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17th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, ACCV 2024

作者： Viriyasaranon, Thanaporn Ma, Serie Choi, Jang-Hwan Department of Computational Medicine Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Artificial Intelligence Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9789819609000

The precise detection of cephalometric landmarks on two-dimensional (2D) radiographs or three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images is a fundamental step in various medical fields, especially in research on orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. Deep learning-based detectors have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in 2D cephalometric analysis, whereas conventional single-view approaches are limited by their reliance on information from a single perspective. This study proposes GeoRefineNet, a novel multistage framework that leverages information from multiple CT scans acquired at various angles. By incorporating geometric knowledge through a 3D heatmap reconstruction process, GeoRefineNet improves robustness, accuracy, and adaptability to various cephalometric configurations. The proposed framework predicts 3D landmark positions on CT images, effectively addressing challenges associated with high-dimensional input data and limited training examples. GeoRefineNet surpasses the existing state-of-the-art models in the 2D and 3D domains, as demonstrated by its superior performance on numerical and clinical datasets. These findings indicate that GeoRefineNet offers a promising avenue for improving the accuracy and reliability of cephalometric landmark detection fostering further advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Our code is available at https://***/Thanaporn09/***. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Computerized tomography

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Fuzzy Logic for Assessing the Health of a Corn Crop within Family Farming

Fuzzy Logic for Assessing the Health of a Corn Crop within F...

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2024 IEEE Latin American Conference on Computational Intelligence, LA-CCI 2024

作者： Mendonca, Vanessa Santos, Mikael Munoz, Daniel M. Humberto Llanos, Carlos Federal Institute of Brasilia Department of Computer Science Brazil Mechatronics Graduate Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Brazil Federal Institute of Brasilia Department of Agronomy Brazil University of Brasilia Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374575

Technological advancements are increasingly evident across various sectors, including automobiles, industry, and healthcare. In precision agriculture, significant progress has been made, with AgroTICs and Smart Agriculture gaining substantial traction in the market. However, a gap remains between cutting-edge technology and family farming, presenting a challenge from both social and applied research perspectives. However, there is still a gap between cutting-edge technology and family farming, which creates a challenge from a social and applied research point of view. In this context, this paper proposes a monitoring model based on Fuzzy Logic and sensor automation applied to estimate the health of a corn crop. The proposed Fuzzy inference system involves calculating an indicator of nutrients as well as the average color and area of corn plants. The nutrient indicator is automatically computed by an ESP32 microcontroller using sensor readings, while the average color and area inputs are manually entered via a mobile application. Additionally, the Fuzzy inference is integrated into the ESP32. The model underwent experimental validation on the health of the plantation, and the results were evaluated in four areas: one was designated for testing, and three were for validation. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.5% in Scenario 3, categorized as 'Very Favorable', and an accuracy of 65% in Scenarios 2 and 4, categorized as 'Unfavorable'. The implications of this research contribute to the advancement of AgroTICs among small producers, with the potential to enhance and automate the monitoring of their harvest production. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agribusiness

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Nitrogen Pretreatment of Growth Substrates for Vacancy-Saturated MoS2

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2023年第36期15卷 42746-42752页

作者： Yao, Yu-Chi Wu, Bo-Yi Chin, Hao-Ting Yen, Zhi-Long Ting, Chu-Chi Hofmann, Mario Hsieh, Ya-Ping Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Opto-Mechatronics Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chia-Yi62102 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan

Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) are considered promising materials for optoelectronics due to their unique optical and electric properties. However, their potential has been limited by the occurrence of atomic vacancies during synthesis. While post-treatment processes have demonstrated the passivation of such vacancies, they increase process complexity and affect the TMDC’s quality. We here introduce the concept of pretreatment as a facile and powerful route to solve the problem of vacancies in MoS2. Low-temperature nitridation of the sapphire substrate prior to growth provides a nondestructive method to MoS2 modification without introducing new processing steps or increasing the thermal budget. Spectroscopic characterization and atomic-resolution microscopy reveal the incorporation of nitrogen from the sapphire surface layer into chalcogen vacancies. The resulting MoS2 with nitrogen-saturated defects shows a decrease in midgap states and more intrinsic doping as confirmed by ab initio calculations and optoelectronic measurements. The demonstrated pretreatment method opens up new routes toward future, high-performance 2D electronics, as evidenced by a 3-fold reduction in contact resistance and a 10-fold improved performance of 2D photodetectors. © 2023 American Chemical Society

关键词： Molybdenum compounds

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RIM Experiment on Fuel Adhesion Characteristics of Inclined-Wall-Impinging Spray under Cross-Flow Conditions 10

RIM Experiment on Fuel Adhesion Characteristics of Inclined-...

