetric periodic stratified media. The results obtained are compared with those of Yeh et al, which were obtained by using matrix method. The eigenvalue equations for even and odd-modes are also obtained.
In this paper, the local point interpolation method (LPIM) is used with a modified visibility criterion to handle material discontinuities. In general, visibility criterion is applied only to shape function generation...
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