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30th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2023

作者： Lopes, Rodrigo Antonietti, Leonardo Rosa, Morgana M. A. Costa, Eduardo Soares, Rafael Bampi, Sergio Graduate Program on Computing Pelotas Brazil Graduate Program on Electronic Engineering and Computing Pelotas Brazil PPGC & PGMICRO - Informatics Institute Porto Alegre Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326499

Addition units are present across many computational kernels inherent in various error-tolerant applications, including machine learning, signal, image, and video processing. Notably, adder compressors are the target when high speed and low power are the main design concerns. This work introduces energy-efficient structures of 3-2 approximate adder compressors (Ax3-2) and three distinct versions of 4-2 approximate adder compressors (Ax4-2). We compared our proposed Ax3-2 and Ax4-2 compressors with state-of-the-art energy-efficient approximate adder compressors (AxACs). Both Ax3-2 and Ax4-2 models passed through rigorous tests as standalone units. Furthermore, we integrated the Ax4-2 models into an essential application kernel appearing in video coding, i.e., the Sum Squared Differences (SSD) video accelerator. We introduce Ax3-2 and Ax4-2 that yield a new Pareto front concerning both energy-quality and area-quality trade-offs, thereby demonstrating a marked improvement over the prevailing state-of-the-art energy-efficient AxACs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Adders

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Enhancing dynamic ensemble selection: combining self-generating prototypes and meta-classifier for data classification

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Neural computing and Applications 2024年第32期36卷 20295-20320页

作者： Manastarla, Alberto Silva, Leandro A. Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computing Mackenzie Presbyterian University R. da Consolação 930 - Consolação SP Sao Paulo01302-907 Brazil Computing and Informatics Faculty and Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computing Mackenzie Presbyterian University R. da Consolação 930 - Consolação SP Sao Paulo01302-907 Brazil

In dynamic ensemble selection (DES) techniques, the competence level of each classifier is estimated from a pool of classifiers, and only the most competent ones are selected to classify a specific test sample and predict its class labels. A significant challenge in DES is efficiently estimating classifier competence for accurate prediction, especially when these techniques employ the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm to define the competence region of a test sample based on a validation set (known as the dynamic selection dataset or DSEL). This challenge is exacerbated when the DSEL does not accurately reflect the original data distribution or contains noisy data. Such conditions can reduce the precision of the system, induce unexpected behaviors, and compromise stability. To address these issues, this paper introduces the self-generating prototype ensemble selection (***) framework, which combines meta-learning with prototype selection. The proposed meta-classifier of *** supports multiple classification algorithms and utilizes meta-features from prototypes derived from the original training set, enhancing the selection of the best classifiers for a test sample. The method improves the efficiency of KNN in defining competence regions by generating a reduced and noise-free DSEL set that preserves the original data distribution. Furthermore, the *** framework facilitates tailored optimization for specific classification challenges through the use of hyperparameters that control prototype selection and the meta-classifier operation mode to select the most appropriate classification algorithm for dynamic selection. Empirical evaluations of twenty-four classification problems have demonstrated that *** outperforms state-of-the-art DES methods as well as traditional single-model and ensemble methods in terms of accuracy, confirming its effectiveness across a wide range of classification contexts. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Ver

关键词： Nearest neighbor search

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Evaluation of an agent-based reinforcement learning framework for model-based testing 7

Evaluation of an agent-based reinforcement learning framewor...

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7th International Congress on Ambient Intelligence, Software Engineering, and e-Health and Mobile Health, AmITIC 2024

作者： Ramírez-Méndez, Jose Quesada-López, Christian University of Costa Rica Graduate Program in Computing and Informatics San Pedro Costa Rica University of Costa Rica Department of Computer Science and Informatics San Pedro Costa Rica

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364538

This study evaluates an agent-based reinforcement learning framework for model-based testing (MBT). The framework's performance was assessed on three key metrics: effectiveness and efficiency in achieving model coverage objectives, the quantity and uniqueness of generated test cases, and code coverage. The results show improved metrics for the framework compared to traditional testers in model coverage evaluation and test case metrics. Specifically, the framework achieved higher effectiveness and efficiency, generating a higher average number of test cases with a substantial proportion of unique cases, indicating more diverse and thorough testing. Additionally, the framework, along with random and greedy testers, achieved over 70% coverage across branch, method, and line code metrics. The framework showed slightly higher values in method and line coverage compared to other testers. The evaluation highlights the use of agent-based reinforcement learning to support model-based testing in planning test case generation, exploring models using multiple strategies, and learning guided by testing metrics. Future work will focus on further refining the framework learning model, including error coverage evaluation, and testing its applicability across different software systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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GPU Acceleration of MIP Intra Prediction in VVC 31

GPU Acceleration of MIP Intra Prediction in VVC

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31st European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2023

