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Folding angle and wing flexibility influence the flight performance of origami winged fruits

Nonlinear Dynamics 2024年第13期112卷 10995-11011页

作者： Cai, Jing-Fang Hsu, Ya-Chun Yen, Yu-Chen Lee, Yun-Chung Peyton, Bernie Huang, Mei-Jiau Yu, Hon-Tsen Juang, Jia-Yang Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Berkeley CA United States Program in Nanoengineering and Nanoscience Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Degree Program of Genome and Systems Biology National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

Winged fruits possess a unique flight mechanism relying on simple geometric structures rather than neuromuscular control. This study proposes an innovative approach using origami techniques to create three-winged model fruits, serving as a proxy for understanding the flight dynamics of natural winged fruits. Paper is employed to simulate inherent wing flexibility, with the option to add plastic frames for rigidity. We comprehensively investigate the free fall motion of both rigid and flexible winged fruits through experimental and numerical analyses. Velocity–time curves reveal a three-stage descent pattern—acceleration, deceleration, and steady states. The overshoot phenomenon is attributed to rapid lift increase due to leading-edge vortices attaching stably to the wings. This insight sheds light on aerodynamics governing fruit flight. Compared with rigid wings, flexible wings exhibit two key properties—slower descent and higher self-orienting capability—that facilitate a more stable and longer-distance dispersal of seeds under crosswind conditions. Our study demonstrates the potential benefits of flexible wings in natural seed distribution. This study advances our understanding of winged fruit flight dynamics, utilizing origami as a powerful tool for biomimetic investigations. The findings have broad implications, from improving aerodynamic designs to developing efficient micro air vehicles and electronic microfliers, and understanding seed dispersal evolution. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.

关键词： Fruits

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Toward Learning Factory for Industry 4.0: Virtual Reality (VR) for Learning Human–Robot Collaboration 1

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International Conference on Innovative Technologies in Intelligent Systems and Industrial Applications, CITISIA 2022

作者： Ariansyah, Dedy Colombo, Giorgio Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Centre Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di Milano Milan20156 Italy Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9783031290787

ISBN: (纸本)9783031290770

Industry 4.0 will bring not only transformation to the manufacturing technologies but also to the profile of the workforce. Education system should be revised to prepare the future graduates embracing the knowledge of the ongoing revolution. Initiatives on the modification of curriculum and tools to deliver the concepts of Industry 4.0 must be taken. This paper examines limitations of current engineering tools and proposes a virtual reality (VR)-based learning platform to support the teaching and learning activity for Industry 4.0, focusing on the design of Human–robot Collaboration (HRC). The development process began with the identification of the general Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) which were extracted from the review of the HRC design issues, followed by the evaluation of the current teaching tool. From these results, the new requirements of the tools to achieve ILOs are redefined. The implementation of the system is demonstrated to show the feasibility of the proposed learning platform. This workflow can serve as initial development of another learning platform for the other innovative concepts that form the building blocks of Industry 4.0. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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Self-Attenuating Graphene-Based Antennas Utilizing Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Substrates

Self-Attenuating Graphene-Based Antennas Utilizing Polyvinyl...

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Microwave and Antenna Symposium (IMAS), International

作者： Josef Frankhouse Evans Addo-Mensah Uche Wejinya Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas - Fayetteville Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of Arkansas - Fayetteville

ISBN: (数字)9798350356359

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356366

In this study, a Terahertz (THz) band antenna which can regulate its own resonant frequency without the requirement of manual adjustment is simulated. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate is applied onto a rectangular graphene patch antenna. With a voltage potential applied onto the PVDF, the patch antenna can attenuate its frequency by physically changing the shape of the antenna, and in turn its resonant frequency. These antennas are within a 0.1 THz band between 1.32 THz to 1.22 THz measured from a radial bend of a flat surface to r = 75 μm, fitting into a return loss (S11) above -30 dB. Although the return loss did not show consistency, the resonating frequency shifted at a linear rate relative to the cylindrical bending.

