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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： O'Connor, Kevin Amos, Daniel Bailey, Tori Garrison, Lari Lichtenstein, Gary Loshbaugh, Heidi Jones, Marcus Seward, Derek Perhamus, Lisa Stevens, Reed University of Rochester United States Department of Human Development University of Rochester's Warner Graduate School of Education and Human Development United States University of Washington United States Chinese Studies Program Clark Atlanta University United States Department of Educational Psychology University of Washington United States Stanford University United States Center for Design Research Mechanical Engineering Department Stanford University United States Department of Engineering Stanford University United States Colorado School of Mines United States Center for the Advancement of Engineering Education Colorado School of Mines United States CSM's Center for Engineering Education Howard University United States Center for Advancement of Engineering Education Department of Counseling and Human Development University of Rochester's Warner Graduate School of Education and Human Development United States Department of Teaching and Curriculum University of Rochester's Warner Graduate School of Education and Human Development United States College of Education University of Washington United States

Recent educational theory emphasizes the importance of considering identity processes in studying learning and development. In engineering education, identity has been cited as central in student development, for example, as a key factor in retention of students in the discipline, in particular with regard to underrepresented groups. This paper adopts a social theory of identity to examine how dynamics of "sponsorship" relates to students' decisions of whether to remain in or switch out of engineering. This paper draws on longitudinal case studies of two students to examine the relationship between students' interests and their decisions to persist in or leave their major. We argue that students' interests become differentially identified as "intrinsic" or "extrinsic" to engineering through the work of powerful sponsors within the discipline. We argue further that a view of identity as socially produced is necessary in order to avoid taking for granted crucial aspects of disciplinary practices of identifying engineers, and in particular ways in which certain kinds of interests might be sponsored over and above others. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： Engineering education

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Visualizing architectural theory: A case-study on digital representation

Visualizing architectural theory: A case-study on digital re...

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11th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural design Research in Asia 2006, CAADRIA 2006

作者： Kos, Jose R. Barki, Jose PROURB - Post-Graduate Program of Urban Design Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

This paper aims to analyze interactive multimedia and visualization techniques for architectural theory publications. Unfortunately, the available literature about multimedia, visualization, hypertext and related systems in this area is not consistent. The paper reviews the features of a research project outcome, which investigates an iconic building of the late 1930's in Brazil. It examines the differences and similarities between a hypertext/multimedia system - a CD-ROM - with a comparable non-hypertext or non-computer product - a book - that deals with a specific subject: Architectural Theory.

关键词： CD-ROM

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designing middleware system for media contents

Designing middleware system for media contents

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2006 IEEE International Conference on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems, VECIMS 2006

作者： Yamauchi, Takuya Media Design Program Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio University SFC 5322 Endo Fujisawa 252-8520 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)1424402433

This paper attempts to consider future networks especially ad-hoc and wearable ones for media contents and game development. The study examined the consideration and the implementation of multi-agent system to support commercial or open source software for sound generating and computer graphics in Personal Area Network (PAN). The multi-agent system maintains context information of sensors and users, and provides the event for contents application. In order to consider sensor network and gl obal network, the ad-hoc network and peer-to-peer network are expected to use for organizing PAN. To implement the service on PAN, the widget integration framewor k (WIF), ontology and UML based context modeling approaches are considered and reported. [1] On the other hand, we consider the web service and possibility of future media co ntents in PAN. The research on wireless communication expects that next generation network consists of information appliances, sensors and wireless devices in PAN. Wearable computing has been researched for taking location and body information from small computers, and the efficient design of mobile HCI is emerging. Many papers report th ese technologies will be used for media art contents and game development. The digital contents will use these sensor s and mobile device in PAN. When the players join the game space with wearable computer in PAN, the mobile agent establishes the self-organized network in heterogeneou s devices. In this paper, we consider the novel framework for media contents by hybrid ambient network. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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Revision of freshman engineering graphics to support an evolving core design sequence

Revision of freshman engineering graphics to support an evol...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Nastasi, John Sheppard, Keith Chassapis, Constantin Stevens Institute of Technology United States Product-Architecture Lab. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Product Design Architecture and Engineering Department of Materials Engineering Executive Committee Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology United States

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Strategies for integrating service-learning into the engineering core at the university of Massachusetts Lowell and the Massachusetts institute of technology

Strategies for integrating service-learning into the enginee...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Banzaert, Amy Duffy, John Wallace, David Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States MIT's Mechanical Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Lowell United States Mechanical Engineering Department Solar Engineering Graduate Program Center for Sustainable Energy University of Massachusetts Lowell United States Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT United States MIT Computer-aided Design Laboratory