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10th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine Systems, COMODIA 2022

作者： Zhang, Gengxin Shi, Penghua Luo, Hongliang Ogata, Yoichi Nishida, Keiya Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Mechanical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan

The impingement of fuel sprays on the piston surface significantly affects mixture formation, combustion performance, and pollutant emissions in Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition (DISI) engines. To better understand the fuel adhesion behavior, the fuel adhesion characteristics of fuel spray impinging on the flat wall under cross-flow condition were investigated in this work. Refractive Index Matching (RIM) were employed to observe the propagation of fuel adhesion. Then the area, mass, and thickness of fuel adhesion were evaluated under various cross-flow velocities. Also, the propagation mechanism and lifetime prediction of fuel adhesion under the cross-flow conditions were revealed. The experimental results can provide necessary guidance on the operating conditions of airflow inside the engine. © 2022 by the Japan Society of mechanical Engineers All rights reserved.

关键词： Adhesion

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Excitations in layered materials from a non-empirical Wannier-localized optimally-tuned screened rangeseparated hybrid functional

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 132-140页

作者： María Camarasa-Gómez Stephen E.Gant Guy Ohad Jeffrey B.Neaton Ashwin Ramasubramaniam Leeor Kronik Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovoth7610001Israel Department of Physics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA01003USA Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of MassachusettsAmherstAmherstMA01003USA

Accurate prediction of electronic and optical excitations in van der Waals(vdW)materials is a long-standing challenge for density functional *** recent Wannier-localized optimally-tuned screened range-separated hybrid(WOT-SRSH)functional has proven successful in non-empirical determination of electronic band gaps and optical absorption spectra for covalent and ionic ***,for vdW materials the tuning of the material-and structure-dependent functional parameters has only been attained ***,we present a non-empirical WOT-SRSH approach applicable to vdW materials,with the optimal functional parameters transferable between monolayer and *** apply this methodology to prototypical vdW materials:black phosphorus,molybdenum disulfide,and hexagonal boron nitride(in the latter case including zero-point renormalization).We show that the WOT-SRSH approach consistently achieves accuracy levels comparable to experiments and many-body perturbation theory(MBPT)calculations for band structures and optical absorption spectra,both on its own and as an optimal starting point for MBPT calculations.

关键词： theory optimal functional

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Effect of Sn addition on electrochemical activity of ribbons of Mg-Al-Ca anode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries fabricated by rapid solidification

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2025年第1期75卷 9-13页

作者： Fukuta, Yoshitaka Kikura, Kensei Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawagun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

Magnesium-based batteries are potential candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to the divalent nature of magnesium cations and the natural abundance of magnesium resources. In this study, the electrochemical activity of Mg-6mass%Al-3mass%Ca anodes combined with Sn was investigated. Thin ribbons of the anode specimens were prepared by a single-roll rapid solidification method. The results showed that the electrochemical activity increased upon adding 1 mass% Sn, while it decreased for 3 mass% Sn. Based on the results of an X-ray diffraction analysis, the addition of Sn led to the formation of Mg2Sn and Ca2Sn phases, which increased the lattice distortion. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that these secondary phases were homogeneously distributed for 1 mass% Sn addition, while they were coarsely distributed for 3 mass% Sn. © 2025 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： X ray diffraction analysis

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A motion-level-aware denoising framework for x-ray fluoroscopic images

A motion-level-aware denoising framework for x-ray fluorosco...

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Medical Imaging 2023: Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Jo, Geonhui Jang, Minhee Jeon, Sun-Young Kim, Wonjin Choi, Jang-Hwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660311

Fluoroscopy in a low-dose tube output is used to reduce the damage associated with radiation exposure. However, lowering the radiation dose inevitably increases random noise in x-ray images, resulting in poor diagnostic image quality, which requires noise reduction for accurate diagnosis. Also, in the case of non-static objects, the image is blurred due to motion. The most-used denoiser with a recursive filter (RF) preserves details well when applied to temporal data, but it is vulnerable to motion blur. Existing convolutional neural network (CNN)-based algorithms with single-frame input cannot use the temporary context, and others with multi-frame input are good for motion detection but poor for detail preservation. Therefore, we propose a motion-level-aware denoising framework to combine the results of RF- and CNN-based algorithms depending on the pixel-wise magnitude of motion to complement each other. The data we use are fluoroscopy images taken in continuous time, and we aim at many-to-one so that one frame is denoised by considering sequential frames. Also, since both RF- and CNN-based algorithms used in our architecture are many-to-one methods, they can consider spatiotemporal information. In the multi-frame input, the difference in intensity of each pixel between frames is calculated to obtain a moving map. Depending on the factor value from the moving map, the final image is obtained by reflecting the outputs of the RF- and CNN-based algorithms. If the factor value is high, the pixel intensity of the final image is like the CNN-based output, which is good for motion detection, and vice versa, it more reflects the intensity of RF output, which is excellent in perceptual quality. Therefore, it prevents motion blur and does not over-smooth microdetails, such as bones and muscles. The results show that combining the two outputs together records higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and has better perceptual quality for diagnosis than using only one method. F

关键词： Deep learning

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Effect of Surface Roughness on the Magnetism, Nano-indentation, Surface Energy, and Electrical Properties of Co60Fe20Dy20 Films on Si (100) Substrate

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Journal of Electronic Materials 2024年第4期53卷 1752-1762页