关键词： Microwave antennas Patch antennas Graphene Resonant frequency Prototypes Bandwidth Bending Loss measurement Substrates Terahertz communications

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Effect of Cu addition on electrochemical activity of ribbons of Mg-Al-Ca anode materials for magnesium rechargeable batteries manufactured by rapid solidification method

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2024年第1期74卷 14-17页

作者： Fukui, Shunsaku Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Kawaguchi Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

The potential for magnesium storage batteries to become the next generation of rechargeable batteries is high. This is largely due to the abundance of magnesium metal resources and their high safety and electric capacity per volume. Our research team has been studying magnesium alloys as anode materials for these batteries. Specifically, we have been investigating the electrochemical activity and mechanism of adding copper to Mg-9mass%Al and Mg-9mass%Al-3mass%Ca. Our findings indicate that the electrochemical activity increased with the addition of 1mass%Cu, but decreased with the addition of 3mass%Cu. In addition, changes in lattice constant and basal orientation were also observed. These changes decreased with 1mass%Cu and increased with 3mass%Cu. SEM observations showed that the cell delimitation was indistinct for the 1%Cu addition. © 2024 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Secondary batteries

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Investigation of manufacturing conditions of single roll rapidly solidified ribbon for anode materials of magnesium rechargeable batteries

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2023年第11期73卷 537-544页

作者： Kirimoto, Yuichi Fuke, Kousuke Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Nemoto, Yasunori Ikeda, Minoru Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi-shiToyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi-shiToyama Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama-shi-shiToyama Toyama Japan FLOW Science JAPAN Shizuoka Hamamatsu-shi Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Saitama Kawaguchi-shi Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

Magnesium rechargeable batteries are attracting attention as next-generation rechargeable batteries because of their resource abundance, cost, safety, and high electrical capacity per volume compared to conventional lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Our joint research team focused not only on the electrochemically active magnesium composition of ribbon for the negative electrode materials of magnesium rechargeable batteries but also on the production process, focused on the single roll type liquid quenching and rapid solidification method, which can be produced at a lower cost. In this study, the optimal processing conditions were examined by comparing CAE analysis with ribbon actually manufactured, with the aim of further improving manufacturing conditions using the same method, such as length discontinuities, thickness, and surface properties of ribbon. We specifically various process parameters such as injection pressure and roll peripheral speed for evaluation. As a result, several linear cracks were observed on the surface of the ribbon as the peripheral speed increased and as the Gap became wider, and the surface properties tended to deteriorate. Also, It was found that the dominant factor in the length of the ribbon was the peripheral speed. As the peripheral speed increased, the length of the ribbon tended to increase. © 2023 Japan Institute of Light Metals. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface properties

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Effect of Overload and Underload on Subsequent Deformation Behavior during Cyclic Deformation

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Zairyo/Journal of the Society of Materials science, Japan 2022年第2期71卷 159-166页

作者： Kondou, Ryouji Yama, Katsunari Energy and Environmental Program School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of the Ryukyus Nishihara-cho Nakagami-gun Okinawa903-0213 Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering and Science University of the Ryukyus Nishihara-cho Nakagami-gun Okinawa903-0213 Japan

A multi-scale analysis of elasto-plastic deformation and dislocation movement and accumulation of tricrystalline models during cyclic deformation was performed. The accumulation of dislocations in geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) and statistically stored dislocations (SSDs) was investigated in detail. Experimental observations have shown that fatigue life and fatigue crack propagation are also deteriorated when the material is subjected to overload or underload. However, in the microscopic and mesoscopic regions, where the effects of the crack tip shape change are not related to the size of the crack tip, a different phenomenon is essentially occurring. In this paper, the effects of overload and underload are investigated using a simple model without a crack. From the analysis results, it was found that the dislocation structure generated in the material subjected to overload or underload affects the subsequent deformation behavior. However, even though the absolute values are the same, the effects of overloading and underloading on the subsequent deformation are different, and underloading increases the non-uniformity of the subsequent deformation, which is on the dangerous side, while overloading decreases with increasing the number of repetitions. ©2022 The Society of Materials science, Japan