作者： Storch, Iago Roma, Nuno Palomino, Daniel Bampi, Sergio Graduate Program in Computing Institute of Informatics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Lisboa Portugal Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Federal University of Pelotas Graduate Program in Computing Video Technology Research Group Pelotas Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789464593600

The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard introduced several novel encoding tools for intra frame prediction, increasing the encoder complexity when compared to previous standards. Among these novelties is the MIP tool, whose acceleration has not been tackled in the literature. Therefore, an efficient parallelization of MIP prediction targeting GPU platforms is now proposed. The presented technique makes use of alternative reference samples and computes the distortion in an approximate manner to expose and potentiate massive parallelism. Moreover, the adopted prediction scheduling and memory communication were tailored by considering the GPUs' architecture and memory hierarchy. When compared with a CPU execution, this work is capable to accelerate the MIP prediction up to 105 times at the cost of a negligible coding efficiency loss of 0.284% BD-BR. © 2023 European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Fine Tuning Swin Transformer Based Pretrained Model for Microscopic Fungi Images Classification 11

Fine Tuning Swin Transformer Based Pretrained Model for Micr...

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11th International Conference on Computer, Control, informatics and its Applications, IC3INA 2024

作者： Anggara, Muchamad Galih Hindasyah, Ahmad Amda, Julfa Muhammad Waskita, A.A. Graduate Program of Informatics Engineering Universitas Pamulang Pamulang Indonesia Research Center for Computing National Research and Innovation Agency Cibinong Indonesia Research Center for Data and Information Sciences National Research and Innovation Agency Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542313

Accurate image classification of microscopic pathogenic fungi is a challenge in the field of mycology. This study proposes a Swin Transformer-based approach to automate the identification process. The Swin Transformer model, known for its ability to capture complex spatial interactions, is adapted from ImageNet’s pre-trained model. The adaptation process is focused on fine-tuning the final classification layer to match the 5 classes of fungi present in the dataset. This classification layer is replaced by a new fully-connected layer that has the number of output according to the number of fungal classes. The weights on these layers are randomly initialized and trained in conjunction with several final convolutional layers. In addition, regularization techniques such as dropouts are applied to prevent overfitting. Adaptation using 5-fold cross-validation was carried out to find the best fold with hyperparameters including AdamW optimizer with a learning rate of 10−3, StepLR scheduler, batch size of 128 images, and a total of 9 epochs / iterations. After that, fine-tuning is carried out on the best fold with hyperparameters including AdamW optimizer with a learning rate of 10−5, StepLR scheduler, batch size of 32 images, and a total of 100 epochs / iterations. The final result showed excellent performance, with accuracy, precision, recall and an average F1-score of 95%. These results show the potential of the Swin Transformer in becoming an effective tool for mycologists. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Multi-task Learning Graph Neural Networks for Cancer Prognosis Prediction with Genomic Data 46

Multi-task Learning Graph Neural Networks for Cancer Prognos...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Lin, Tsung-Wei Arriagada, Sofia Ormazabal Lin, Che Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program AIoT Ntu Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Ntu Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine Ntu Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program Ntu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Providing robust prognosis predictions for cancers with limited data samples remains a challenge for precision oncology. In this study, we propose a novel approach that combines multi-task learning (MTL) and graph neural networks (GNNs) to address this issue. By representing gene-gene interactions as a graph network, our approach leverages multi-task learning to effectively capture the relationships of genes relevant to the oncogenesis and progression of breast, lung, and colon cancer. We demonstrate that our approach improves the cancer prognosis prediction for cancers with fewer samples, such as colon adenocarcinoma, by leveraging the shared gene-gene interactions across different cancer types, obtaining increases in the area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 24%. Our work contributes to the field of smart healthcare by demonstrating the potential of MTL and GNNs for enhancing cancer prognosis prediction, even with limited data samples. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Acceptance Analysis of IWB Systems in Education using UTAUT2 Model: The Moderating Role of Perceived Technological Innovations

Acceptance Analysis of IWB Systems in Education using UTAUT2...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems, I2CACIS 2023

作者： De Jesus, Noelyn Castro, Eltimar T. Buyan, Cory Antonio Batangas State University College of Informatics & Computing Sciences Batangas Philippines Technological Institute of the Philippines Graduate Program Department Manila Philippines Ballard Power Systems Business Technology Burnaby Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321302

Interactive Whiteboard (IWB) Systems are increasingly being used to replace traditional whiteboards in educational activities, making them more efficient and interesting for both teachers and students. However, no studies have been conducted to investigate how age, educational level, and employment status can impact the adoption and usage of IWB systems in the educational setting. The study aims to analyze the acceptance and the influencing factors on faculty members' intention and usage behavior towards IWB systems in teaching, utilizing the Modified-Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model. 135 faculty members from various colleges and departments across Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus were surveyed and data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS software for hypotheses testing. The results of the study indicate that faculty members' behavioral intention to use interactive whiteboard systems in teaching is positively influenced by performance expectancy and social influence. Moreover, facilitating conditions and habit positively impact usage behavior. This study, therefore, concludes that there is significant roles of performance expectancy and social influence as well as the moderating effect of age on the behavioral intention to use interactive whiteboard (IWB) systems in education. Furthermore, the study confirms that effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, and status as moderating variables significantly influence faculty members' usage behavior when using IWB systems in teaching. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Strengthening the Security of Deniable Authentication Scheme Using Zero-Knowledge Proof 11

Strengthening the Security of Deniable Authentication Scheme...