While the pedagogy of Service-Learning (S-L) has been applied beneficially in a variety of disciplines, only recently have engineering departments begun to adopt the practice of integrating academically-relevant community service projects into classes and, in doing so, it is most common to offer service-oriented projects in elective classes. However, the University of Massachusetts Lowell and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have independently begun to develop S-L programs in engineering fields that work specifically to use the pedagogy in the core curriculum of the discipline. While the two universities and educational programs are distinct, the approach to S-L has been reasonably similar, and faculty and staff from each school have used common tools and methods to assess certain aspects of the integration from student and faculty perspectives. From surveys used at both of the schools (almost 760 pre-surveys and 680 post-surveys administered in the 04-05 academic year), a key finding was that student opinion changed significantly regarding the relationship between engineering and societal problems;students developed the belief that engineers should apply their skills to solve social problems. Additionally, both institutions surveyed the engineering faculty about their attitudes toward S-L and found the majority of faculty showed considerable interest in the concept. Overall, these findings show promise for integrating S-L into core engineering curriculums. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： Learning systems

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Retention of suspended sediment and phosphorus on a freshwater delta, South Lake Tahoe, California

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Wetlands Ecology and Management 2006年第4期14卷 287-302页

作者： Stubblefield, Andrew P. Escobar, Marisa I. Larsen, Eric W. Department of Geology University of California Davis CA United States Department of Geological Sciences Case Western Reserve University A.W. Smith Bldg. Cleveland OH 44106 10900 Euclid Avenue United States Hydrologic Sciences Graduate Program University of California Davis CA United States Department of Environmental Design University of California Davis CA United States

The Upper Truckee River and Trout Creek, two major tributaries inflowing to Lake Tahoe, join to form what was historically the largest wetland in the Sierra Nevada mountain range that separates California and Nevada (USA). In the 1950s the delta floodplain of the Upper Truckee River was greatly reduced in area (38%) by urban development and the diversion of the river into a single excavated channel. Conversely, Trout Creek still flows through a wide marsh system with significant overbank flooding before entering Lake Tahoe. This study hypothesized that river channel reaches that are not incised within the delta floodplain retain more sediment and nutrients as a result of greater floodplain connectivity, compared to more incised and excavated reaches. Suspended sediment (SS) and total phosphorus (TP) load data from the delta formed by the Upper Truckee River and Trout Creek were collected using flow stage sensors, turbidometers and depth-integrated samples. During the spring snowmelt flow events monitored in 2003, SS load was reduced by 13-41% for the Upper Truckee River and by 68-90% for Trout Creek. Similar reductions in TP load were observed: 13-32% for the Upper Truckee River and 61-84% for Trout Creek. Monitoring of Trout Creek indicated a reduction in load per unit volume of 20-34% in a moderately incised reach versus a reduction of 51-77% in a non-incised marsh reach containing lagoons, braided channels and backwater areas created by a beaver dam. Smaller particle sizes, <10 μm, were retained in the lower marsh reach with similar efficiencies as larger particle sizes. If retention rates from the Trout Creek portion of the marsh are applied to the Upper Truckee River, sediment loading to Lake Tahoe for 2003 would have been reduced by 917 tons of SS. © Springer 2006.

关键词： Canalization Channelization Hydrologic-connectivity Lake Tahoe Marsh Phosphorus Suspended sediment Turbidity Water quality Wetland

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Planning methodology for predicting spatial patterns of risk potential from industrial land uses

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Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2006年第6期49卷 829-847页

作者： Nixon, Hilary Lejano, Raul P. Funderburg, Richard G. Department of Planning Policy and Design University of California Irvine CA United States Graduate Program in Urban and Regional Planning The University of Iowa Iowa City IA United States

The nature of environmental risk is often determined by the location patterns of industrial firms in a locale. We develop a methodology for analyzing the capacity of toxics-generating industries to leave toxic residuals on the landscape, in the context of long-term master planning. To understand an area's risk profile, we first characterize the location pattern of risk-generating firms and develop ways to represent the risk potentials of these shapes. To this end, we develop a geometric approach for characterizing the spatial patterns of these clusters of dirty industries, using new measures for analyzing spatial densities and compactness. We then introduce context (i.e. actual zoning patterns, transportation corridors) and explain how this relates to the spatial patterns found. We illustrate this analytical method with application to Orange County, California, USA and point out how it affords a deeper understanding of the connections between industry and environmental risk. We end the article with a discussion of how these analytical methods might be used for land use planning.