关键词： Crack tips

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Transferrin-Mediated Nanophotosensitizer to Enhance Phototherapy with Photoacoustic Imaging Under Hypoxia

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CCS Chemistry 2025年第4期7卷 1127-1141页

作者： Mengyao Yang Yunyoung Nah Donghyeon Oh Xingshu Li Heejeong Kim Sinyoung Park Junha Lim Aibing Chen Chulhong Kim Won Jong Kim Juyoung Yoon College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018 Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760 Department of Chemistry POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering InstitutePOSTECHPohang 37673 Department of Electrical Engineering Convergence IT EngineeringMechanical Engineeringand Medical Science and EngineeringMedical Device Innovation CenterPOSTECHPohang 37673 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108 School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering POSTECHPohang 37673 Graduate Program in Innovative Biomaterials Convergence Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760

Various obstacles[poor tissue penetration,hypoxic tumor microenvironment,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production quenching due to aggregation]obstruct imaging-guided high-efficiency phototherapy targeting ***,nanophthalocyanine(ZnPcN4-TF)is elaborately designed based on a synthetic phthalocyanine derivative(ZnPcN4)and nonimmunogenic transferrin(TF)through multiple noncovalent interactions for photoacoustic(PA)imaging-guided *** conjugating electron-rich amino groups effectively suppressed fluorescence and ROS generation due to the strong photoinduced electron transfer effect,ZnPcN4 became an ideal photothermal and PA imaging ***4-TF not only effectively targeted tumor sites and accumulated there,but also,surprisingly,facilitated the enhancement of ROS production via a type I process in an aggregate compared to ZnPcN4 itself,potentially due to accelerated electron ***,ZnPcN4-TF had a substantially more powerful photothermal effect than ZnPcN4 ***,this design effectively overcomes the obstacles to photodynamic therapy(aggregation-related ROS generation quenching in a hypoxic environment).Furthermore,PA imaging solves the tissue penetration challenge in optical *** study provides a broader base for designing novel photosensitizers to improve phototherapy under hypoxia.

关键词： photoacoustic imaging type I reactive oxygen species photothermal effect tumor accumulation self-assembly

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Improvement of corrosion resistance and heat dissipation of Mg-6%Al-4%Ca alloy by the addition of Mn, Mm, and the surface treatment

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2023年第12期73卷 646-650页

作者： Ito, Mizuki Kondo, Natsuki Kirimoto, Yuichi Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan School of Sustainable Design Materials and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama Toyama-shi Japan Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama Toyama Toyama-shi Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama Toyama-shi Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO LTD.. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Toyama Imizu-shi Japan

With the recent digitization, electronic equipment housings are required to be thin-walled and have rigidity, heat dissipation, corrosion resistance, and electromagnetic shielding properties. Magnesium alloys are promising materials that satisfy these requirements. Mg-Al alloys have good castability and high strength, but their thermal conductivity decreases. In general, adding alloying elements to magnesium decreases thermal conductivity the effect of aluminum addition is significant. It was found that adding calcium to Mg-Al alloys to form Mg-Al-Ca (AX) alloys results in higher thermal conductivity than that of Mg-Al alloys. However, AX alloys have poor corrosion resistance and require post-treatment such as surface treatment. In this study, AX64, which has high thermal conductivity among the AX series alloys, was used as the basic composition, and corrosion resistance was improved by adding manganese and misch metal, and an attempt was made to improve corrosion resistance and emissivity through surface treatment. The change in thermal conductivity by heat treatment was also investigated. Experimental results showed that the addition of manganese and misch metal improved corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity. Plasma anodization also improved corrosion resistance and emissivity. Heat treatment of these alloys at 400°C improved the thermal conductivity with longer holding time. © 2023 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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ANALYSIS OF NITROGEN FLOW IN FOOD WASTE: A CASE STUDY OF THE UNIVERSITY RESTAURANT-UNB 32nd

ANALYSIS OF NITROGEN FLOW IN FOOD WASTE: A CASE STUDY OF THE...