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11th International Conference on Communication and Network Security, ICCNS 2021

作者： Moesriami Barmawi, Ari Rizal Nurjaman, Asep Informatics Graduate Program School of Computing Telkom University Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450386425

In an electronic voting system, authentication is used to ensure that the voter is legitimate without knowing his/her identity, while the vote collectors verify the data is received from a legitimate user without knowing the identity of the voter. One of the authentication schemes that fulfilled this requirement is called a deniable authentication scheme, where the receiver can prove the source of the message while another party cannot identify the source of the message. In 2013, Li-Takagi et al. proposed a deniable authentication scheme. However, Li-Takagi's scheme has weaknesses if the receiver fully cooperates with the third party. In this case, the third party can identify the source of a given message. In the proposed method, zero-knowledge proof is introduced to preserve the anonymity of the deniable authentication scheme when the receiver fully cooperates with the third party. Based on the analysis, the proposed scheme fulfills the requirement of the deniable authentication scheme when the receiver fully cooperates with the third party. However, the proposed scheme has additional computation costs for securing the shared secret key. Two attack schemes that are carried out on both Li-Takagi and the proposed scheme are the MITM attack and the impersonation attack. The probability of breaking the proposed scheme using an MITM attack is lower than when using Li-Takagi's scheme, but the probability of breaking the proposed scheme using an impersonation attack is the same as Li-Takagi's scheme. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Authentication

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Evaluation of an agent-based reinforcement learning framework for model-based testing

Evaluation of an agent-based reinforcement learning framewor...

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Inteligencia Ambiental, Ingeniería de Software y Salud Electrónica y Móvil (AmITIC), V Congreso Internacional en

作者： Jose Ramírez-Méndez Christian Quesada-López Graduate Program in Computing and Informatics University of Costa Rica San Pedro Costa Rica Department of Computer Science and Informatics University of Costa Rica San Pedro Costa Rica

ISBN: (数字)9798350364538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364545

This study evaluates an agent-based reinforcement learning framework for model-based testing (MBT). The framework’s performance was assessed on three key metrics: effectiveness and efficiency in achieving model coverage objectives, the quantity and uniqueness of generated test cases, and code coverage. The results show improved metrics for the framework compared to traditional testers in model coverage evaluation and test case metrics. Specifically, the framework achieved higher effectiveness and efficiency, generating a higher average number of test cases with a substantial proportion of unique cases, indicating more diverse and thorough testing. Additionally, the framework, along with random and greedy testers, achieved over 70% coverage across branch, method, and line code metrics. The framework showed slightly higher values in method and line coverage compared to other testers. The evaluation highlights the use of agent-based reinforcement learning to support model-based testing in planning test case generation, exploring models using multiple strategies, and learning guided by testing metrics. Future work will focus on further refining the framework learning model, including error coverage evaluation, and testing its applicability across different software systems.

关键词： Measurement Software testing Codes Calculators Refining Reinforcement learning Software systems Planning Testing

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A Machine Learning Approach for the Identification of Learners' Misconceptions in Algebraic Problem-Solving

A Machine Learning Approach for the Identification of Learne...

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International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： Joice Cazanoski Gomes Patricia A. Jaques Graduate Program in Informatics (PPGInf) Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil Graduate Program in Computing (PPGC) Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL) Pelotas Brazil

Misconceptions play a significant role in the learning process as they reflect an inaccurate understanding of a particular concept. Error diagnosis can help teachers and intelligent learning environments determine the most appropriate type of student assistance. Previously, misconceptions were identified using rule-based expert systems (bug libraries) and clustering algorithms. Bug libraries demand extensive work from developers to identify all potential misconceptions and code rules for each one in advance. Additionally, these solutions cannot detect misconceptions for which rules were not explicitly programmed. Clustering-based solutions overcome these drawbacks by automatically identifying misconceptions based on students' most common errors. To effectively and efficiently identify misconceptions, clustering solutions must have a suitable representation of the problem and its steps, and employ machine learning algorithms capable of discerning patterns from them. This paper proposes a solution that utilizes expression trees to represent algebraic problem-solving steps and the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm to identify misconceptions by clustering similar errors in a database containing 1064 steps from 112 students. This database was collected from an intelligent learning system designed to assist in solving first-degree equations. In our final solution, a Natural Language Processing tokenizer was employed to represent each term numerically, which identified 178 homogeneous clusters with minimal noise and few outliers.

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