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A genetic algorithm for the optimization of cable routing

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Systems and Computers in Japan 2006年第7期37卷 61-71页

作者： Ma, Xuan Iida, Kazuhiro Xie, Mengchun Nishino, Junji Odaka, Tomohiro Ogura, Hisakazu Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui City 910-8507 Japan Wakayama National College of Technology Gobo City 644-0023 Japan Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering Xi an University of Technology B Techno College Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wakayama National College of Technology Information Processing Society of Japan China Mechanical Design Society Department of Systems Engineering University of Electro-Communications Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics Japanese Academy of Facial Studies Japan Society of Kansei Engineering Graduate Program of Nuclear Power and Energy Safety Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Fukui University IEEE CS ACM IPSJ IEICE JSMBET Department of Human and Artificial Intelligent Systems JSAI Japan SOFT IEEE

In this paper the authors propose a structural method for a genetic algorithm (GA) for the optimization problem of cable routing in which cables have to be laid optimally. When there are no limits on the layout routes, the optimal routes for the individual cables can be found using the Dijkstra method in a finite discrete graph. However, when there are limits on the capacity in the layout routes, optimization cannot be performed using the Dijkstra method. The proposed GA is a two-level hierarchical GA that uses chromosome coding involving two levels. The routes for each cable and the combinations of cable routes are defined respectively, and layout route selection is optimized overall through genetic operations involving these levels. Block crossover and block mutation are used as genetic operations in the first level. In addition, a method to take advantage of lethal genes, which do not satisfy the constraints and are generated in the second level is used. Computer simulations confirm that the two-level hierarchical GA with these genetic operations functions effectively for the optimization problem of cable routing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Electric cable laying

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The interplay of public and private spaces in internet access

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Information Communication and Society 2006年第5期9卷 633-656页

作者： Viseu, Ana Clement, Andrew Aspinall, Jane Kennedy, Tracy L. M. Department of Science and Technology Studies Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Department of Science and Technology Studies Cornell University 311 Rockefeller Hall Ithaca NY 14853 United States Faculty of Information Studies University of Toronto Information Policy Research Program Toronto Ont. Canada Collaborative Graduate Program in Knowledge Media Design Canada Information Policy Research Program Faculty of Information Studies University of Toronto Toronto Ont. M5S 3G6 140 St George St Canada Graduate Department of Sociology University of Toronto St. Catherine's Ont. M5S 2J4 725 Spadina Avenue Canada

The creation of public internet access facilities is one of the principal policy instruments adopted by governments in addressing 'digital divide' issues. The lack of plans for ongoing funding, in North America at least, suggests that this mode is regarded mainly as transitional, with private, home-based access being perceived as superior. The assumption apparently is that as domestic internet penetration rates rise, public access facilities will no longer be needed. Central to this issue are the varied characteristics of publicly provided and privately owned access sites and their implications for non-employment internet activities. What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of these two access modes? More fundamentally, how do people conceptualize public and private spaces and how does this perception influence their online activities? Finally, why do people choose one over the other, and how do they navigate between the two? This article attempts to answer these questions by drawing on data generated within the Everyday Internet Project, a 'neighborhood ethnography' of internet usage. It argues that the conventional view of private and public access facilities as immiscible, fixed alternatives is inadequate. Rather than 'pure' types, they are better understood as offering hybrid spaces whose identity and character are fluid, perceived differently by individuals in light of the activities being performed, life experiences, infrastructure and architecture. The picture emerging from our study is one where public and private access modes intertwine with each other in a variety of ways, their combination offering significant additional value for many users. From a public policy perspective, these findings suggest that if universal access is to be achieved, there is a continuing need for publicly supported broad-spectrum facilities with integrated technical support and learning opportunities, even if domestic penetration rates approach that of the telephone. ©

关键词： Digital divides Internet access and use Internet policy Neighborhood ethnography Spatial hybridity

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Gismo: An application for agent-based composition

Gismo: An application for agent-based composition

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International Computer Music Conference, ICMC 2005

作者： Uozumi, Yuta Cyber Sound Project Media Design Program Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio University SFC Japan

This paper presents an approach to new method for music composition. Traditional Western music is based on priori system. In contrast, complex systems and multi agent systems give a new perspective of linking dynamic composition with bottom-up process. "Gismo" is an application which uses multi agent system. It realizes Dynamic Composition by interactions between agents. In the style of traditional Western music, composers had to design all musical factors. But with Gismo, composers only have to design basic components as agents. Agents generate structure of music in interaction of Gismo framework. The demo movies, including all reference movies in section 3, are available on the Web. (http://***/gismo/icmc/) Please reffer to them for agents' behaviors and sounds.

关键词： Music

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