作者： Liu, Wen-Jen Chang, Yung-Huang Chiang, Chia-Chin Chen, Yuan-Tsung Lin, Chih-Chien Chen, Pei-Ling Lin, Shih-Hung Department of Materials Science and Engineering I-Shou University Kaohsiung840 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Industrial Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City80778 Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan

In this study, we focused on depositing a target material, cobalt-iron-dysprosium (Co60Fe20Dy20), onto silicon (Si) (100) substrates with thickness varying from 10 nm to 50 nm through a direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique. The subsequent step involved subjecting the samples to an hour-long annealing process in a vacuum annealing furnace at temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, and 300°C. To assess the elemental composition of the CoFeDy films, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was employed. An observed trend indicated an increase in low-frequency alternating-current magnetic susceptibility (χac) with the increasing thickness. Remarkably, the CoFeDy films exhibited their peak χac following annealing at 300°C, with an optimal resonance frequency of 50 Hz. After annealing at 300°C, the CoFeDy film’s surface energy peaked at 50 nm. The magnetic, electrical, and adhesive properties of the CoFeDy films were notably influenced by surface roughness at different annealing temperatures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed a gradual reduction in film roughness post-annealing, corresponding to smoother surfaces indicative of a weaker domain wall pinning effect, heightened carrier conductivity, and increased liquid spreading. Collectively, these outcomes contributed to diminished χac, reduced electrical resistance, and enhanced adhesion. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2024.

关键词： Adhesion

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Effect of chemical composition and microstructure on the thermal conductivity of Mg-Al-Ca alloys

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2024年第1期74卷 9-13页

作者： Kirimoto, Yuichi Kondo, Natsuki Ito, Mizuki Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan School of Sustainable Design Materials and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

In recent years, the increasing demand for electric vehicles, digital devices such as PCs and smartphones, and renewable energy storage systems has created a need for higher-performance batteries. Accordingly, the thermal conductivity of the case that houses the battery is becoming increasingly important. In this study, compositions with high thermal conductivity and good castability were investigated, focusing on Mg-Al-Ca alloys, and the relationship between the two was examined through thermal conductivity measurements and microstructural observations. As a result, the Mg-6%Al-4%Ca alloy was optimal in terms of castability and thermal conductivity. It was confirmed that a lower Al solid solution capacity and a higher purity of the matrix phase are important to improve the thermal conductivity. It is also suggested that the second phase, platelet Al2Ca, is likely to be recognized and enriched in the matrix, contributing to the improvement of thermal conductivity. The amount of Ca solid solution in the matrix was suggested to be reduced by the enrichment of Al in the matrix. The Ca solid solution in the matrix was found to be less effective in reducing thermal conductivity than the Al solid solution. © 2024 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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Thermomechanical Characterization of Hot Surface Ignition Device Using Phenomenological Heat Flux Model

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JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER 2022年第4期38卷 656-670页

作者： Kang, Sang-Guk Ryu, Je Ir Motily, Austen H. Numkiatsakul, Prapassorn Lee, Tonghun Kriven, Waltraud M. Kim, Kenneth S. Kweon, Chol-Bum M. U.S. Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground MD 21005 Aerospace Engineer Weapons and Materials Research Directorate Postdoctoral Fellow Computational and Information Sciences Directorate University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 Graduate Student Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering. Student Member AIAA Graduate Student Department of Materials Science and Engineering Professor Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering. Associate Fellow AIAA Professor Department of Materials Science and Engineering Mechanical Engineer Computational and Information Sciences Directorate. Member AIAA Program Manager Computational and Information Sciences Directorate. Member AIAA.

Modern aircraft compression ignition engines that seek to achieve fuel-flexible operation require ignition-assisting devices to perform reliably. Many military propulsion systems, and unmanned aircraft in particular, can use hot surface energy addition to improve engine performance. An analysis of the thermomechanical stress behavior of hot surface ignition devices is therefore critical to ensure that they can satisfy new operational requirements. In this paper, a phenomenological heat-flux model is proposed to simulate heat generation inside a heating element. Two finite element analysis models are established using the proposed heat-flux model in order to characterize the transient thermomechanical behavior of an ignition assistant: a two-dimensional (2-D) axisymmetric model with an equivalent cylindrical heating element and a three-dimensional (3-D) solid model with realistic heating element geometry. The transient behavior of the ignition assistant is investigated at standard conditions by characterizing the temperature and thermal stress inside the device for various input voltages. The effect of the nonaxisymmetric heating element geometry on the temperature and thermal stress distribution is assessed. Furthermore, the 3-D ignition assistant model is used to analyze the thermomechanical behavior of an ignition device subjected to a combustion event inside a rapid compression machine. Multiple circumferential orientations of the heating element plane relative to the spray axis are investigated. Results demonstrate that the observed maximum principal stress depends significantly on heating element orientation.

关键词： Heat Flux Stress Distribution Heat Generation Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Propulsion System Surface Energy Adaptive Mesh Refinement Fuel Injection CFD Simulation Fracture Toughness

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