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32nd European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, EUBCE 2024

作者： Ramos, Arthur Augusto Frasson De Brites, Eneida Campos Felipe Soares, Raquel Moraes Silveira, Edgar A. Contreras, Francisco University of Brasilia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering DF Brasilia70910-900 Brazil University of Brasilia Graduate Program on Environmental Technology and Water Resources Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering DF Brasilia70910-900 Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Brasília Estrutural Campus DF Brasília71250-000 Brazil University of Brasília Mechanical Sciences Graduate Program Laboratory of Energy and Environment DF Brasilia70910-900 Brazil

With the projected global population reaching 9.7 billion by 2050, the production and consumption of food continue to escalate. Nitrogen is pivotal in this landscape due to its significance in living organisms and the environmental repercussions associated with nutrient-rich waste. Inappropriate disposal of such residues contributes to nitrogen release into the environment, impacting aquatic ecosystems and precipitating the generation of greenhouse gases. This study tackles the global challenge of effectively managing nitrogen in food waste by utilizing Material Flow Analysis (MFA) as a tool to comprehend this cycle. The analysis uncovered that vegetables, legumes, and fruits constitute the primary sources of waste generation, while meats, despite their lower mass, account for a substantial proportion of total nitrogen depletion. In the surveyed month of October 2023, 174,834 meals were served, resulting in an average food consumption N-footprint of 0.003 kg of nitrogen discarded per individual meal within the restaurant’s organic waste. These findings indicate that 65% of nitrogen is consumed in meal form, while 35% is discarded as organic solid waste. However, 53% of the nitrogen in the residues originates from food preparation processes, with food preparation responsible for over half of this figure. A deeper process analysis reveals that vegetables have low nitrogen concentrations, although they significantly contribute to waste at all stages. In contrast, meats and eggs, with higher nitrogen concentrations, emerge as noteworthy contributors to the overall nitrogen content in waste. Vegetables and meats contribute about 50% and 45% of the total nitrogen, respectively. These outcomes substantially enhance our comprehension of waste generation dynamics and nutrient utilization at the university restaurant, assisting with waste management, design of sustainable menus, reduction of food waste, and optimized resource utilization, contributing to sustainability and re

关键词： Effluent treatment

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Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LAS) System for Measuring Vapor and Liquid Phase Concentration Distributions in Evaporating Diesel Spray 10

Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LA...

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10th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine Systems, COMODIA 2022

作者： Ray, Samir Chandra Naito, Shinichiro Safiullah Andersson, Mats Nishida, Keiya Ogata, Yoichi Sasaki, Hiroyasu Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Mechanical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Nac Image Technology Inc. Japan

The fundamental concept of the LAS technique is to understand the fuel concentration by attenuation of both visible and ultraviolet light. The intensity of visible light is only attenuated by the scattering of droplets, while that of ultraviolet light is attenuated by the scattering of droplets and the absorption of vapors. The conventional LAS uses the ND: YAG pulse laser, CCD cameras and one shot for one spray, which takes time and effort. Moreover, temporal variation measurement of a single shot spray is not possible by the conventional LAS. To record the distribution of the whole vapor phase in an injection event and measure the liquid and vapor concentration inside the spray, a high-speed laser absorption scattering (HS-LAS) technique was developed applying continuous diode light source, high-speed video cameras, and image intensifier for UV light, which can provide the temporal variation of a single shot spray. In the experiment, a commercial seven-hole injector with a hole diameter of 0.123 mm allowing high injection pressure up to 100 MPa was used to avoid the potential inconsistencies with single-hole test injector. The diesel surrogate fuel which consists of 97.5 % n-tridecane and 2.5 % of volume-based 1-methylnaphthalene was used. The injection amount 5.0 mg/hole were selected to investigate the structure and mixture formation process of the spray. The findings of the experiments show that this imaging approach is a promising diagnostic technique for concurrently obtaining quantitative information on the quantity of vapor and droplets in a fuel spray. Furthermore, the turbulent/vortex fluid dynamics' temporal development/variation can be investigated. © 2022 by the Japan Society of mechanical Engineers All rights reserved.

关键词： Diesel engines

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